Cacosmia, the perception of neutral odors as foul, is an unusual and distressing postoperative complication. This case focuses on a 66-year-old female who experienced cacosmia after a colectomy, raising questions about the role of anxiety in postoperative sensory distortions. While colectomy is commonly associated with physiological complications, emerging research indicates that psychological factors, particularly anxiety, may influence sensory processing. Addressing these interactions is crucial for improving outcomes in patients with psychiatric comorbidities undergoing surgery.

1. 1. To examine the influence of pre-existing anxiety on the development of sensory distortions, specifically cacosmia, following colectomy.

2. 2. To investigate the relationship between the gut-brain axis and psychological factors, including anxiety, in the context of postoperative recovery.

3. 3. To highlight the gaps in the literature regarding sensory distortions in surgical patients and to propose potential areas for future research.

Patient: A 66-year-old female with a history of anxiety disorder developed cacosmia two weeks after undergoing colectomy.

She reported that food smelled like feces despite normal postoperative recovery and the absence of physical abnormalities.

a search was conducted using databases such as PubMed and Scopus with terms like cacosmia, postoperative sensory distortion, anxiety and surgery, and gut-brain axis. Articles exploring the relationship between anxiety and sensory distortions in surgical patients were included.

Gut-Brain Axis: The gut-brain axis is essential in regulating emotions and sensory processing. Disruptions from surgery can affect neurotransmitters, contributing to both anxiety and sensory misinterpretations like cacosmia. Anxiety’s Role: Anxiety is known to heighten sensory perception. The patient’s pre-existing anxiety likely amplified her awareness of sensory stimuli, leading to distorted odor perceptions.

While the role of anxiety in surgical recovery is recognized, there is a lack of research specifically addressing sensory distortions like cacosmia in the postoperative period.

This case underscores the importance of considering psychological factors, especially anxiety, in postoperative sensory distortions like cacosmia. The interaction between the gut-brain axis and sensory perception in anxious patients highlights the need for a more comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to postoperative care. Current gaps in the literature suggest a need for future research on how anxiety and sensory processing intersect after surgery. Investigating preoperative interventions such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or pharmacotherapy may help mitigate sensory distortions and improve postoperative recovery outcomes in patients with anxiety.

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This study is probably the first study on stalking conducted in the Republic of Serbia.

The aim of this study was to examine the stalking experiences of a sample of persons who, according to the Court’s judgment, were in need of treatment.

This retrospective study was conducted from January 2020 until January 2024 and included 46 persons on the measure of treatment treated at the Clinic for Mental Disorders “Dr Laza Lazarević” in Belgrade. All obtained data were from their medical records and based on the judgment of the Court. The data were processed using SPSS version 21 to produce mainly descriptive and inferential statistics. Difference were considered statistically significant if p< 0.05.

The participantes were mean age 49.5 ±12.9 years, and most of them 41 (89.1%) were men. The stalker was in most cases a male, he was unemployed (65.2%), unmarried (91,3%), lived with his parents (67.4%) in the city (91.3%). Stalkers were most often diagnosed with F22 (23.9%) and F23 (23.9%). The stalker with the diagnosis F22 most often pursued the desired partner (33.3%) and the stalker with the diagnosis F23 a person from the social environment (33.3%). After the treatment measure is completed, the stalker often repeats the same act (12.83%).

Stalking remains a major problem and insufficiently tested that must be taken seriously. It is best to look at stalkers as a heterogeneous group whose behavior can be motivated by various psychiatric illnesses, predominantly psychoses.

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In 2022, studies were conducted, the results of which revealed that nursing staff are at greater risk of developing anxiety disorders, and the development of these symptoms is influenced by work schedule and workload level. Also, do not forget about the relationship between anxiety and affective disorders and emotional burnout syndrome (EBS), which is important in diagnosis

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the role of the phenomenon of burnout as a predictor of the development of anxiety and depression based on a comprehensive assessment of EBS and anxiety-affective symptoms among medical residents; identify risk factors for the development of EBS.

