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2 - General Approaches on Urban Water Challenges

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 October 2025

Blanca Jiménez Cisneros
Affiliation:
Division of Water Sciences, UNESCO
Alexandros K. Makarigakis
Affiliation:
Natural Sciences Sector, UNESCO
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Summary

Chapter 2 provides a comprehensive overview within the constraints of urban water management evolution. The chapter navigates through historical periods, including the municipal sanitary engineering period, stormwater quantity regulation period, and sustainable development period, showcasing the transitions in addressing urban water challenges. It delves into the strategies employed during each phase, outlining the progression from traditional approaches to contemporary sustainable practices. The chapter also examines the evolution of terminology related to urban drainage and elucidates various types of urban drainage systems. Furthermore, it explores the significance of low impact development (LID) facilities in controlling urban runoff, emphasising their role in sustainable water management. The management of flood risk is a focal point of the chapter, with insights into strategies and practices employed globally, offering a comparative analysis of flood risk management approaches in selected countries.

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