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16950 results

Page 44 of 848

  • 10 - Millisecond Pulsars

  • from Part II - Observed Physical Characteristics
  • Andrew Lyne, University of Manchester, Francis Graham-Smith, University of Manchester, Benjamin Stappers, University of Manchester
  • Book:
    Pulsar Astronomy
    Published online:
    21 July 2022
    Print publication:
    04 August 2022, pp 162-180

  • Summary

    The discovery of millisecond pulsars revealed an evolutionary sequence from normal binary stars to x-ray binaries and the millisecond binary pulsars. The companions of binary millisecond pulsars include other neutron stars and white dwarfs with various masses.

  • 19 - Interstellar Scintillation and Scattering

  • from Part IV - Environments and the Interstellar Medium
  • Andrew Lyne, University of Manchester, Francis Graham-Smith, University of Manchester, Benjamin Stappers, University of Manchester
  • Book:
    Pulsar Astronomy
    Published online:
    21 July 2022
    Print publication:
    04 August 2022, pp 322-348

  • Summary

    The ionised interstellar medium is ideally accessible to radio pulsar research, both on large scales through frequency dispersion and on small scales through scattering and random refraction of radio waves. The theory is presented both geometrically and as wave diffraction. Observations reveal structure on a wide range of scales, including the effects of discrete structures. Interstellar scattering also lengthens radio pulses.

  • 20 - The Interstellar Magnetic Field

  • from Part IV - Environments and the Interstellar Medium
  • Andrew Lyne, University of Manchester, Francis Graham-Smith, University of Manchester, Benjamin Stappers, University of Manchester
  • Book:
    Pulsar Astronomy
    Published online:
    21 July 2022
    Print publication:
    04 August 2022, pp 349-358

  • Summary

    The radiation from most pulsars has a high degree of linear polarisation, allowing measurements of Faraday rotation. Such radio observations of polarisation provide detailed measurements of the interstellar magnetic field along the line of sight to a pulsar, including the fields along the spiral arms and the large-scale field outside the plane of the Galaxy. Pulsars can probe the magnitude and direction of the galactic magnetic field.

  • 14 - Radius and Mass

  • from Part III - Neutron Star Physics
  • Andrew Lyne, University of Manchester, Francis Graham-Smith, University of Manchester, Benjamin Stappers, University of Manchester
  • Book:
    Pulsar Astronomy
    Published online:
    21 July 2022
    Print publication:
    04 August 2022, pp 226-234

  • Summary

    Many of the masses of pulsars in binary systems are known to high accuracy from their dynamics, while the masses of solitary pulsars are difficult to obtain. Radii are available from x-ray luminosity where this is known to be thermal. This chapter assembles the known measurements of mass and radius for all neutron stars.

  • 1 - The Discoveries

  • from Part I - Discoveries and Techniques
  • Andrew Lyne, University of Manchester, Francis Graham-Smith, University of Manchester, Benjamin Stappers, University of Manchester
  • Book:
    Pulsar Astronomy
    Published online:
    21 July 2022
    Print publication:
    04 August 2022, pp 3-23

  • Summary

    A brief history of the discoveries and their subsequent development gives an introduction to the research topics dealt with in later chapters: pulsar searches, precision timing, positions and identifications, millisecond pulsars, binary systems, neutron star structure, general relativity, emission mechanisms, fast radio bursts, interstellar medium.

  • 9 - The Variability of Pulsar Emission

  • from Part II - Observed Physical Characteristics
  • Andrew Lyne, University of Manchester, Francis Graham-Smith, University of Manchester, Benjamin Stappers, University of Manchester
  • Book:
    Pulsar Astronomy
    Published online:
    21 July 2022
    Print publication:
    04 August 2022, pp 139-161

  • Summary

    Pulsar radio emission is variable on many time scales, from nanosecond structure in single pulses to intermittency on timescales of many years. Isolated single pulses may be intense individual pulses from a regular sequence, or individual fast radio bursts. The excitation of radio emission varies both in its location and its timing.

Pulsar Astronomy
  • 5th edition
  • Andrew Lyne, Francis Graham-Smith, Benjamin Stappers
  • Published online:
    21 July 2022
    Print publication:
    04 August 2022
  • After more than half a century since their unexpected discovery and identification as neutron stars, the observation and understanding of pulsars touches upon many areas of astronomy and astrophysics. The literature on pulsars is vast and the observational techniques used now cover the whole of the electromagnetic spectrum from radio to gamma-rays. Now in its fifth edition, this volume has been reorganised and features new material throughout. It provides an introduction in historical and physical terms to the many aspects of neutron stars, including condensed matter, physics of the magnetosphere, supernovae and the development of the pulsar population, propagation in the interstellar medium, binary stars, gravitation and general relativity. The current development of a new generation of powerful radio telescopes, designed with pulsar research in mind, makes this survey and guide essential reading for a growing body of students and astronomers.

Cosmology
  • Daniel Baumann
  • Published online:
    07 July 2022
    Print publication:
    30 June 2022
  • The author – a leading theoretical cosmologist – expands on his widely acclaimed lecture notes in this self-contained textbook, suitable for the advanced undergraduate or starting graduate level. Presenting the key theoretical foundations of cosmology and describing the observations that have turned the subject into a precision science, the author keeps the student in mind on every page by explaining concepts step-by-step, in an approachable manner. After describing the dynamics of the homogeneous universe, the book traces the evolution of small density fluctuations, which were created quantum-mechanically during inflation and are today observed in the cosmic microwave background and the large-scale structure of the universe. The book is ideally suited as a course companion or for self-study. With all necessary background material covered, students have everything they need to establish an unrivalled understanding of the subject. Complete with many worked examples, figures, and homework problems, this textbook is a definitive resource for advanced students in physics, astronomy and applied mathematics.

A First Course in General Relativity
  • 3rd edition
  • Bernard Schutz
  • Published online:
    02 July 2022
    Print publication:
    30 June 2022
  • Clarity, readability, and rigor combine in the third edition of this widely used textbook to provide the first step into general relativity for advanced undergraduates with a minimal background in mathematics. Topics within relativity that fascinate astrophysics researchers and students alike are covered with Schutz's characteristic ease and authority, from black holes to relativistic objects, from pulsars to the study of the Universe as a whole. This third edition contains discoveries by astronomers that require general relativity for their explanation; two chapters on gravitational waves, including direct detections of gravitational waves and their observations' impact on cosmological measurements; new information on black holes and neutron stars; and greater insight into the expansion of the Universe. Over 300 exercises, many new to this edition, give students the confidence to work with general relativity and the necessary mathematics, while the informal writing style and worked examples make the subject matter easily accessible.

Page 44 of 848