This chapter focuses on the case study of Northern Ireland to interrogate the intersection between victimhood, victims’ groups as drivers of first-generation transitional justice, and the mobilisation of empathy. The chapter argues that while agency and participation are often presented as exclusively positive attributes, the moral economy of victimhood can compel individuals and groups to convey their suffering in a particular register to make their losses ‘matter’ and to ‘mobilise empathy’. In Northern Ireland, the absence of a formal process of dealing with the past and ongoing contest over the legal definition of a victim or survivor of the conflict has made these dynamics particularly acute. From situating victims’ groups as ‘moral communities’ to exploring how victimhood and demands for transitional justice are expressed in different registers across the two communities, this chapter adds a new lens to the study of victims and victim engagement in transitional justice.

In this chapter, we review and integrate the literature on friendships and acquaintanceships in adulthood. We begin with a broad perspective on friends and acquaintances by considering them as members of a larger social network, with friends as part of the inner layers and acquaintances in the outer layers. Then we review the literature focused on friendships, including their life course (formation, maintenance, and endings). Most friendships begin as acquaintances, but not all acquaintances become friends. In a third section we focus on the diverse types of acquaintances, factors associated with how many acquaintances people have, and the unique needs met by acquaintances. Friends and acquaintances have influences on many areas of people’s lives including their romantic relationships and their health and well-being, which are issues also discussed in this chapter.

The Takeover Directive does not address the special features of reorganisations by way of merger or division, nor does the Company Law Directive with its provisions on mergers or divisions address the first-time acquisition of control or change of control in one of the companies involved in the transaction. Contrary to early opinions in the literature, the two areas of law exist side by side and must therefore be harmonised. Even if not all elements of a public offer are present in a merger or division, it is appropriate to apply supplementary takeover law provisions to a merger or division in order to avoid circumvention solely on the basis of legal technique. Takeover law regulations must be applied if the shareholders of the acquiring company are faced with a new controlling shareholder for the first time. The company law regulations should therefore be supplemented by measures under takeover law; in particular, an additional right of withdrawal due to a change of control should be recognised. The few cases known from practice in Austria, Germany and Switzerland should be recognised and used as a basis for a clarifying regulation.

The EU Takeover Directive was passed twenty years ago with the main aim of fostering a single European takeover market. However, subsequent economic, political, legal and corporate governance developments have hindered the Directive’s goal of enhancing the European market for corporate control. This chapter outlines the pro-market climate surrounding the Directive’s inception, traces the subsequent changes in market dynamics and governance, and examines the legislative measures that have contributed to the current state of the market for corporate control in Europe. Despite the continued existence of hostile bids, their importance and impact have shrunk under the current environment. This trend has reduced firm dynamism and resulted in benefits for a select few (notably, corporate insiders and national politicians).

Flow is a concept used in studies of electronic dance music to articulate a range of social and bodily experiences on dance floors, centred around the musical performances of DJs. It is also used in other scholarly fields and applied in therapeutic and corporate contexts. The catch-all, plural, and positive quality of the concept makes flow easy to apply to many settings and phenomena. This chapter examines flow experiences on dance floors in conjunction with existing notions that club cultures epitomise neoliberal conceptions of creative labour. Overall, it suggests that capitalist logics of flow configure a social environment on dance floors where people can enjoy themselves with others while looking inward, rather than reaching outward in the pursuit of action and social change.

Offering a brief overview of electronic dance music formations, this chapter not only addresses readers who are new to the subject but also experienced participants and researchers who wish to engage with the topic from a broad perspective. In doing so, we offer a consolidation of issues in the development and definitions of extant genres and subgenres that constitute electronic dance music cultures. Drawing out common threads across these genres, the introduction locates several theoretical themes that can be found woven through electronic dance music research, such as immersion, liveness, musicking, technological affordances and affect, as well as challenges of various research methodologies and discourses in this area. Finally, we conclude with an overview of the volume in terms of dance settings, global and local contexts, genre aesthetics, production practices, embodied subjectivities and identities.

Research on sex in relationships has proliferated in recent years, yielding valuable insights about sexuality in different types of relationships. In this chapter, we highlight recent work that has strengthened our understanding of couples’ everyday sexual experiences and their links to relational and broader well-being. We review how sexual experiences are shaped by individual differences (e.g., attachment orientation) and by the interplay of both romantic partners. We further highlight how the field has adapted to societal changes in relationships (e.g., consensual non-monogamy, casual sex, technology). Although existing research has discovered many important findings, much of it is limited in its generalizability to diverse populations beyond Western, monogamous, and cisgender man–woman couples. To address this oversight, we offer many minor but meaningful adjustments researchers can make to help ensure their measures and theories are inclusive, thereby helping to ensure future research on sex in relationships is representative of a broader population.