A questionnaire including socio-demographic characteristics (gender, age, place of residence), the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire; questionnaire scale: PHQ-9 (via Google platform); clinical interviewing was carried out among 98 residents

two profiles of respondents – surgical (57.1%) and therapeutic (42.9%), 73.5% - female, 26.5% - male. The majority were in the age range from 25-29 years (77.6%). The most closely related to burnout is the time spent working at the clinical base and the workload outside of residency. 21% have mild depression, 24% have moderate depression, and 10% have severe depression, which further requires the identification of a correlation between two indicators of EBS and affective symptoms; 31.6% have severe emotional burnout, which affects education and the quality of medical care provided.

The question of the relationship between EBS and depressive symptoms remains open. In our simultaneous study, the relationship between the burnout index and the results of PHQ-9 is traced, which may suggest that EBS is considered as a risk factor for the development of affective symptoms of depression and requires further investigation of the problem It should be noted the importance of introducing digital technologies for the examination of employees and the timely detection of signs of EBS

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IMPORTANCE Changes in suicide rates after a nationwide trauma may be different from changes in psychiatric symptoms or general distress after such events. However, very few studies have examined short-term suicide-related reactions after such an event.

To evaluate the short-term outcome of the events in Israel on October 7, 2023, a large-scale terror attack and unfolding war, on changes in suicidality as reflected in percentages of suicide-related calls in relation to all calls to a national mental health first aid helpline, the Israeli Association for Emotional First Aid (ERAN).

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The data included all interactions via the various ERAN helpline services between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2023.

EXPOSURES The October 7, 2023, terror attack on Israel.

MEAN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Changes in the numbers of overall calls and suicide-related calls to the ERAN helpline using an interrupted time-series analysis.

RESULTS. Analysis indicated that overall calls increased significantly on October 7. However, the number of suicide-related calls in the 3 months before October 7 was 1,887, whereas 1,663 suicide-related calls were registered in the 3 months after. The percentage of suicide-related calls decreased significantly on October 7 and gradually increased in the following period.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The findings suggest that although short-term emotional distress increased after national trauma, the percentage of suicide-related calls decreased. These results support previous studies suggesting that suicidality is not one of the immediate reactions to such traumas

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Public sector mental health services in Australia typically do not provide Adult ADHD assessment or treatment, creating a significant reliance on private sector care. Consequently, the demand for private ADHD services has surged, resulting in extended wait times for assessment and treatment.

This study aimed primarily to evaluate the wait times for Adult ADHD assessments for patients referred by GPs to a private clinic. A secondary aim was to analyze the relationship between sociodemographic and clinical variables, including illness characteristics and timing of diagnosis.

Data were collected through retrospective file reviews of consecutive patients referred to the authors’ private clinics for Adult ADHD assessment between January 2023 and October 2024. Patients included in the study met the criteria of an eventual clinical diagnosis of Adult ADHD. Data collected included sociodemographic details, ADHD subtype, psychiatric comorbidities, and wait times for initial psychiatric consultations. Total sample was 68.

Wait times ranged from 10 days to 305 days, with a mean wait time of approximately 4 months (112 days). Almost 30 % of the patients referred had wait time of more than 4 months. The sample comprised nearly equal numbers of male and female patients (33 vs. 35), with ages ranging from 17 to 56 years (mean age: 28.35 years). The majority (68%) were diagnosed with Adult ADHD - Combined Presentation, while 32% had the Predominantly Inattentive Presentation. Nearly all patients received their ADHD diagnosis in adulthood, with less than 5% having a childhood ADHD diagnosis.

There are significant delays in acessing appropriate care for people with Adult ADHD in Australia. Improvement in mental health policy and service delivery with regard to ADHD services is essential if this barrier to access appropriate care has to be overcome.

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Diagnostic overshadowing, or the tendency to attribute physical symptoms to mental illness, poses a significant risk to psychiatric patients, significantly delaying diagnostic and treatment possibilities. This case study highlights the potentially life-threatening consequences of dismissing physical complaints in patients with a history of mental health disorders.

