To save content items to your account,
please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies.
If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account.
Find out more about saving content to .
To save content items to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org
is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings
on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part
of your Kindle email address below.
Find out more about saving to your Kindle.
Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations.
‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi.
‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.
The difficult issue of getting beyond averages when it comes to describing the effects of treatment is addressed. Are women essentially different from men in the way that treatment affects them? If so, how should trials be run to address this? The field of bioequivalence trials is described. These are used to show that generic drugs may safely be used instead of brand name innovator formulations. A claim that bioequivalance is different for women than for men is shown to be false.
An account is made of some early and more modern pioneers in probability and statistics. The purpose of this is not only to provide a historical account of the subject but also to breathe life into important statistical concepts that will appear throughout the book.
Medical statistics as it applies to money, in particular insured sums, is the topic of this chapter which covers the history of annuities and life insurance. The way that this topic has been adapted by medical statistics, in particular as a result of a landmark paper in 1972 by David Cox, is addressed.
Various statistical problems of assessing legal evidence are covered. Poisson's attempts to model the probability of a jury coming to the correct decision are considered. Various versions of the famous Island Problem and possible Bayesian solutions are covered in some detail.
The controversial field of observational studies is covered, taking medicines and their possible side-effects and also lifestyle choices as an example.
A link is made between epistemology – that is to say, the philosophy of knowledge – and statistics. Hume's criticism of induction is covered, as is Popper's. Various philosophies of statistics are described.