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Trends in food intakes in Swedish adults 1986–1999: findings from the Northern Sweden MONICA (Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease) Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2007

Benno Krachler ,
Mats CE Eliasson ,
Ingegerd Johansson ,
G/ran Hallmans  and
Bernt Lindahl
Benno Krachler*
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Kalix Hospital, Skolgatan 1, S-952 82 Kalix, Sweden Behavioral Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
Mats CE Eliasson
Affiliation:
Behavioral Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden Department of Medicine, Sunderby Hospital, Luleå, Sweden
Ingegerd Johansson
Affiliation:
Department of Odontology and Cariology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
G/ran Hallmans
Affiliation:
Nutrition Research, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
Bernt Lindahl
Affiliation:
Behavioral Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
*
*Corresponding author: Email benno.krachler@medicin.umu.se
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Abstract

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Objective

To determine changes in reported food frequency in adults between 1986 and 1999.

Design

Four consecutive cross-sectional surveys.

Setting

Counties of Norrbotten and Västerbotten, Northern Sweden.

Subjects

The Northern Sweden MONICA (Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease) population, four independent cross-sectional surveys in 1986, 1990, 1994 and 1999. Randomly selected age-stratified samples of the population aged 25–64 years. Analysis is based on 2982 males and 3087 females who completed an 84-item food-frequency questionnaire.

Results

Between 1986 and 1999, average reported consumption of 3%-fat milk decreased from 42 to 7 intakes month-1 in men and from 28 to 4 intakes month-1 in women. Reported use of 1.5%-fat milk increased from 6 to 27 intakes month-1 in men and from 6 to 24 in women. Monthly intakes of potatoes and root vegetables decreased from 38 to 27 in men and from 39 to 32 in women. Consumption of pasta increased from 4 to 7 intakes month-1 in both sexes. Intakes of solid fats with 80% fat content dropped from 92 to 62 per month in men and from 78 to 52 per month in women, whereas use of 40%-fat spread increased from 12 to 22 intakes month-1 in men and from 5 to 26 in women. Monthly intakes of vegetable oil increased from 3 to 12 in men and from 3 to 15 in women. The percentage of overweight or obese individuals (body mass index >25 kg m-2) increased from 52 to 65% in men and from 41 to 52% in women (P for linear trend in all these changes, <0.001).

Conclusions

Our data indicate reduced consumption of foods with a high content of saturated fats. In spite of that, there is an unbroken trend towards increased obesity.

Keywords

Cross-sectional studyCross-sectional surveyDietDietary intakeDietary surveyFood consumptionFood frequencyMilkMONICASweden

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Volume 8 , Issue 6 , September 2005 , pp. 628 - 635
Copyright
Copyright © The Authors 2005

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