Notes on language-specific symbols
Cirecire
This language has two clicks:
Clicks can appear with:
Other symbols used are:
- [c]
for non-voiced affricated palatal stop
- [dj]
for voiced affricated palatal stop
- [q]
for affricated uvular stop
Jaqaru
- “
aspiration
Kwakw’ala
- !
glottalization
- = before suffix
sonantized sound
- = before suffix
sonantized sound
Telugu
- T, D, N, L
= retroflex sounds
- t, d
= dentals
- ph, th, etc.
= aspirated sounds
- c, j
= post-alveolar affricates
Totonac
Orthography:
- x
= /∫/
- h
= /?/
- j
= /x/
- lh
= /Ë/
- tz
= /ts/
- ch
= /t∫/
- '
= laryngealization of preceding vowel
- ’
= glottalization of preceding consonant
Zulu
- C1, C2, C3, . . .
Zulu nouns are divided into classes, each with its own agreement pattern. Many of the classes are marked with an identifying prefix. These prefixes are glossed here as C1, C2, C3, etc. Odd-numbered classes from 1 to 11 are singular classes. Classes 2, 4, 6 and 10 are plural classes. Other classes (14 and 15) are used exclusively for non-count nouns. There are no classes 8, 12 or 13 in Zulu.
