Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
  1. Home
  2. Browse subjects
  3. Medicine
  4. Surgery
  5. Content listing

Refine search

Refine search

Access:
Content type:
Publication date:
Apply   From and To filters
Subject: Show more
Journals Show more
Publishers: Show more
Societies Show more
Series: Show more
Collections: Show more

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
Cancel
×

3766 results in Surgery

Page 82 of 189

Orthopedic Emergencies
  • Expert Management for the Emergency Physician
  • Edited by Michael C. Bond
  • Edited in association with Andrew D. Perron, Michael K. Abraham
  • Published online:
    05 November 2013
    Print publication:
    31 October 2013
  • Acute care physicians are frequently faced with diagnosing and treating orthopedic emergencies with limited resources and without immediate specialist availability. Orthopedic Emergencies focuses on the acute management and stabilization of orthopedic injuries with specific recommendations on procedures and the stabilization of fractures and dislocation. The topics are organized anatomically with additional chapters on Procedures, Reduction Techniques, and Immobilization and Splinting. The information needed for a rapid diagnosis is available instantly through the bullet-point-style text, diagrams, images, pearls and pitfalls. There are specific recommendations on which splint to apply and how to position the affected limb, as well as advice on when to arrange follow up with an orthopedist or sports medicine physician. The spiral binding allows the book to lay flat for easy use at the bedside, making Orthopedic Emergencies the ideal companion for all emergency medicine providers including emergency department physicians, sports clinics, family medicine practitioners and mid-level providers.

  • Chapter 2 - Shoulder and elbow emergencies

  • Edited by Michael C. Bond
  • Edited in association with Andrew D. Perron, Michael K. Abraham
  • Book:
    Orthopedic Emergencies
    Published online:
    05 November 2013
    Print publication:
    31 October 2013, pp 44-80

  • Summary

    This chapter presents the key facts, clinical presentation, diagnostic testing, treatment of procedures, and prognosis of shoulder and elbow emergencies such as glenohumeral dislocations, scapular fractures, clavicle fractures, sternoclavicular (SC) injuries, acromioclavicular injuries, and proximal humerus fractures. Failure to obtain a lateral projection can result in missing a posterior dislocation in up to 50% of cases. Reductions performed with intra-articular anesthetic injections have been safely performed with equivalent success rates, similar patient comfort, shorter ED length of stays, and lower complication rates. Electromyogram (EMG) testing can be performed at a later date to evaluate suspected nerve injuries. Presence of a posterior SC dislocation should prompt evaluation for associated injuries to the trachea, esophagus, and great vessels, which are in close proximity to the SC joint. Plain radiographs are the preferred test for evaluation of suspected humeral shaft fractures.

  • Chapter 6 - Spine emergencies

  • Edited by Michael C. Bond
  • Edited in association with Andrew D. Perron, Michael K. Abraham
  • Book:
    Orthopedic Emergencies
    Published online:
    05 November 2013
    Print publication:
    31 October 2013, pp 154-164

  • Summary

    This chapter presents the key facts, emergency evaluation and management, symptoms, physical examination findings, and treatment of spine emergencies, namely acute spine injuries, cauda equina syndrome, spinal epidural abscess (SEA), vertebral compression fractures and lumbar disc herniation. If an injury is identified, the spine must be protected until definitive management is provided. If a patient has an occipitocervical dissociation, immediate application of a halo is recommended given the highly unstable nature of the injury. Patients should undergo emergent MRI if there is suspicion of cauda equina syndrome. Prompt diagnosis and treatment is essential to prevent neurologic deterioration and maximize recovery. Most compression fractures are successfully managed with rest, activity modification, analgesics and bracing. Two-thirds of patients respond to non-operative care. The ability to perform a thorough and accurate neurologic evaluation is essential in determining normal from abnormal and assessing whether the findings are attributable to a disc herniation.

  • Chapter 3 - Pelvic emergencies

  • Edited by Michael C. Bond
  • Edited in association with Andrew D. Perron, Michael K. Abraham
  • Book:
    Orthopedic Emergencies
    Published online:
    05 November 2013
    Print publication:
    31 October 2013, pp 81-104

  • Summary

    This chapter presents the key facts, mechanism, anatomy, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of pelvic fractures e.g. avulsion fractures, and non-displaced pelvic fractures such as pubic ramis fractures, ischial body fractures, ilium fractures, sacral fractures, coccyx fractures, displaced pelvic fractures, acetabular fractures and hip fractures. Pelvic fractures represent 3% of all fractures, and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The mortality rate for high-energy pelvic fractures is between 10% and 20%. The pelvis consists of the ilium and pubis, and the ilium on each side forming the innominate bones that are then joined at the pubis symphysis anteriorly and the sacrum posteriorly. Fractures involving a single pubic ramis are usually caused by a fall in the elderly, though in the young it is often the result of persistent tension/stress on the adductors or hamstrings resulting in a fracture at their site of origination.

