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Tümpisa (Panamint) Shoshone grammar. By Jon P. Dayley (University of California publications in linguistics, 115.) Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1989. Pp. xiv, 522. $54.00. - Tümpisa (Panamint) Shoshone dictionary. By Jon P. Dayley (University of California publications in linguistics, 116.) Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1989. Pp. xxxviii, 516. $56.00.
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Althochdeutsch. Vol. I: Grammatik, Glossen und Texte; vol. II: Wörter und Namen. Forschungsgeschichte. Ed. by Rolf Bergmann, Heinrich Tiefenbach, and Lothar Voetz, with Herbert Kolb, Klaus Matzel, and Karl Stackmann. (Germanische Bibliothek, Neue Folge, 3. Reihe: Untersuchungen.) Heidelberg: Carl Winter, 1987. Pp. xxi, 906; xvii, 907–1718. Cloth DM 420.00; DM 380.00, Paper DM 389.00; DM 349.00.
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Language use and proficiency in a multilingual setting: A sociolinguistic survey of Agutaynen speakers in Palawan, Philippines. By John Stephen Quakenbush. (Linguistic Society of the Philippines, Special monograph issue, 28.) Manila: Linguistic Society of the Philippines, 1989, Pp. xvi, 158.
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Sound Change and Syllable Structure in Germanic Phonology
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Two competing theories exist about the Proto-Germanic syllabication of
and similar sequences: one proposes that the division was 
, the other, 
. Furthermore, three major phonological developments in Germanic groups have never received a satisfactory explanation: consonant gemination in West Germanic, vowel lengthening (with differential constraints) in North Germanic, and glide strengthening in Gothic. This paper proposes a uniform solution for all these problems, based on independently established principles of syllabic phonology: a preference (at least in the Germanic languages) for stressed syllables that have two morae (Prokosch 1939), and a universal preference for syllable onsets that are at least as strong as the preceding syllable offset (Hooper 1976). We provide various kinds of evidence for a Proto-Germanic syllabication 
which is in accordance with Prokosch's principle, but not with Hooper's; and we then explain subsequent developments as different ways of rebalancing the syllable structure to accord with both Prokosch's and Hooper's principles: 
in West Germanic; 
in North Germanic; and 
in Gothic.
and similar sequences: one proposes that the division was 
which is in accordance with Prokosch's principle, but not with Hooper's; and we then explain subsequent developments as different ways of rebalancing the syllable structure to accord with both Prokosch's and Hooper's principles: 
in West Germanic; 
in North Germanic; and 
in Gothic.