This chapter examines how the death penalty operated in practice in Belize, Bermuda and Britain’s Caribbean Dependent Territories from the mid 1960s to early 1977. The Foreign and Commonwealth Office was increasingly diligent in reviewing death sentences during this period and, despite executions in the British Virgin Islands in 1972 and Belize in 1974, British officials mostly pressured governors to commute, even though Britain remained formally committed to the Creech Jones doctrine. Britain’s approach to capital sentences was, moreover, increasingly influenced by diplomatic concerns by the mid 1970s, including, for the first Bermuda, time, international human rights treaty commitments that, exceptionally, prompted British intervention in a capital case in the West Indies Associated State of Dominica. In the Dependent Territories themselves, the execution and reprieve of condemned prisoners prompted protests related to constitutional reforms, local political conflicts and concerns about crime and national identity.

Chapter 5 follows Souffles–Anfās editor ʿAbdellatif Laâbi to Beirut in 1970, where he theorized Maghrebi thought within Arabic transregionalism, which he dubbed a Second Nahḍa (Renaissance). The chapter studies his translations of, and commentaries on, Palestinian poetry, particularly by Mahmoud Darwish, as performing dialectical ties between national and Arab scales. For the Moroccan thinker, transregional poetry (or “totality”) amplified readers’ perceptions of a common Arab experience by mobilizing gendered figures of Arab revolt across proper languages. His translations, against conservative ideas of fuṣḥā under the Moroccan monarchy, attested to the revolutionary vitality of Arabic in the Mashreq. Laâbi critically reclaimed Arab nationalism from Frantz Fanon, who dismissed it as a racialized frame for culture under colonialism in The Wretched of the Earth. The chapter also theorizes Laâbi’s French-language poems on Palestine and Arab nationalism as transregional Arabic literature in French.

In Colombia, the category of ‘victim’ constitutes a significant legal and political identity, granting access to truth, justice, and reparation measures. Yet transitional justice processes often reinforce hegemonic narratives of ‘ideal victimhood’, reproducing gendered, racial, and political-military stereotypes that marginalise those who deviate from these norms. Focusing on conflict-related sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV), this chapter examines how social movements, particularly women’s and LGBTQI+ groups, contest dominant imaginaries of the ‘ideal SGBV victim’ as a passive, cisgender, heterosexual civilian woman. These groups advocate for inclusive approaches within Colombia’s Truth Commission and Special Jurisdiction for Peace. The chapter contrasts their efforts with the case of Corporación Rosa Blanca, former FARC women combatants who strategically embrace the ‘ideal victim’ narrative to secure legitimacy. This group contrasts with more progressive victims’ groups and illustrates how they navigate between complex identities and traditional victimhood narratives in Colombia’s transitional justice.

In this chapter, we will analyze constructions including dative arguments. To begin with, we will discuss ditransitive constructions. On the one hand, we will present the different types of datives involved in these constructions, such as recipients, benefactives, external possessors, affected datives, and sources. On the other hand, we will analyze the nature of trivalent verbal forms, particularly auxiliary selection and applicative morphemes. Additionally, we will explore constructions that involve two arguments instead of three. We will start with those constructions that involve an ergative and a dative argument, referred to as bivalent unergatives by Fernández and Ortiz de Urbina (2012). Then, we will analyze constructions involving an absolutive and a dative argument, termed bivalent unaccusatives by the same authors (2010). Dative alternations will also be discussed. Other contexts where dative marks subjects or objects predicating from (psych) nouns and adjectives will be explored in Chapter 4.

Chapter 6 emphasizes the Court’s practice pertaining to freedom of expression Article 10) and freedom of assembly and reunion (Article 11). It underlines ‘deliberative pluralism’ as the core principle relevant to tackle the populist erosion of democracy. However, while the Court puts emphasis on deliberative pluralism in its proportionality analysis, the Court only adduces minimal infrastructural guarantees that may be perverted by populist governments, such as ‘procedural guarantees’, while the scrutiny of media bodies and the larger media landscape remains largely cosmetic. This is reflected most prominently in a limited and parsimonious proportionality analysis.

Social relationships are not only linked to emotional well-being, but also significantly associated with physical health. Reviewing the epidemiological and experimental body of research reveals evidence of directional and potentially causal associations between social connection and health and longevity. This is consistent with theoretical approaches to social relationships including attachment, social baseline, social network, and social support theory, all of which identify social relationships as vital to health and well-being. Theoretical models further conceptualize how it is that social relationships influence health. The growing scientific evidence documents some of the biological and behavioral pathways involved. While the evidence on the associations between social relationships and health is robust, the literature is uneven pointing to the need for further research on the complex nature of relationship quality and tech-based social connection.