This book explores the often contradictory representations of and advice given to Irish women in home-grown magazines published in the 1960s. Woman’s Way is explored, alongside the lesser-known titles Woman’s View, Woman’s Choice and Young Woman. These magazines guided readers on how to attract a husband, maintain their marriage and raise a family. But they were also manuals for modern living, and an inclusive reading of them offers a fresh perspective on domestic ideology and the role of women. Editors pushed at traditional expectations cautiously, careful not to alienate any section of their readers. Nonetheless, they advocated that readers be active citizens, and they sought to educate, as well as entertain. The magazines addressed and debated such women’s issues as the body and reproductive rights, working wives and equal pay. They also drew attention to the needs of women otherwise on the margins of society – widows, unmarried mothers and the never-married woman. This book argues for a reassessment of the women’s movement in Ireland, to allow for a broader understanding of the actors who contributed to the demand for change. It provides an analysis of the ways that Woman’s Way and its competitor titles subverted traditional understandings of the role of women and their position in society. A woman’s place? considers the motivations of editors, the role of readers and the influence of advertisers in shaping complex debates about women, their lives and their rights in 1960s Ireland.

Diodoros of Sicily (c.90–c.30 BC) spent thirty years producing an encyclopedic compendium of world history from its mythical beginnings to his own day. His is the only surviving, connected account of Greek affairs from 480/79 to 302/1. The books translated in this volume offer the best account of the career of Philip II of Macedon, his conquest of Greece and his assassination, as well as the earliest extant history of the career of Alexander the Great. Book 16 is also the main source for the Persian re-conquest of Egypt by Artaxerxes III (Okhos), the seizure of Delphi by the Phokians in the Third Sacred War, and Athens' defeat by a coalition of her allies in the Social War. The translation is supported by extensive notes, and the Introduction examines Diodoros' moral and educational purpose in writing, the plan of his work, his sources, and his qualities as a historian.

This collection examines the representation of medicine and medical practices in period drama on television. It explores the fascination that the genre has with the history of illness and the medical profession, which is apparent in the huge number of shows which have medicine as either their narrative focus or as important subplots. Chapter topics are interdisciplinary in nature and range from the professionalisation of medicine in Poldark to the representation of mental illness in Peaky Blinders. This volume reflects on the ways popular culture has constructed and considered the frailty of the human body, the progress – or otherwise – of science, the intersection of medicine, race, class, and gender, and the provision of public healthcare. These dramas do not only reveal much about how we view our corporeal past, however. All these issues are still pertinent today, and frequently they also function as a commentary on, and often a critique of, the issues surrounding medicine in the present day – in particular debates around public health provision, the politics of reproduction, genetic testing and research, and global pandemics.

During the Brexit debates, questions about the nation’s political future were continually framed in terms of feelings. The referendum was seen as a conflict between reason and resentment, fear and hope, heads and hearts. The eventual Leave vote was widely interpreted (by both its supporters and detractors) as the triumph of passion over rationality. Its aftermath was marked by intense concern about the feelings generated on both sides and their consequences for British political culture. The capacity of this question to tear through personal relations and to provoke emotional encounters between strangers became as much a part of the debate on Brexit as the political and economic issues it raised. These stories about feelings had political consequences. They shaped the way people experienced their own feelings and those of others. In this book, we listen to the stories of ‘ordinary’ people writing about their experiences of Brexit for the Mass Observation Project. We look at how they used public narratives about the role of feelings in political life to make sense of the referendum and its aftermath. But we also show how they resisted and re-made these stories as they interpreted their own feelings and the feelings they encountered (and imagined) in other people.