To examine the impact of diagnostic overshadowing on patient care and outcomes, emphasizing the need for comprehensive, unbiased medical assessment, regardless of psychiatric history.

We present the case of a 72-year-old female patient with an extensive history of multiple psychiatric admissions, primarily for somatization and depressive episodes. The patient’s journey began with an initial admission in our psychiatric service. However, her condition rapidly degenerated, as she developed chest pain, leg numbness, and digestive issues. These symptoms were initially attributed to her psychiatric conditions by the internal medicine team, leading to a critical delay in appropriate medical intervention.

As a consequence, the patient’s condition deteriorated rapidly, culminating in a severe septic state. Further investigation revealed that the sepsis had a pulmonary origin, with Serratia marcescens identified as the causative pathogen. This underscores the potential for seemingly benign symptoms to mask serious underlying infections in vulnerable populations. The patient’s case was further complicated by the emergence of several severe medical conditions, including toxic hepatitis, cardiomyopathy, and valvular insufficiencies, highlighting the potential for cascading health issues when initial symptoms are not thoroughly investigated. In the course of treatment, the patient experienced additional complications arising from medical interventions, most notably drug-induced hepatotoxicity, serving as a reminder of the delicate balance required in managing complex cases and the potential for treatment-related adverse events to further complicate patient care.

This case study underscores the critical importance of conducting thorough and unbiased medical evaluations in psychiatric settings, or in cases where psychiatric history is present. It vividly demonstrates how preconceived notions and unconscious biases regarding psychiatric patients can lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment of serious medical conditions, potentially resulting in life-threatening consequences. The case serves as a wake-up call for healthcare providers to approach each patient with an open mind, regardless of their psychiatric comorbidities.

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Subacute combined degeneration (SCD) of the spinal cord is a well-known neurological disorder commonly associated with vitamin B12 deficiency. However, the condition can also present in individuals with normal B12 levels, making diagnosis more difficult.

This paper aims to examine the diagnostic challenges posed by subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord in patients with normal B12 levels. Specifically, it aims to highlight the importance of early screening for nitrous oxide use and the complexities introduced by co-occurring functional gait disorders.

Literature research was conducted using PubMed databases. The following keywords were used “whippets” or “nitrous oxide” or “inhalant use disorder”, and “subacute degeneration of spinal cord” and/ or “normal B12 levels”. Furthermore, a comprehensive clinical evaluation was conducted, including a detailed inquiry into the patient’s substance use history.

The 56-year-old patient developed symptoms of subacute combined degeneration (SCD) despite normal B12 levels. He experienced worsening tingling sensations, starting in the extremities and moving upward, along with new gait instability requiring a cane. Initially denying substance use, he later admitted to daily nitrous oxide inhalation, which disrupts B12 metabolism and causes spinal demyelination, leading to neurological deficits even with normal B12 levels. The presence of a functional gait disorder complicated the diagnosis, but persistent questioning about substance use and recognizing the effects of nitrous oxide were key to accurate diagnosis.

This case highlights the importance of early and comprehensive substance use screening, particularly in patients presenting with unexplained neurological symptoms. The disruption of B12 metabolism by nitrous oxide can cause significant spinal cord degeneration, even when serum B12 levels are normal. This underscores the need for detailed, persistent questioning about substance use in clinical settings, particularly for patients with risk factors for inhalant abuse. Additionally, an awareness of the multifaceted nature of functional gait disorders is essential for accurate diagnosis and optimal patient outcomes. Routine screening for nitrous oxide use and a thorough examination of gait abnormalities can aid in the timely detection and treatment of subacute spinal degeneration, preventing further neurological damage. By incorporating recommended screening questions and being vigilant about the neurological effects of nitrous oxide, clinicians can better address the diagnostic challenges of SCD and functional gait disorders.

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Workaholism is an addiction, however the obsessive-compulsive components alone may prove insufficient in determining its nature.

The aim of the following study was to determine the mediating role of depressiveness in the relationships between workaholism and personality traits according to the five-factor model among Polish women.

