Hostname: page-component-89b8bd64d-72crv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-05-09T01:45:00.241Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effort processes in achieving performance outcomes: Interrelations among and roles of core constructs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 December 2013

Rex A. Wright  and
Giuseppe Pantaleo
Rex A. Wright
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203-5017. rex.wright@unt.edu
Giuseppe Pantaleo
Affiliation:
Faculty of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University of Milan, I-20132 Milan, Italy. pantaleo.giuseppe@hsr.it
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

We address points of confusion pertaining to interrelations among and roles of core constructs involved in the production of performance outcomes. We do so informed by the body of work derived from Brehm's seminal motivation intensity theory – in particular an elaboration from the theory concerned with fatigue influence on effort and associated cardiovascular responses in people confronted with performance challenges.

Information

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 36 , Issue 6 , December 2013 , pp. 705 - 706
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Brehm, J. W. & Self, E. A. (1989) The intensity of motivation. Annual Review of Psychology 40(1):109–31.Google Scholar
Fairclough, S. H. (2001) Mental effort regulation and the functional impairment of the driver. In: Stress, workload and fatigue, ed. Hancock, P. A. & Desmond, P. A., pp. 479–502. Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Harkins, S. G. (2006) Mere effort as the mediator of the evaluation-performance relationship. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 91:436–55.Google Scholar
Kanfer, R. (2011) Determinants and consequences of subjective cognitive fatigue. In: Cognitive fatigue: Multidisciplinary perspectives on current research and future applications, ed. Ackerman, P. L., pp. 189–207. American Psychological Association.Google Scholar
Marcora, S. M., Bosio, A. & de Morree, H. M. (2008) Locomotor muscle fatigue increases cardiorespiratory responses and reduces performance during intense cycling exercise independent of metabolic stress. American Journal of Physiology: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 294:874–83.Google Scholar
Obrist, P. A. (1981) Cardiovascular psychophysiology: A perspective. Plenum Press.Google Scholar
Schmidt, R. E., Richter, M., Gendolla, G. H. E. & Van der Linden, M. (2010) Young poor sleepers mobilize extra effort in an easy memory task: Evidence from cardiovascular measures. Journal of Sleep Research 19:487–95. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2010.00834.x.Google Scholar
Stewart, C. C., Wright, R. A., Hui, S. A. & Simmons, A. (2009) Outcome expectancy as a moderator of mental fatigue influence on cardiovascular response. Psychophysiology 46:1141–49. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00862.x.Google Scholar
Wright, R. A. & Kirby, L. D. (2001) Effort determination of cardiovascular response: An integrative analysis with applications in social psychology. In: Advances in experimental social psychology, vol. 33, ed. Zanna, M. P., pp. 255–307. Academic Press.Google Scholar
Wright, R. A., Martin, R. E. & Bland, J. L. (2003) Energy resource depletion, task difficulty, and cardiovascular response to a mental arithmetic challenge. Psychophysiology 40:98–105.Google Scholar
Wright, R. A., Shim, J. J., Hogan, B. K., Duncan, J. & Thomas, C. (2012) Interactional influence of fatigue and task difficulty on cardiovascular response: Demonstrations involving an aerobic exercise challenge. Psychophysiology 49:1049–58. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2012.01390.x.Google Scholar
Wright, R. A. & Stewart, C. C. (2012) Multifaceted effects of fatigue on effort and associated cardiovascular responses. In: How motivation affects cardiovascular response: Mechanisms and applications, ed. Wright, R. A. & Gendolla, G. H. E., pp. 199–218. APA Press.Google Scholar