The law of the sea is an up-to-date and comprehensive treatment of this branch of public international law. It begins by tracing the historical origins of the law of the sea and explaining its sources, notably the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. This is followed by chapters examining the various maritime zones into which the sea is legally divided, namely internal waters, the territorial sea, archipelagic waters, the contiguous zone, the continental shelf, the exclusive economic zone, the high seas and the International Seabed Area. In each case the legal nature of the zone and its physical dimensions are analysed. Separate chapters deal with the baselines from which the breadths of most maritime zones are delineated and the law governing the delimitation of boundaries between overlapping maritime zones. Later chapters discuss how international law regulates the safety of navigation, fisheries and scientific research, and provides for protection of the marine environment from pollution and biodiversity loss. The penultimate chapter addresses the question of landlocked States and the sea. The final chapter outlines the various ways in which maritime disputes may be settled. Throughout the book detailed reference is made not only to the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, but also to other relevant instruments, the burgeoning case law of international courts and tribunals, and the academic literature.

Pointing is a fundamental gesture that connects individuals with their social and physical worlds. Whether communicating information about the external environment or serving to clarify to whom or what someone is referring, pointing may appear to be a uniquely human and universal action. However, it develops in varied social and cultural contexts, and even some nonhuman species point and can understand pointing cues. While there has been substantial research on the cultural, developmental, and evolutionary aspects of pointing, these perspectives remain fragmented. This book bridges this gap by bringing together leading scholars from cognitive psychology, evolutionary anthropology and biology, animal behavior, developmental psychology, and comparative psychology to synthesize current findings, highlight emerging directions, and provide students and researchers with a comprehensive view of the field.

In an era of data protection, social networking and surveillance, privacy is an area of major political disagreement and social conflict. Privacy law and regulation is complex and unwieldy. Some influential figures have even argued that privacy is a meaningless concept, others that it is outdated or, in the digital age, ‘impossible’. Almost all commentators agree that privacy is deeply problematic. This book argues that this pessimism is wrong, and that there is remarkably agreement about what privacy is, and its extent. Where we disagree is over our experience of privacy and how much (and when) we value it. The aim of this book is to place the disparate privacy literature (philosophical, legal, political, sociological, historical, technological) in context and to point out areas of agreement, dispute and conceptual confusion. In particular, the aim is to describe seven different privacy discourses that are often confused or elided, concerning: privacy concepts; privacy architectures; the phenomenology of privacy; privacy preferences; social norms; law and regulation; and politics, ethics and rights. Keeping these distinct doesn’t solve all privacy problems but shows the areas of dispute with far greater clarity.

Global white nationalism is a path-breaking transnational history of white nationalism in the English-speaking world from the post-World War II period to the present. Nine chapters from leading experts in the histories of Australia, Britain, southern Africa, and the United States explore the roots of the contemporary resurgence of white supremacy evident in terrorist violence and electoral gains by the racist right. After 1945, this book shows, white nationalism emerged across the English-speaking world as a response to the forces of decolonization, civil rights, mass migration, and the rise of international institutions such as the United Nations. Far from a disappearing ideology, white supremacy proved resilient and adaptive. As opposition to apartheid rallied anti-racists globally, apartheid and Rhodesian independence sustained white nationalists who fantasized about bygone eras of imperial British or American greatness. In the era of decolonization and civil rights, white nationalists—those on the far right and those closer to the mainstream of conservative politics—formed key connections with counterparts throughout the world. Uncovering this transnational history for the first time, Global white nationalism is essential to understanding white nationalism today.

This book highlights one of the most fascinating aspects of the history of early modern plague. Any understanding of the plague-spreading conspiracies in the western Alps during the century after 1530 will have to overcome a number of interpretative hurdles. It considers Geneva's previous experiences of plague before discussing the actual events of 1530, the first appearance of the plague-spreading phenomenon. Geneva evidences that the city's magistrates were following the best practices for dealing with the disease being developed in northern Italy. Those implicated in the conspiracies were usually poor female migrants working in the plague hospitals under the direction of educated professional male barber-surgeons. These 'conspirators' were subsequently tried for spreading plague among leading and wealthy people from urban areas so that they could rob them while the afflicted homeowners were confined to their beds. The book examines the courts, the judiciary and the part played by torture in the trials, which frequently concluded with the spectacular and gruesome execution of the suspects. It considers the socio-economic conditions of the workers and in doing so highlights an early modern form of 'class warfare'.