The research study was carried out among 556 women residing in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. The research was based on a survey performed using a questionnaire technique. The following research instruments adapted to Polish conditions were employed to assess the incidence of work addiction among female adults: The NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), The Work Addiction Risk Test (WART) Questionnaire, and The Beck Depression Inventory–BDI I-II.

A positive correlation between the intensity of neuroticism and the work addiction risk was revealed (β = 0.204, p < 0.001). A partial mediation (35%) with the severity of depression symptoms as a mediating factor was observed (β = 0.110, p < 0.001). Respondents characterized by high neuroticism showed a greater severity of the symptoms of depression (β = 0.482, p < 0.001), which is a factor increasing the work addiction risk (β = 0.228, p < 0.001). Respondents characterized by a high level of extraversion displayed lower severity of the symptoms of depression (β = –0.274, p < 0.001). A negative correlation between the intensity of agreeableness and the work addiction risk was revealed (β = –0.147, p < 0.001). A partial mediation (27.8%) was observed. A positive correlation between the intensity of conscientiousness and the work addiction risk was revealed (β = 0.082, p = 0.047). Respondents characterised by a high level of conscientiousness showed a lower severity of depression symptoms (β = –0.211, p < 0.001).

Table 1. Indirect and total effects: Mediation model 1 - Neuroticism

NEU—neuroticims, WART—Work Addiction Risk Test, N – Neuroticism, BDI—Beck Depression Inventory–BDI I-II, b—unstandardized regression coefficient, β—standardized regression coefficient, p—significance level; * Confidence interval (CI) computed with method: bootstrap percentiles; ** Beta (β) is completely standardized effect size.

Depressiveness plays the role of a mediator between neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness as well as conscientiousness, and work addiction. Depressiveness is a factor which increases the risk of work addiction.

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This research investigates gender differences in psychosomatic responses among individuals of various ages, who had been diagnosed with depressive or anxiety disorders, or were in remission. It evaluates symptoms using the Beck Depression Inventory–Second Edition (BDI) and DASS-42 scales in a cohort of 30 adults in an outpatient clinic environment.

The aim of the study was to demonstrate the relationship between the degree of development of nicotine and the severity of symptoms related to emotions and mood with patients suffering from schizophrenia.

A total of 30 adult participants (ages 21-69) were assessed using the BDI and DASS-42 scales. The study is focused on somatic symptoms (as measured by specific DASS-42 items) and their relationship to gender, age, and the severity of depression. The severity of depression was classified into mild, moderate, and severe categories based on BDI scores.

The study revealed that depression significantly affects both daily functioning and emotional responses to stress, with individuals suffering from severe depression showing psychosomatic symptoms most often, regardless of gender. The findings revealed that women diagnosed with depression reported higher rates of psychosomatic symptoms, such as dry mouth, breathing difficulties, and increased heart palpitations, compared to men. Men, on the other hand, exhibited difficulties in emotional regulation in response to stress, which can potentially indicate a general sense of insecurity and anxiety. Younger female individuals, under the age of 40, diagnosed with depression according to the BDI, exhibited more intense psychosomatic symptoms compared to older female patients. Furthermore, within the same cohort of women under 40, the intensity of psychosomatic symptoms was significantly higher in comparison to men in the same age group.

The study uncovered the strong and interconnected relationship between stress and depression. Moreover, it indicated that the severity of psychosomatic symptoms associated with depression and stress is influenced by gender and age. As a result, it is crucial to adopt a comprehensive and personalized approach when treating patients, considering the severity of their conditions. The BDI and DASS-42 scales are effective in capturing these differences, highlighting their usefulness in both clinical and research contexts.

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Adolescents with developmental disabilities and their families face significant challenges in the transition to adulthood. Comprehensive interventions that include psychological support, daily living skills training, and vocational guidance are crucial. This pilot study tests a program aimed at developing independence and adaptive skills in adolescents with developmental disorders.

The study aimed to evaluate the dynamics of adaptive and independence skills in adolescents with various developmental disorders who participated in a comprehensive intervention program.

