This chapter unpacks how the discourse of postmodernism has informed conceptions of Scottish literary fiction since the 1980s. Focusing on the works of Alasdair Gray, James Kelman, Janice Galloway, Irvine Welsh, and Suhayl Saadi, it suggests that circumspection is required when reading their novels as endorsements of endless textual layers or celebrations of a seemingly liberating plurality of identities and voices. Whilst some works embrace a postmodern playfulness more unambiguously, many of the oft-cited examples of a putatively Scottish ‘postmodern’ tradition resist and challenge the ideological underpinnings of this new (meta)discourse. It therefore seems necessary to detangle these writers’ use of literary strategies which can be labelled postmodern from their overall commitment to mapping the concrete inequalities and divisions that structure the ‘postmodern’ world in their works. Accordingly, this chapter proposes that these writers employ postmodern techniques to counter postmodernism’s own apolitical implications with a quasi ‘post’-postmodern awareness.