  • Chapter 10 - Immobilization and splinting

  • Edited by Michael C. Bond
  • Edited in association with Andrew D. Perron, Michael K. Abraham
  • Book:
    Orthopedic Emergencies
    Published online:
    05 November 2013
    Print publication:
    31 October 2013, pp 248-269

  • Summary

    This chapter presents the key facts, mechanism, anatomy, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of pelvic fractures e.g. avulsion fractures, and non-displaced pelvic fractures such as pubic ramis fractures, ischial body fractures, ilium fractures, sacral fractures, coccyx fractures, displaced pelvic fractures, acetabular fractures and hip fractures. Pelvic fractures represent 3% of all fractures, and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The mortality rate for high-energy pelvic fractures is between 10% and 20%. The pelvis consists of the ilium and pubis, and the ilium on each side forming the innominate bones that are then joined at the pubis symphysis anteriorly and the sacrum posteriorly. Fractures involving a single pubic ramis are usually caused by a fall in the elderly, though in the young it is often the result of persistent tension/stress on the adductors or hamstrings resulting in a fracture at their site of origination.

  • Chapter 7 - Pediatric orthopedic emergencies

  • Edited by Michael C. Bond
  • Edited in association with Andrew D. Perron, Michael K. Abraham
  • Book:
    Orthopedic Emergencies
    Published online:
    05 November 2013
    Print publication:
    31 October 2013, pp 165-177

  • Summary

    This chapter presents the key facts, description, physical examinations, epidemiology, initial evaluation, tests, treatment, and prognosis of pediatric orthopedic fractures such as growth plate injury, Osgood-Schlatter disease, child abuse/non-accidental trauma, spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA), transient synovitis, and slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). Bones in children remodel at a more rapid rate than adults, making closed reduction a viable treatment modality for many fractures that would require operative repair in adults. Treatment involves splinting or casting for 4 weeks and outpatient orthopedic follow-up. Some centers immobilize for even shorter periods with similar results. Casting is the treatment of choice and these injuries rarely need operative repair. Plain radiographs are the screening test of choice for SCFE. An MRI may be used for patients whose initial radiographs are inconclusive and there is a high degree of suspicion.

  • Chapter 9 - Procedures for orthopedic emergencies

  • Edited by Michael C. Bond
  • Edited in association with Andrew D. Perron, Michael K. Abraham
  • Book:
    Orthopedic Emergencies
    Published online:
    05 November 2013
    Print publication:
    31 October 2013, pp 191-247

  • Summary

    This chapter presents the key facts, clinical presentation, diagnostic testing, treatment of procedures, and prognosis of shoulder and elbow emergencies such as glenohumeral dislocations, scapular fractures, clavicle fractures, sternoclavicular (SC) injuries, acromioclavicular injuries, and proximal humerus fractures. Failure to obtain a lateral projection can result in missing a posterior dislocation in up to 50% of cases. Reductions performed with intra-articular anesthetic injections have been safely performed with equivalent success rates, similar patient comfort, shorter ED length of stays, and lower complication rates. Electromyogram (EMG) testing can be performed at a later date to evaluate suspected nerve injuries. Presence of a posterior SC dislocation should prompt evaluation for associated injuries to the trachea, esophagus, and great vessels, which are in close proximity to the SC joint. Plain radiographs are the preferred test for evaluation of suspected humeral shaft fractures.

  • Chapter 1 - Hand and wrist emergencies

  • Edited by Michael C. Bond
  • Edited in association with Andrew D. Perron, Michael K. Abraham
  • Book:
    Orthopedic Emergencies
    Published online:
    05 November 2013
    Print publication:
    31 October 2013, pp 1-43

  • Summary

    This chapter presents the key facts, diagnostic testing, treatments, and prognosis of various types of hand and wrist fractures such as distal radius fracture, distal radioulnar joint disruption (DRUJ), carpal bone fractures, metacarpal bone fractures, phalangeal bone fractures, and distal phalanx fracture. Distal radius and ulnar injuries are often associated with median and ulnar neuropathies. A transverse fracture of the distal radial metaphysis with dorsal displacement and angulation, often caused by a fall on an outstretched hand. The lateral radiograph is the best view for revealing an intra-articular fracture of the radius and any associated carpal displacement in Barton fractures. A posteroanterior (PA) radiograph often shows a comminuted fracture of the distal radius. Barton fractures require emergency orthopedic/hand-specialist consultation for early operative management. Non-displaced Hutchinson fractures can be managed with a short-arm splint and routine orthopedic/hand-specialist follow-up.