Unearthing primary sources from a large transatlantic archive, this first book-length study of asylum periodicals in the nineteenth century traces the origins and early spread of periodical publishing in mental institutions in Britain, the United States, and the rest of the world. It connects the rise of asylum periodicals with developments in publishing, literary culture, and the treatment of madness, illuminating the social and print networks that supported their spread. Examining the complicated relationships involved in asylum publishing, Mila Daskalova highlights the role of print in self-expression, community building and identity formation. It shows that patients employed these publications to navigate their institutional reality and to interact with each other and the world. Rather than powerless recipients of care or abuse, periodical contributors participated actively in their treatment and cultural and social life within and beyond the institutions. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.

This monograph provides a history of popular media representations of Italian youth from 1958 to 1975, the period that is commonly regarded as marking the birth of a distinctive youth culture in Italy. Analysing youth-oriented media products such as teen magazines, Musicarelli films and television programmes, it explores the way in which a ‘youth’ category was constructed, contested and transformed in Italian popular culture. To do so, this study examines discourses around young people’s style and bodily practices: by looking at visual and written representations of trends conceived for a young audience, it investigates changes in the social construction of Italian youth’s political, generational, national, ethnic and gendered identity.Fashioning Italian youth has three main objectives. First, it demonstrates how popular media contributed to identifying youth as a separate category in Italian society. The book traces a fundamental transformation from 1958 to the mid-1970s, namely the passage from the representation of a homogenous youth culture strongly influenced by global trends, to the fragmentation of this unitary construction, and the emergence of multiple Italian youth identities in the mid-1970s. Second, this monograph explores the relationship between media representations of Italian youth identity and the changing societal perceptions of youth in Italy during the 1960s and 1970s. The chronological analysis connects the emergence of different trends – such as the beat and the hippie trend – to historical accounts of youth culture nationally and globally. Third, this study explores the transnational dynamiThis monograph provides a history of popular media representations of Italian youth from 1958 to 1975, the period that is commonly regarded as marking the birth of a distinctive youth culture in Italy. Analysing youth-oriented media products such as teen magazines, Musicarelli films and television programmes, it explores the way in which a ‘youth’ category was constructed, contested and transformed in Italian popular culture. To do so, this study examines discourses around young people’s style and bodily practices: by looking at visual and written representations of trends conceived for a young audience, it investigates changes in the social construction of Italian youth’s political, generational, national, ethnic and gendered identity.Fashioning Italian youth has three main objectives. First, it demonstrates how popular media contributed to identifying youth as a separate category in Italian society. The book traces a fundamental transformation from 1958 to the mid-1970s, namely the passage from the representation of a homogenous youth culture strongly influenced by global trends, to the fragmentation of this unitary construction, and the emergence of multiple Italian youth identities in the mid-1970s. Second, this monograph explores the relationship between media representations of Italian youth identity and the changing societal perceptions of youth in Italy during the 1960s and 1970s. The chronological analysis connects the emergence of different trends – such as the beat and the hippie trend – to historical accounts of youth culture nationally and globally. Third, this study explores the transnational dynamics that contributed to the construction of a specifically Italian youth culture.

Mexico City was America's largest city in the seventeenth century – a genuine metropolis. In this deeply researched book, Tatiana Seijas reveals a rich tapestry of stories about essential workers who remade and transformed the city during this period. Her narrative style carries readers to a unique place and time with residents from around the world who sold food, facilitated transportation, provided care, and valued the city's silver. Free and enslaved people from Africa and Asia, immigrants, and Native Americans pursued opportunities in a wealthy, yet deeply unequal environment, where working people claimed parts of the city for themselves. They carved out spaces to create new businesses and protect their livelihoods, altering the cityscape itself in the process. American Metropolis brings Mexico City to life from the perspective of the working people who transformed this early modern metropolis.

