The act of presenting an address was critical to its political value. It was the act of presenting the text at Court that provided addressers with vital political access. A well-received address could not only benefit the presenters themselves (who were sometimes honoured or treated by authority) but could also secure important concessions from authority. The performance of addressing was therefore often highly strategic. Both Charles II and James II used the ritual of addressing to manage power relations but, in the case of James II, this management became clumsier and less sensitive the established protocols around who could approach the Crown.

This chapter analyses how the Shrewsburys’ servants’ letters represent the micropolitics of their employers’ combined or dispersed households throughout the turbulent 1580s, revealing that they used a range of rhetorical techniques, such as positive and negative characterisation, deferential and emotional language, strongly worded advice and practical problem-solving to perform their duties and demonstrate their allegiance at all costs. It concludes with reflections on the significance of servants’ emotional, political and epistolary engagements.

This chapter examines the diversity of Neolithic cave burial practices after around 3800 BC. In this period there is evidence of a secondary burial rite which is focussed on the cranium. There is also one possible example of mummification or the curation of body parts as part of extended funerary practices. Other secondary burial rites can be recognised in a small number of sites. There are also a very small number of primary burials. The most common burial rite in this period is successive inhumation, which is well documented at a number of sites. There are also sites where multi-stage rites of some kind clearly took place, but without sufficiently well-preserved evidence to describe them in more detail; and other sites where there are Early Neolithic dates determined from poorly understood single bones. This diversity of burial practice seems to be linked to the fact that all of these different kinds of rite are also attested at other kinds of Early Neolithic site as well as caves.

This chapter starts by examining the experiences and treatment of British POWs in Korea before exploring how they were regarded by British society upon their return. This chapter traces the broader cultural implications of Korean War captivity in Britain, emphasising the lived experience of imprisonment for British POWs, before examining how the term brainwashing emerged from rumours and half-truths about Korean War captivity. It explores both the popular and official responses to allegations of brainwashing and its broader cultural significance within post-1945 Britain.

This chapter assesses the situation of the wives and husbands of those involved in illicit relationships. Contemporary culture identified the cuckold as a figure of public ridicule; he was judged by an act in which he did not participate, and the legitimacy and inheritance of his children might be brought into question. For elite wives, philandering husbands brought into question their roles as authority figures. If the husband’s affair was with another member of the nobility or gentry, it might very directly undercut the wife’s position in courtly and regional society, as on the occasion that George Clifford, earl of Cumberland’s mistress acted as hostess to King James in 1603 when Clifford’s wife Margaret was herself present. The chapter considers the gendered concepts implicit within contemporary attitudes towards ‘the wronged spouse’, the cuckold derided by wider society and viewed as unable to exert control over his wife; or the ‘virtuous’, pious, long-suffering wife developed particularly in the works of Samuel Daniel. It sets this alongside the evidence for the accommodation of their situations by many, seen e.g. in the role of noble and gentry wives in property transactions and testamentary dispositions which involved bastard children and even mistresses.

This chapter examines how citizenship and selfhood were subtly recalibrated through conscription in Cold War Britain and uncovers details of the lives of young national servicemen in Korea. It begins with a discussion of military citizenship in the era of the Korean War, before turning to specific moments in national service life. Starting with recruitment (a recurring feature in most memoirs of national service), it explores the significance of masculinity, age, class and humour for the young men who were sent to Korea during their two years’ service. Together with the previous chapter, it sets out again the importance of experience to the social history of the Korean War in Britain. It considers how opinions on national service further informed the British views of the Korean War and how, like Korea, national service fitted uneasily within the narratives of post-war British society and culture. Like Korea, was national service obligatory, unglamorous and potentially of limited overall purpose?

In the Conclusion, the authors bring together the main strands in this volume, arguing that Irish political journalism has maintained a code of critical impartiality in the face of the unpopularity of their profession, profound economic, political, and social change, as well as an ongoing revolution in the technology and business model underlying the industry. Overall, the findings demonstrate that despite all these changes over the past half-century Irish election coverage has been remarkably resilient.

Australia’s first Migration Museum in Adelaiderecognised from its inception in 1986 thatrepresenting migration history could not be donewithout acknowledging its intimate association withcolonisation and the dispossession of indigenouspeople. Its first move, therefore, was to create adistinction between all migrants, a category thatincluded British ‘settlers’, and IndigenousAustralians. This was significant not only becauseit implicated colonisation within migration historybut because it made all non-Indigenous Australiansmigrants. The move though, was not easy toestablish, largely because, in the publicimagination, migrants were the other to mainstreamor ‘British Australia’. In the mid-1990s, however,it seemed to work as Australia was indeed seen as acountry that was relatively successful inintegrating various waves of migration into itshistorical narratives while valuing culturaldiversity and recognising the prior occupation ofthe land by Aboriginal people. The ‘War on terror’,the arrival of asylum seekers and the threat ofinternal terrorist attacks, along with changes inimmigration policy and a general climate of fearhave changed that, and migration museums are nowworking to combat a new wave of racism. To do so, Iargue, they have developed a new set of curatorialstrategies that aim to facilitate an exploration ofthe complexity of contemporary forms of identity.This chapter provides a history of the developmentof curatorial strategies that have helped to changethe ways in which relations between ‘us’ and ‘them’have changed over the years in response to changesin the wider public discourse. My focus is on bothcollecting and display practices, from changes towhat is collected and how it is displayed, to thechanging role of personal stories, the relationshipbetween curators and the communities they work with,and the role of exhibition design in structuring thevisitor experience.

Chapter 4 examines department store retail in the second half of the nineteenth century to understand how the interior decorating schemes proposed on paper by the various professions discussed above could materialize in the homes of middle-class consumers. In doing so, the chapter argues that department stores were eager to align themselves with the thriving market in artistic interior decoration designs, contributing to the further popularization of this new art form. Through their full-scale model rooms inside the store as much as through their widely distributed and highly illustrated furniture catalogs, the Grands Magasins du Louvre, Au Bon Marché, Le Printemps, Au Petit St.-Thomas, and the Grands Magasins Dufayel brought the image of the most modern furniture and matching interiors to life, right in front of customers’ eyes. By selling the same furniture combinations and decorative schemes in a variety of materials, these stores catered to several social groups at once. Further, by offering personalized interior decorating services to those customers who wished to obtain an exclusive décor, French department stores in the second half of the nineteenth century became themselves early forerunners of the twentieth-century profession of interior designer.

The JFTC’s independence is unusual within Japan’s political tradition. As demonstrated in the 1977 Anti-monopoly Act (AMA) amendment, the commission’s independence emerged as a notable element characterising policy-making in anti-monopoly regulation. The prioritisation of the sector after the 1990s gradually changed the conditions surrounding and shaping anti-monopoly regulation. This change had the potential to reframe the JFTC and the sector including the commission’s independence and state capacity within the sector. Prompted by the above observations, this chapter examines the JFTC’s independence and state capacity within the sector. It first pinpoints the independent characteristics of the JFTC. What follows is an assessment of the impact of transformation through an analysis of the capacity of the state in anti-monopoly regulation. The third section pulls together the points raised in both the previous chapter and this chapter and considers the nature of state transformation in anti-monopoly regulation after the 1980s.