When Roberto Clemente debuted with the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1955, baseball writers, Black and white, hailed him as the next great Black outfielder. When the Afro–Puerto Rican died on the last day of 1972, they remembered him as a Latin legend. Chapter 2 shows how – before the Immigration Act of 1965, before the addition of the “Spanish/Hispanic origin” question to the census form – Major League Baseball institutionalized a Black/brown color line. Management set Black and Latino teammates against one another, and Afro-Latinos found themselves, in Clemente’s words, “between the wall.”