The many lives of corruption begins the task of piecing together the bigger picture of how corruption has undermined public life in modern Britain. It offers a uniquely expansive perspective, which stretches from the Old Corruption and ‘unreformed’ politics of the eighteenth century through to the mass democracy and welfare state of the twentieth.Conceptually, as an object of thought, as much as practicably, and as an object of reform, corruption has proved tenaciously problematic and protean. This volume engages with both of these crucial aspects, arguing that it is only by grasping them together that we can fully understand how corruption has shaped the making of a democratic-capitalist state in Britain and given rise to new ideals of public service. It examines the factors that have facilitated and frustrated anticorruption reforms, as well as the various ways ‘corruption’ has been conceived by historical agents. It does so across a range of different sites – electoral, political and administrative, domestic and colonial – presenting new research on neglected areas of reform, while revisiting well-known scandals and corrupt practices. The many lives of corruption is essential reading for all scholars interested in understanding how the pursuit of purity in British public life has evolved over the past two and a half centuries – and why corruption remains such a pressing issue today.

Combining historical insight with contemporary theory, this book demonstrates that Kant's aesthetics can ground a robust theory of art criticism. It challenges the widespread view that Kant's rejection of aesthetic testimony – the idea that we cannot simply adopt someone else's judgment without firsthand experience – and his dismissal of general rules such as 'symmetry guarantees beauty' or 'a tragic ending ensures depth' leave critics powerless. If testimony and rules are excluded, evaluations such as 'Blade Runner is a masterpiece' lose authority, while descriptions like 'most of the story takes place in perpetual rain and darkness' seem irrelevant to the critic's evaluation. Kantian Art Criticism locates the solution in Kant's overlooked judgments of perfection such as 'the film innovates within the neo-noir genre.' It reimagines what critical communication can be by positioning these judgments as mediators. They guide aesthetic evaluations and draw support from descriptions of a work's nonaesthetic features.

This book explores the depiction of domestic life in British films made and released during the Second World War and the immediate postwar years. It closely examines the modes of address used to picture home in a selection of feature films including Love on the Dole, It Always Rains on Sunday, This Happy Breed, The Captive Heart, Spring in Park Lane, The Glass Mountain, Brief Encounter and The Small Back Room. Exemplary of popular modes of address shaping onscreen homes in this period, these films encompass realist mappings of industrial working-class homes, domestic landscapes infused with pastoral imagery, dream palaces offering escape and uncanny homes characterised by interiority and introspection. Picturing home explores how such depictions of domestic life engaged with modes of address established during the interwar years. These modes featured in Picture Post magazine’s photo-essays, illustrations of peaceful domestic interiors in Ideal Home magazine, displays at the Daily Mail Ideal Home Exhibition, advertisements for modern furnishings and fittings, and in women’s magazine stories – all of which conveyed ideas of conservative, domestic and suburban culture and modernity. Through a close analysis of the films in question and of extra-cinematic culture surrounding the suburban home, this book offers a new reading of British films in the 1940s as reimagining interwar visions of modernity, and, as such, looking to the prewar past while also laying claim to the postwar future.

How do secular Jewish-Israeli millennials feel about the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, having come of age in the shadow of the failed Oslo peace process, when political leaders have used ethno-religious rhetoric as a dividing force? This is the first book to analyse blowback to Palestinian and Jewish-Israeli religious nationalism among this group in their own words. It is based on fieldwork, interviews and surveys conducted after the 2014 Gaza War. Offering a close reading of the lived experience and generational memory of participants, it offers a new explanation for why attitudes to Occupation have grown increasingly conservative over the past two decades. It examines the intimate emotional ecology of Occupation, offering a new argument about neo-Romantic conceptions of citizenship among this group. Beyond the case study, it also offers a new theoretical framework and research methods for researchers and students studying emotion, religion, nationalism, secularism and political violence around the world.

