Neuroendoscopy has evolved from its ancient Egyptian origins to a vital tool in modern neurosurgery. Initially, developments stagnated due to prohibitions on human dissection and technological limitations. The late eighteenth century saw advancements with Philipp Bozzini’s “Lichtleiter” and the invention of incandescent bulbs. Significant progress in the twentieth century included the first neuroendoscopy attempts and improvements in fiber optics by Harold Hopkins and Karl Storz. Neuroendoscopy became widely accepted in the 1980s for procedures such as ventriculoscopy and endonasal surgeries, driven by the need for less invasive techniques. Modern applications include spinal endoscopy and endoscopy-assisted surgeries. Innovations such as three-dimensional endoscopy, augmented reality, and remote teaching have expanded its use and accessibility globally, improving surgical outcomes and training. Despite technological challenges, neuroendoscopy continues to advance, offering promising future developments.