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Cost-benefit models as the next, best option for understanding subjective effort

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 December 2013

Robert Kurzban ,
Angela Duckworth ,
Joseph W. Kable  and
Justus Myers
Robert Kurzban
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104. kurzban@psych.upenn.eduhttps://sites.google.com/site/pleeplab/duckworth@psych.upenn.eduhttps://sites.sas.upenn.edu/duckworthkable@psych.upenn.eduhttp://www.psych.upenn.edu/kable_lab/Joes_Homepage/Home.htmljustusm@psych.upenn.edu
Angela Duckworth
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104. kurzban@psych.upenn.eduhttps://sites.google.com/site/pleeplab/duckworth@psych.upenn.eduhttps://sites.sas.upenn.edu/duckworthkable@psych.upenn.eduhttp://www.psych.upenn.edu/kable_lab/Joes_Homepage/Home.htmljustusm@psych.upenn.edu
Joseph W. Kable
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104. kurzban@psych.upenn.eduhttps://sites.google.com/site/pleeplab/duckworth@psych.upenn.eduhttps://sites.sas.upenn.edu/duckworthkable@psych.upenn.eduhttp://www.psych.upenn.edu/kable_lab/Joes_Homepage/Home.htmljustusm@psych.upenn.edu
Justus Myers
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104. kurzban@psych.upenn.eduhttps://sites.google.com/site/pleeplab/duckworth@psych.upenn.eduhttps://sites.sas.upenn.edu/duckworthkable@psych.upenn.eduhttp://www.psych.upenn.edu/kable_lab/Joes_Homepage/Home.htmljustusm@psych.upenn.edu
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Abstract

The commentaries on our target article are surprisingly sympathetic to our overall approach to explaining subjective effort, though disagreement with particulars inevitably emerged. Here, in our response, we first review the few disagreements concerning the basic structure of our proposal, highlighting areas in which little or no resistance was voiced. Opposition to the assumptions that underlie our opportunity cost model is noticeably limited. Areas of genuine disagreement, however, include: (1) the inputs to and outputs of the relevant decision-making systems; (2) how to interpret data regarding individual differences in performance; (3) how to explain persistence on tasks that give rise to the sensation of subjective effort; and (4) the details of the relevant neuropsychological systems. Throughout we point to empirical issues raised by the commentaries and suggest research that will be useful in arbitrating points of disagreement.

Type
Authors' Response
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 36 , Issue 6 , December 2013 , pp. 707 - 726
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

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