Home economics offers an innovative, comparative history of domestic service in southern Africa’s post-colonial cities. Focusing on Lusaka and drawing wider comparisons, it provides the first in-depth study of domestic service in Black households in the region. Drawing on rich oral histories and diverse documentary sources, it develops a new theoretical approach which, for the first time, brings wage and kin-based domestic labour and child and adult workers into a single frame of analysis. In so doing, it challenges the narrow focus of existing scholarship and policymaking and breaks new ground in the theorisation of work. The book traces how Black employers and workers adapted existing models of domestic service rooted in colonial labour relations and African kinship structures, revealing how waged domestic service was gradually undermined by increased reliance on extended family networks and the labour of young female kin. It demonstrates how women and girls pursued employment in and came to dominate both kin-based and waged domestic service. It also explores efforts to regulate and organise these largely informal and intimate forms of work, and the gendered and generational impacts of such interventions. This rich and timely study provides essential insights into the nature of gender, work, and urban economies across southern Africa. It reveals the strategies that children, women, and men have pursued to support themselves and their dependants in the face of economic decline, precarious employment, and stark inequalities, and shows how gender, age, class, and kinship have shaped work within and beyond the home.

Middle English literature registers intimate concerns with sleep and the spaces in which it takes place. These concerns about sleep, and the intersecting medical and moral discourses with which they engage, have been overlooked by studies more concerned with what sleep sometimes enables (dreams and dream poetry), or with what sleep sometimes stands in for or supersedes (sex). In the medieval English imagination, sleep is an embodied and culturally determined act, both performed and interpreted by characters and contemporaries; both subject to a particular habitus, and understood through particular, and pervasive, hermeneutic lenses. This book argues that sleep mediates thematic concerns and questions in ways that carry specific ethical, affective and oneiric implications in the medieval English cultural imagination, and that also offer defining contributions to different Middle English genres: romance, dream vision, drama and fabliau. Concentrating particularly on the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, this book also attends to a longue durée in the literature and ideas about sleep circulating from the twelfth century to the early seventeenth. It focuses on continuities in the construction of sleep across this span – scientific, social, spiritual and spatial continuities – and explores the cultural specificity of premodern English literature’s widespread interest in sleep. Analysing the ways in which representations of sleep in a range of genres animate ethical codes and emotive scripts, this book’s contributions include establishing the significance of sleep-related motifs to Middle English romance, and offering a more embodied understanding of dream visions by Chaucer, Langland and the Pearl-poet.

The Blunt Affair: Official secrecy and treason in literature, television and film, 1980–89 examines a number of significant plays, films and novels about or related to the Cambridge spies from the time of Anthony Blunt’s unmasking as the “fourth man” in late 1979 to the end of the Cold War. This study argues that these works collectively offer a forceful response to issues at the forefront of British politics and culture in the decade, such as the rise in anti-gay sentiment and policies during the AIDs crisis, nuclear proliferation and CND’s stand against it, state secrecy and the abuse of the Official Secrets Act, Thatcherism and patriotic imperatives. This study also offers a much-needed reassessment of the literary and filmic culture of the decade, arguing that these texts, by writers as diverse as Dennis Potter, Julian Mitchell, Alan Bennett, Tom Stoppard, John le Carré, Robin Chapman and Hugh Whitemore, deserve a more central place in the cultural assessment of the decade.

The well-being of Europe’s citizens depends less on individual consumption and more on their social consumption of essential goods and services – from water and retail banking to schools and care homes – in what we call the foundational economy. Individual consumption depends on market income, while foundational consumption depends on social infrastructure and delivery systems of networks and branches, which are neither created nor renewed automatically, even as incomes increase. This historically created foundational economy has been wrecked in the last generation by privatisation, outsourcing, franchising and the widespread penetration of opportunistic and predatory business models. The distinctive, primary role of public policy should therefore be to secure the supply of basic services for all citizens (not a quantum of economic growth and jobs). Reconstructing the foundational has to start with a vision of citizenship that identifies foundational entitlements as the conditions for dignified human development, and likewise has to depend on treating the business enterprises central to the foundational economy as juridical persons with claims to entitlements but also with responsibilities and duties. If the aim is citizen well-being and flourishing for the many not the few, then European politics at regional, national and EU level needs to be refocused on foundational consumption and securing universal minimum access and quality. If/when government is unresponsive, the impetus for change has to come from engaging citizens locally and regionally in actions which break with the top down politics of ‘vote for us and we will do this for you’.