The purpose of this paper is to examine whether different supervisory styles are relevant in facilitating or inhibiting job crafting, and whether job crafting plays a significant role in promoting self-competence and work performance. Data were gathered from 162 employees in a large manufacturing company. We found a positive relationship between promotive control and job crafting, and a negative relationship between restrictive control and job crafting. Some job crafting behaviors positively affect both self-competence and performance, while others have a negative effect. Our results suggest that organizations interested in promoting job crafting should encourage a promotive style of leadership.

This paper sets out 99 case studies of insider attacks that took place in the UK. The study involved interviewing investigators, heads of security, information technologists, law enforcement, security officers, human resource managers, line managers, and coworkers who knew the insider. The analysis elucidates how to identify insiders and pathways to these attacks. It also highlights examples of archetypal insiders, in addition to the ‘disgruntled employee’ (e.g., ‘the show off’, ‘the career criminal’, ‘the addict’, etc.). In contrast to other studies, this study highlights multiple pathways to an attack. A conceptual model is set out that considers indicators (both physical and cyber) that might be monitored in an insider risk detection programme. The model stressors need to continuously seek out methods to close down opportunities as well as to monitor behavioural change. It also elucidates potential deterrence and prevention strategies for organisations to consider in an ethical and legal manner.

Traders can reduce search costs in dealership markets by entering relationships with dealers. However, dealers draw little informational benefit from these relationships in Treasury markets, due to low risk and information asymmetry. We investigate the extent, duration, effects on pricing, and potential benefits of client–dealer relationships. We find that relationship strength leads to higher execution costs for clients, more so during stressed market conditions but less so in the presence of information asymmetry and when trading in corporate bonds. Relationship traders are compensated with immediacy at times when search is costly.

Operating leverage increases profitability and reduces optimal financial leverage. Thus, operating leverage generates a negative relation between profitability and financial leverage that is thought to be inconsistent with the trade-off theory but is commonly observed in the data. We demonstrate the effect of operating leverage on firms’ profitability and financial leverage, as well as on the empirical relation between profitability and financial leverage, by using China’s entry into the World Trade Organization in 2001 and its effect on the capital–labor ratio of U.S. firms.

Recent research on blockholders focuses on activist hedge funds and documents positive stock but negative bond returns. This study investigates the role of blockholder heterogeneity on security market effects and target firm follow-on activities across three important dimensions: identity, motive, and purchasing method. We show that target firms’ security returns and post-acquisition activities strongly correlate with blockholder heterogeneity. Further, bond returns are significantly positive for firms with blockholders’ debt-assistance motive while both stock and bond returns are significantly negative in private placements. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of blockholder heterogeneity on the valuation and performance consequences in block acquisitions.