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2100167 results in Journals

Page 457 of 105009

  • Withholding and withdrawal of care in the ICU of Eastern France modalities and families feeling

  • Cindy Chauchard, Antoine Goury, Bruno Lafon, Laurent Poiron, Salvatore Muccio, Magdalena Szczot, Georges Simon, Quentin Georges, Vincent Castelain, Alice Duvivier, Lukshe Kanagaratnam, Vincent Legros
  • Journal:
    Palliative & Supportive Care / Volume 24 / 2026
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    19 February 2026, e62
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  • Background

    Withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining therapies (WLST) was introduced in France in 2005 through the Leonetti law to prevent futile treatments and “unreasonable obstinacy.” In France, WLST decisions affect 8.5–14% of ICU patients, according to the literature. The 2016 Claeys–Leonetti law updated the previous legislation, but debates surrounding end-of-life care persist.

    Methods

    To describe WLST patients and practices under current legislation, we conducted a multicenter, prospective, observational study in ICUs across Eastern France. Eligible adult patients facing WLST decisions were included, requiring written consent from the patient or a trusted person. Patients were followed for 1 month. We described the decision-making process and assessed family satisfaction using the FS-24R-ICU questionnaire.

    Results

    Between May 3rd and October 3rd, 2023, 73 patients were included (mean age 69 years). The majority of admissions were medical (72.7%), and 50.7% of patients had neurological impairments. ICU staff initiated WLST discussions primarily due to poor survival or quality of life prospects. Only 12.5% of patients had written advance directives, and 59.1% had designated a trusted person. External consultation was not involved in 19.1% of decisions. Families were informed in 91.7% of cases. Decisions to withhold therapies occurred in 68.1% of cases, with resuscitation during cardiac arrest being the most commonly withheld intervention (98.0%). Treatment withdrawal occurred in 31.9% of cases. Family satisfaction was generally positive.

    Conclusions

    WLST management in Eastern French ICUs is partially compliant with the Claeys–Leonetti law. Improved law application and public awareness could enhance end-of-life care management in France.

  • Explaining Final Obstruent Voicing in Lezgian: Phonetics and History

  • Alan C. L. Yu
  • Journal:
    Language / Volume 80 / Issue 1 / March 2004
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    19 February 2026, pp. 73-97

  • In Lezgian, a Nakh-Daghestanian language, final and preconsonantal ejectives and voiceless unaspirated obstruents are voiced in certain monosyllabic nouns. This article offers acoustic evidence confirming that the two coda-voicing series are indeed voiced in final position. Based on comparative evidence, it is demonstrated that this phonetically aberrant neutralization pattern is the result of a series of phonetically natural sound changes. Such ‘crazy rules’ (Bach & Harms 1972) undermine any direct phonetic licensing approach to phonology, such as LICENSING BY CUE (Steriade 1997).

  • Feature Indeterminacy and Feature Resolution

  • Mary Dalrymple, Ronald M. Kaplan
  • Journal:
    Language / Volume 76 / Issue 4-Part1 / December 2000
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    19 February 2026, pp. 759-798

  • Syntactic features like case, person, and gender are often assumed to have simple atomic values that are checked for consistency by the standard predicate of equality. The case feature has values such as nom or acc, and values like masc and fem are assumed for the feature gender. But such a view does not square with some of the complex behavior these features exhibit. It allows no obvious account of feature indeterminacy (how a particular form can satisfy conflicting requirements on a feature like case), nor does it give an obvious account of feature resolution (how person and gender features of a coordinate noun phrase are determined on the basis of the conjuncts). We present a theory of feature representation and feature checking that solves these two problems, providing a straightforward characterization of feature indeterminacy and feature resolution while sticking to structures and standard interpretations that have independent motivation. Our theory of features is formulated within the LFG framework, but we believe that similar solutions can be developed within other syntactic approaches.

  • LAN volume 70 issue 4 Cover and Front matter

  • Journal:
    Language / Volume 70 / Issue 4 / December 1994
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    19 February 2026, pp. f1-f7
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Page 457 of 105009