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Harmonic Scales as Faithfulness

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 June 2016

Darin Howe  and
Douglas Pulleyblank
Darin Howe
Affiliation:
University of Calgary
Douglas Pulleyblank
Affiliation:
University of British Columbia
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Abstract

Optimality Theory predicts that harmonic scales can be encoded in grammar in one of two ways: either as markedeness hierarchies or else as faithfulness hierarchies. Although most current researchers assume that harmony is encoded as markedness, many investigators have argued that some harmonic relations are better captured as faithfulness hierarchies that prevent the deletion or insertion of less harmonic elements. We demonstrate that at least two perceptually-motivated harmonic scales — notably relative vowel height as well as consonant glottalisation — need to be encoded in the grammar as faithfulness hierarchies which require that more harmonic elements, which are also more perceptible, are more faithfully adhered to. Our harmony-as-faithfulness analysis captures the fact that the same elements which undergo deletion also undergo insertion.

Résumé

Résumé

La théorie d’optimalité prédit que les hiérarchies harmoniques peuvent être encodées dans la grammaire de deux façons : soit comme une hiérarchie de marquage, ou comme une hiérarchie de fiabilité. Malgré le fait que la plupart des chercheurs prennent pour acquis l’idée que l’harmonie est encodée en terme de marquage, plusieurs linguistes ont proposés qu’il est préférable de concevoir les relations harmoniques comme étant des hiérarchies de fiabilité qui empêchent l’élision ou l’insertion des éléments moins harmoniques. Nous démontrons qu’au moins deux hiérarchies harmoniques—notamment la hauteur relative des voyelles ainsi que la glottalisation des consonnes — doivent être encodées dans la grammaire comme des hiéarchies de fiabilité qui exigent que les éléments plus harmoniques, qui sont aussi plus perceptibles, sont respectées de façon plus fiable. Notre analyse d’harmonie-comme-fiabilité rends compte du fait que les mêmes éléments qui subissent l’élision subissent aussi l’insertion.

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Articles
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Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique , Volume 49 , Issue 1 , March 2004 , pp. 1 - 49
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Copyright © Canadian Linguistic Association/Association canadienne de linguistique 2004 

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