  • Chapter 8 - Orthopedic infections and other complications

  • Edited by Michael C. Bond
  • Edited in association with Andrew D. Perron, Michael K. Abraham
  • Book:
    Orthopedic Emergencies
    Published online:
    05 November 2013
    Print publication:
    31 October 2013, pp 178-190

  • Summary

    This chapter presents the key facts, diagnostic testing, treatments, and prognosis of various types of hand and wrist fractures such as distal radius fracture, distal radioulnar joint disruption (DRUJ), carpal bone fractures, metacarpal bone fractures, phalangeal bone fractures, and distal phalanx fracture. Distal radius and ulnar injuries are often associated with median and ulnar neuropathies. A transverse fracture of the distal radial metaphysis with dorsal displacement and angulation, often caused by a fall on an outstretched hand. The lateral radiograph is the best view for revealing an intra-articular fracture of the radius and any associated carpal displacement in Barton fractures. A posteroanterior (PA) radiograph often shows a comminuted fracture of the distal radius. Barton fractures require emergency orthopedic/hand-specialist consultation for early operative management. Non-displaced Hutchinson fractures can be managed with a short-arm splint and routine orthopedic/hand-specialist follow-up.

  • Chapter 5 - Foot and ankle emergencies

  • Edited by Michael C. Bond
  • Edited in association with Andrew D. Perron, Michael K. Abraham
  • Book:
    Orthopedic Emergencies
    Published online:
    05 November 2013
    Print publication:
    31 October 2013, pp 142-153

  • Summary

    This chapter discusses the physiology, diagnostic evaluation, treatment, and prognosis of foot and ankle injuries, including Achilles tendon injuries, ankle fractures and dislocations, hind foot and mid-foot injuries, foreign bodies, and infections. Achilles injuries often present as a sudden onset of pain in the posterior aspect of the ankle, without direct trauma. Ankle fractures can have a variety of histories, from a simple twist and fall to a violent motor vehicle collision. The outcome of ankle fractures is as varied as the presentations, and depends on both the amount of energy involved and the presence of any associated soft-tissue injuries. Ultrasound is helpful in confirming the presence of radiolucent foreign bodies. After irrigation, a referral to orthopedics for removal with the aid of fluoroscopy is often necessary. The evaluation of a foot infection will vary based upon the suspected underlying clinical diagnosis.

  • Chapter 4 - Knee and leg emergencies

  • Edited by Michael C. Bond
  • Edited in association with Andrew D. Perron, Michael K. Abraham
  • Book:
    Orthopedic Emergencies
    Published online:
    05 November 2013
    Print publication:
    31 October 2013, pp 105-141

  • Summary

    This chapter presents the key facts, clinical presentations, physical examinations, diagnostic testings, treatments, and prognosis of the knee and leg injuries such as knee dislocations, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries, tibia and fibula fractures or dislocations, and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) injuries. Due to the limitations of the ED assessment, the suspected discharge diagnosis is often unconfirmed, and close follow-up is required to confirm the diagnosis, monitor symptoms and guide further management. Physical exam of the acutely injured knee in the ED is often compromised by acute pain and swelling. When an occult, non-displaced fracture is suspected, then management should include immobilization in ~30° of flexion, crutches, non-weight-bearing status, and follow-up with orthopedic surgery within a few days. Though not absolutely indicated, local practice patterns may elect to confirm the presence or absence of a fracture in the ED with computer tomography (CT).

Wilcox's Surgical Anatomy of the Heart
  • 4th edition
  • Robert H. Anderson, Diane E. Spicer, Anthony M. Hlavacek, Andrew C. Cook, Carl L. Backer
  • Published online:
    05 September 2013
    Print publication:
    25 July 2013
  • The revised fourth edition of this classic textbook on cardiac anatomy written from the stance of the cardiac surgeon features many new images, including computed tomography angiography. The provision of multiple high quality surgical and pathological photographs makes it essential reading for cardiac surgeons, and of great value to cardiologists, surgical pathologists, radiologists and anaesthetists. The book will also be a valuable reference resource for any healthcare professional or researcher who needs to understand detailed cardiac anatomy. The book begins by describing the surgical approaches to the heart. It goes on to discuss the normal surgical anatomy of the cardiac chambers, the valves, and the systems for circulation and conduction within the heart. This provides the essential anatomical information required to assess and interpret the malformations, lesions and abnormalities discussed in the remainder of the book.

Page 82 of 189