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Association between lifestyle patterns and overweight and obesity in adolescents: a systematic review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 January 2022

Luciana Jeremias Pereira Open the ORCID record for Luciana Jeremias Pereira [Opens in a new window] ,
Patrícia de Fragas Hinnig Open the ORCID record for Patrícia de Fragas Hinnig [Opens in a new window] ,
Luísa Harumi Matsuo Open the ORCID record for Luísa Harumi Matsuo [Opens in a new window] ,
Patrícia Faria Di Pietro Open the ORCID record for Patrícia Faria Di Pietro [Opens in a new window] ,
Maria Alice Altenburg de Assis Open the ORCID record for Maria Alice Altenburg de Assis [Opens in a new window]  and
Francilene Gracieli Kunradi Vieira Open the ORCID record for Francilene Gracieli Kunradi Vieira [Opens in a new window]
Luciana Jeremias Pereira
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
Patrícia de Fragas Hinnig
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
Luísa Harumi Matsuo
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
Patrícia Faria Di Pietro
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
Maria Alice Altenburg de Assis
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
Francilene Gracieli Kunradi Vieira*
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
*
*Corresponding author: Dr F. G. K. Vieira, email francilene.vieira@ufsc.br
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Abstract

The purpose of this systematic review was to summarise the evidence from observational studies regarding the association between lifestyle patterns and overweight and obesity in adolescents. To our knowledge, no review study has analysed this association in this age group. A systematic search was conducted in Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), Scopus, PubMed Central and Web of Science databases, with no language or time restrictions. Studies that included adolescents (10–19 years old) were selected using data-driven methods that combined the diet domain with at least one of the following behavioural domains: physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep. Twenty-one articles met all eligibility criteria. Of these, twelve studies were used for synthesising the results. Studies differed in many aspects, such as sample size, behavioural assessment tools, and lifestyle pattern and weight status indicators. Overall, cross-sectional studies found no association between lifestyle patterns and overweight and obesity, even when the data were stratified by sex. However, when analysing the results stratified by risk of bias, a positive association between predominantly unhealthy and mixed lifestyle patterns with overweight/obesity was identified in cross-sectional studies with moderate risk of bias. A prospective study revealed an increase in BMI over time associated with mixed and predominantly unhealthy lifestyle patterns. Current findings regarding the association between lifestyle patterns and overweight and obesity in adolescents are inconsistent. More studies are needed to clarify possible associations.

Keywords

DietPhysical activitySedentary behaviourSleep
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 129 , Issue 9 , 14 May 2023 , pp. 1626 - 1644
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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