Book contents
- Unicorns from Emerging Economies
- Unicorns from Emerging Economies
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Vignettes
- Contributors
- 1 Entrepreneurial Ecosystems from Emerging Markets and Their Unicorns: An Overview
- 2 Unicorns from Emerging Economies: A Framework for Analysing Their Genesis and Nature
- 3 Unicorns: From Silicon Valley to a Global Phenomenon?
- 4 Finding the Unicorns: A National Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Approach
- 5 Where Unicorns Are Born: Innovation Hubs in China
- 6 A Supply–Demand Model of Indian Start-Ups and Unicorns
- 7 Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Unicorns in Southeast Asia
- 8 Latin American Unicorn Firms: Transcending Entrepreneurial Hubs
- 9 Can the MENA Region Build Its Indigenous Start-Up Unicorns? Analysis of Unicorns and Soonicorns and the Supporting Entrepreneurship Ecosystem
- 10 Nurturing Unicorns and Entrepreneurial Ecosystems in Africa: Harnessing Policy Innovation for Digital Transformation
- 11 China Private Sector Innovators: Established Disruptors and New Challengers
- 12 Brazilian Unicorns and Their Triggers of Scalability
- 13 A Unicorn under Sanctions: The Case of Yandex
- 14 What Lies Ahead for Unicorns from Emerging Economies
- Glossary
- Index
- References
4 - Finding the Unicorns: A National Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Approach
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 December 2025
Book contents
- Unicorns from Emerging Economies
- Unicorns from Emerging Economies
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Vignettes
- Contributors
- 1 Entrepreneurial Ecosystems from Emerging Markets and Their Unicorns: An Overview
- 2 Unicorns from Emerging Economies: A Framework for Analysing Their Genesis and Nature
- 3 Unicorns: From Silicon Valley to a Global Phenomenon?
- 4 Finding the Unicorns: A National Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Approach
- 5 Where Unicorns Are Born: Innovation Hubs in China
- 6 A Supply–Demand Model of Indian Start-Ups and Unicorns
- 7 Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Unicorns in Southeast Asia
- 8 Latin American Unicorn Firms: Transcending Entrepreneurial Hubs
- 9 Can the MENA Region Build Its Indigenous Start-Up Unicorns? Analysis of Unicorns and Soonicorns and the Supporting Entrepreneurship Ecosystem
- 10 Nurturing Unicorns and Entrepreneurial Ecosystems in Africa: Harnessing Policy Innovation for Digital Transformation
- 11 China Private Sector Innovators: Established Disruptors and New Challengers
- 12 Brazilian Unicorns and Their Triggers of Scalability
- 13 A Unicorn under Sanctions: The Case of Yandex
- 14 What Lies Ahead for Unicorns from Emerging Economies
- Glossary
- Index
- References
Summary
This chapter assesses the conditions within entrepreneurial ecosystems and their impact on achieving specific levels of productive entrepreneurial outcome across developed and emerging economies, with special attention to companies that have attained unicorn status. Employing necessary condition analysis (NCA) across sixty countries between 2018–2020, we integrate data from various sources, including the national expert survey (NES) from the global entrepreneurship monitor (GEM), world development indicators (WDI) and private intelligence platforms (Crunchbase, CB Insights and Dealroom.co). Analysis reveals that entrepreneurial framework conditions significantly contribute to high-quality entrepreneurial outcomes like funded start-ups and unicorn companies; however, they are not as critical for other outcomes such as early-stage start-ups and established business ownership. We encourage policymakers to prioritise resources for ecosystem conditions maximising entrepreneurial outcomes, focusing particularly on high-quality entrepreneurship measures like start-ups and unicorns, which traditional metrics may not adequately capture. Findings highlight the positive association of various outcome measures of development, suggesting a correlation between entrepreneurial ecosystems parameters and socioeconomic development and innovation.
Keywords
Information
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Unicorns from Emerging EconomiesCreating Value through Technology and Innovation, pp. 94 - 128Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2026
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