Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-2lccl Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-27T02:49:49.483Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

4.—On the Structure of a Petrified Stem and some Associated Seeds from the Lower Carboniferous Rocks of East Lothian, Scotland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 July 2012

P. D. W. Barnard  and
A. G. Long
P. D. W. Barnard
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, University of Reading.
A. G. Long
Affiliation:
Hancock Museum, Newcastle upon Tyne.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Synopsis

The stem, Buteoxylon gordonianum gen. et sp. nov. was found in stratified ash-beds at Oxroad Bay, near Tantallon Castle. It consists of a terminal region, about 12 cm in length surrounded by 38 petioles borne at acute angles on the stem in a ⅖ phyllotactic spiral. The stelar anatomy resembles that of a Calamopitys with a mixed pith. The petiolar bundles, however, have a distinctive T-shape in cross-section unlike any known species of Calamopitys.

Associated with this fossil stem are numerous seeds of Tantallosperma setigera gen. et sp. nov. These are radially symmetrical, with four (rarely five or six) integumental lobes joined at grooves on the body of the seed but free apically where they bear numerous bristle-like hairs. The funnel-shaped salpinx is only slightly narrower than the lagenostome. Enclosed spherical pollen grains have a trilete mark and measure 60 μ in diameter. The average dimensions of the seeds are 5·9 × 1·1 mm.

Type
Research Article
Information
Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh , Volume 69 , Issue 4 , 1973 , pp. 91 - 108
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1973

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References to Literature

Alvin, K. L., 1965. A new fertile lycopod from the Lower Carboniferous of Scotland. Palaeontology, 8, 281–293.Google Scholar
Barnard, P. D. W., 1959. On Eosperma oxroadense gen. et sp. nov.: a new Lower Carboniferous seed from East Lothian. Ann. Bot., 23, 284–296.Google Scholar
Barnard, P. D. W., 1960 a. Calathospermum fimbriatum sp. nov., a Lower Carboniferous pteridosperm cupule from Scotland. Palaeontology, 3, 265–275.Google Scholar
Barnard, P. D. W., 1960 b. Studies on some Lower Carboniferous plants from East Lothian. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. Lond.Google Scholar
Barnard, P. D. W., 1962. Revision of the genus Amyelon Williamson. Palaeontology, 5, 213–224.Google Scholar
Beck, C. B., 1957. Tetraxylopteris schmidtii gen. et sp. nov., a probable pteridosperm precursor from the Devonian of New York. Am. J. Bot., 44, 350–367.Google Scholar
Beck, C. B., 1970. The appearance of gymnospermous structure. Biol. Rev., 45, 379–400.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beck, C. B., 1971. On the anatomy and morphology of lateral branch systems of Archaeopteris. Am. J. Bot., 58, 758–784.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bertrand, P., Böhm, R. et Corsin, P., 1935. Découverte d'une flore dans les Lydiennes du Carbonifère de la Montagne Noire. C.R.Hebd. Séanc. Acad. Sci. Paris, 200, 1344.Google Scholar
Böhm, R., 1935. Etude sur la flora de l'horizon à Lydiennes de la base due Carbonifère de la Montagne Noire. Montpellier, 1–29.Google Scholar
Galtier, J., 1970. Recherches sur les végétaux à structure conservée du Carbonifère inférieur français. Paleobiologie Continentale, 1, 155.Google Scholar
Gordon, W. T., 1935. The Genus Pitys, Witham, Emend. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinb., 58, 279–311.Google Scholar
Gordon, W. T., 1938. On Tetrastichia bupatides—a Carboniferous pteridosperm from East Lothian. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinb., 59, 351–370.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gordon, W. T., 1941. On Salpingostoma dasu—a new Carboniferous seed from East Lothian. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinb., 60, 427–464.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kidston, R., 1923. Lyginorachis papilio Kidston in Scott, D. H., Studies in Fossil Botany, 2, 57–60.Google Scholar
Kidston, R. and Gwynne-Vaughan, D. T., 1912. On the Carboniferous flora of Berwickshire—Part 1, Stenomyelon tuedianum Kidston. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinb., 48, 263–271.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kräusel, R. and Weyland, H., 1923. Beitrage zu kenntniss der Devonflora: Senckenbergiana, 5, 154–184.Google Scholar
Long, A. G., 1960. Stamnostoma huttonense gen. et sp. nov.—a pteridosperm seed and cupule from the Calciferous Sandstone Series of Berwickshire. Trans Roy. Soc. Edinb., 64, 201–215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Long, A. G., 1961 a. Some pteridosperm seeds from the Calciferous Sandstone Series of Berwickshire. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinb., 64, 401–419.Google Scholar
Long, A. G., 1961 b. Tristichia ovensi gen. et sp. nov., a protostelic Lower Carboniferous pteridosperm from Berwickshire and East Lothian, with an account of some associated seeds and cupules. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinb., 64, 477–489.Google Scholar
Long, A. G., 1963. Some specimens of Lyginorachis papilio Kidston associated with stems of Pitys. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinb., 65, 211–224.Google Scholar
Long, A. G., 1964. Some specimens of Stenomyelon and Kalymma from the Calciferous Sandstone Series of Berwickshire. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinb., 65, 435–447.Google Scholar
Long, A. G., 1971. A new interpretation of Lepidodendron calamopsoides Long and Oxroadia gracilis Alvin. Trans. Roy. Soc, Edinb., 68, 491–506.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matten, Lawrence C. and Banks, Harlan P., 1966. Triloboxylon ashlandicum gen. and sp. n. from the Upper Devonian of New York. Am. J. Bot. 53, 1020–1028.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nathorst, A. G., 1914. Nachträge zur Paläozoischen Flora Spitzbergens. Zur Fossilen Flora der Polarländer, 1, IV, p. 33, pl. 15, figs. 69, 70.Google Scholar
Read, Charles B., 1936. The Flora of the New Albany shale—Part 1, Diichnia kentuckiensis a new representative of the Calamopityeae. Prof. Pap. U.S. Geol. Surv., 185–H, 149–161.Google Scholar
Seward, A. C., 1917. Fossil Plants, 3, p. 364 and fig. 506 F. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Unger, F., 1856. Beitrag zur paläontologie des Thüringer Waldes—Teil II, Schiefer und sandstein Flora. Denkschr. Akad. Wiss., Wien, 11, 139–186.Google Scholar