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This chapter offers a brief outline of Gurwitsch’s career in the first half of his life, in Germany until 1932 and in France between 1932 and 1938. It then considers in detail the texts, published and unpublished at the time, which he produced in this period. It provides detailed analysis of his doctoral and Habilitation theses and of the texts which he produced in the period when he was mentor to Merleau-Ponty. It concludes with a summary of the correlations between these social and intellectual trajectories.
This chapter presents a reading of Unforgiven (1992), situating this film within a paradigmatic shift in the extension of due process protections for minorities, and the transformation of American self-defense doctrine brought about through a focus on battered women.
This chapter is based on a close study of the memoirs and diaries of Alexei Nikolaevich Kuropatkin (1848–1925), appointed Governor-General of Turkestan in August 1916 and tasked with suppressing the 1916 revolt. It shows that Kuropatkin was heavily influenced by his memories of the Russian campaigns of conquest in Central Asia, in which he had participated as a young man in the 1860s–1880s, and by the imagined legacy of the first Turkestan Governor-General, Konstantin Petrovich von Kaufman (1818–1882). This helps to explain the disproportionate use of force and violence by Russian forces in suppressing the revolt.
This section begins by briefly examining the historical provenance of the poetic trope of awakening and its significance within radical culture prior to Peterloo, as well as those poems and songs written in the immediate aftermath of the massacre, thereby highlighting the intertextual dialogue between the poems which is illustrated not only by an ideological unity but also by the commonality of motifs, forms, styles and even tunes. Shelley’s Masque of Anarchy provides a well-known example of this trope and is used in the introduction to this section as an illustration of how radical poems and songs in the Romantic period utilised revolutionary discourse dating back to the sixteenth century. The section comprises ten poems which are exhortatory ballads or apostrophes. At times of national crisis, poets have called on their readers to ‘arise’ and awaken’, often drawing on those past events to prove that, if England could get rid of two kings, it could certainly get rid of a third.
This chapter explains the epistemological and ontological positions of the book and clarifies the methodology used for this study. The chapter examines the linguistic turn in the social sciences and establishes the relation between reality and language. Influenced by the work of Ludwig Wittgenstein, it argues that language is constitutive of reality and thus matters for how we understand the world. Second, the chapter excavates the role of language in securitisation theory to foreground the central argument about linguistic practice. Lastly, the chapter introduces three key linguistic aspects that play an important part in the book: strategic narratives, indirect speech acts and framing Islam as a non-security issue.
This chapter discusses W. H. Auden's household servants. The servants were present by default an essay when he contemplated the lessons taught to middle-class children of the era about relationships with working-class people. Auden may have hated dirt and disorganisation, but he had never learned how to put things right, such as his notorious habit of peeing in wash basins and being stingy with lavatory paper. However, the servant stories from Ischia are more amusing than the dirty ones. There were servants in the Solihull and Harborne households; maids and cooks, cleaners, gardeners, and odd-job men at his preparatory and public schools, and at his Oxford college. He also possessed a theology of service, or a theology of servants, believing that in literature, at least, a figure like Jeeves in P. J. Wodehouse's cycle of novels expressed Christianity's highest form of love.
Heliodorus's complex account of the love, separation, loss and reunion of Theagenes and Charikleia may well be 'the longest comic plot in history'. An Ethiopian Story contains Charikleia's biography from the moment of conception, literally ab ovo. To Renaissance translators, the devotion, self-governance, ethics and morality of Theagenes and Chariklea, coupled with the exemplary kingship of Hydaspes, epitomise the qualities of the ideal representative monarch. Melanchthon's blessing increased the significance of Warschewiczki's edition, and An Ethiopian Story, to generations of philhellene Protestants. The first English appearance of An Ethiopian Story was in James Sanford or Sandford's The Amorous and Tragicall Tales of Plutarch. Heliodorus first appears in English verse in 1591, tucked into the end of Abraham Fraunce's volume of trademark hexameter verse, The Countess of Pembroke's Ivychurch.
West Sussex was a classic zone on the receiving end of the increasing economic divisions in the national story. Turmoil in rural Sussex had been rife at the turn of the century, marked by harvest failures, disorder and protest about food monopolies and inflated prices. Emigration from Sussex to remote Australia was riskier. Sometimes a local Sussex parish intervened and provided assistance to poor emigrants, in effect to paupers. Emigration was only one of many solutions to the problem of rural poverty in the district and across the nation. Much more common in the years before 1830 were certain initiatives taken to promote the emigration of poor people from Sussex, mainly to Canada and the United States. These schemes were led by local philanthropists and landowners seeking to diminish the burdens of poor relief.