Beginning on a wage of £1 per week in 1934, Lesley Long was the first woman employed by the Commercial Union Insurance Company in Hobart, Tasmania. Long’s pay gradually increased to £2/10 per week and after five years of saving she was able to fulfil her dream of sailing to England in May 1939. Having found a job and a place to rent in London, Long spent one night each week and her Saturdays volunteering at Guy’s Hospital. Having been a member of a VA detachment in Hobart since 1934, Long was eager to continue as a VA in London. When war was declared in Europe only a few months after she had arrived, Long’s voluntary work became more important to her. But it also brought an end to her chance to holiday in Europe as she had planned. As the situation worsened and wartime restrictions in London began to take effect, Long said to herself, ‘What am I doing here? I might as well get home.’

At the conclusion of the war, Major General Roy Burston, the Army Director General of Medical Services and Chair of the national VAD Council, wrote, ‘The past seven years have brought about a complete change in our attitude towards the employment of women in the armed forces.’ Throughout the war Burston supported the employment and development of VAs and then the AAMWS in the military. Their indispensability had been recognised. Yet, with the end of the war, AAMWS were discharged and Burston’s suggestion to maintain a cohort of women ready to serve in the event of a future war was, as he wrote: ‘…that the [civilian] VADs provide an organisation under which this training could be most effectively carried out in peace time. In addition, it is felt that there would be many advantages in maintaining the [civilian] VADs with their tradition of service which has been built up over the past 30 years or more.’ The war had provided an environment for women to expand their job opportunities, and it gave servicewomen space in the military to demonstrate the value not only of historically female dominated duties but of women’s labour generally. But the end of the war effectively erased this recognition.

Honouring her strong character and sense of service, Alice Appleford was awarded the Florence Nightingale Medal in 1949. Administered by the International Committee of the Red Cross as the highest award for a member of the nursing profession internationally, part of Appleford’s citation reads: ‘No one who came in contact with Major Appleford could fail to recognise her as a leader of women. Her sense of duty, her sterling solidarity of character, her humanity, sincerity, and kindliness of heart set for others a very high example.’ Before her marriage to Sydney Appleford, Alice had achieved a distinguished career as a nurse. Known then as Alice Ross-King, she had trained at Melbourne’s Alfred Hospital and in November 1914 embarked for Egypt to serve with the AANS. Awarded both the Royal Red Cross and the Military Medal, Sister Ross King became one of Australia’s most highly decorated women of the First World War. The Florence Nightingale Medal in 1949 added to her deserved accolades, but this medal was awarded for her contribution during a different war and to a different service. Although a trained nurse with a dedicated career to the profession, it was Alice Appleford’s interest in training and organising VADs, those not technically part of the nursing profession, during the Second World War that saw her receive the Nightingale Medal.

Kathleen Best was a nurse to her core. Completing her training at the Western Suburbs Hospital in Sydney in 1932, Best went onto train in midwifery before holding leadership positions at several Sydney hospitals. In May 1940, she began her military career, joining the Australian Army Nursing Service (AANS) as Matron of the 2/5th Australian General Hospital (AGH). Breaking ground as the youngest matron of the AANS, Best soon demonstrated her strength of leadership and character. By 1942, she had seen service in the Middle East, had led her nurses of the 2/5th AGH through the evacuation from Greece, and had been awarded the Royal Red Cross for her courage and efficiency. Best’s service abroad with the Second Australian Imperial Force (AIF) early in the Second World War made her well versed in military organisation. Showing her understanding of the effective operation of the military medical service, in January 1943 she stated, ‘Every position in a medical unit is important for ultimate efficiency ... and every girl in this service is helping to save lives’. In this statement Best was not referring to the nurses of the AANS; the ‘life-saving’ work Best was referring to was that being undertaken by the Australian Army Medical Women’s Service (AAMWS).