10 adolescents (5 boys and 5 girls, mean age 15,11, SD 2,4) were included in the study. Participants were mainly diagnosed with the following primary DS: F70.xx, F84.xx. Also, participants had additional DS such as F48.xx, F80.xx, G40.xx, Q37.xx, Q74.xx. IQ of the participants was measured by the Leiter-3 Performance Scales (mean 62.8, SD 26.9). Comprehensive intervention program lasted the 2022/2023 academic year 3 d/week, 2-3 h/day. The intervention included individual and group sessions, several home visits and the parent groups led by a team of psychoeducational professionals (neuropsychologists, special educators, speech pathologists). The training outcomes were measured by the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS-2). Statistical analysis was performed using the paired samples t-tests and d-Cohen effect size (d).

Significant improvements were observed in all four VABS subscales. Communication improved from 56.1 to 59.6 (t=-3.42, p=0.008, d=-1.08), Daily Living Skills from 59.9 to 66.4 (t=-5.57, p<0.001, d=-1.76), Socialisation from 58.6 to 65.1 (t=-3.84, p=0.004, d=-1.21), and General Adaptive Behaviour Index from 56.9 to 62.0 (t=-5.31, p<0.001, d=-1.68). The largest improvements were seen in Daily Living Skills and General Adaptive Behaviour Index which highlight the program’s effectiveness in fostering independence and adaptive capacities in adolescents.

The pilot study demonstrated the promising effectiveness of the program in developing independence and adaptive skills, suggesting it as a valuable intervention for preparing young people for independent living in adulthood. Following research plans include follow-up analysis of current participants’ outcomes, an increase in sample size, and the implementation of between-group designs.

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Refeeding syndrome is a severe metabolic condition seen in psychiatric patients, particularly those with anorexia nervosa or other eating disorders, after rapid nutrient reintroduction. It involves disturbances such as hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia, creating challenges in psychiatric and medical settings. Early identification and management are critical to prevent complications like cardiac and respiratory failure (1,2,3).

This study analyzes the pathophysiological mechanisms of refeeding syndrome, focusing on key metabolic, psychiatric and electrolyte disturbances during the refeeding process in malnourished patients. It also discusses prevention strategies and clinical management, emphasizing the role of multidisciplinary teams in early diagnosis and treatment (1,2,3).

A literature review was conducted using Scielo, PubMed, Cochrane, and BMJ, focusing on studies about the pathophysiology, risks, and interventions related to refeeding syndrome. From 40 articles analyzed, 12 published between 2000 and 2023 were selected, focusing on clinical management and treatment guidelines for malnourished patients.

The review highlights that refeeding syndrome (RS) is a serious metabolic condition in malnourished patients, especially those with psychiatric disorders like anorexia nervosa. Rapid nutrient intake can cause metabolic issues, such as hypophosphatemia and hypokalemia, alongside significant psychiatric stress. Anxiety and treatment resistance may increase, especially in patients fearing weight gain, raising the risk of relapse.

Physical discomfort from refeeding, such as fluid retention, can worsen anxiety and complicate treatment. This may lead to extended hospitalization and poor treatment adherence. In psychiatric settings, inadequate management of RS can lead to agitation or self-harm. Preventive measures like controlled carbohydrate intake, thiamine supplementation, and electrolyte monitoring are crucial.

Multidisciplinary teams, including psychiatrists, psychologists, and nutritionists, are key to managing RS. Guidelines like those from NICE recommend gradual refeeding to reduce both metabolic and psychiatric stress.

Refeeding syndrome is a preventable yet potentially fatal condition. Early identification of at-risk patients and careful nutritional strategies are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality. Multidisciplinary teams play a crucial role in managing and educating patients, while further research is needed to inform clinical practices (6-7).

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Smith-Magenis Syndrome (SMS) is a neurogenetic disorder caused by deletions on chromosome 17p11.2 or mutations in the RAI1 gene. It is characterized by intellectual disability, behavioral disturbances like aggression, impulsivity, self-injury, and sleep disruptions. A hallmark feature of SMS is inverted melatonin production, leading to daytime sleepiness and nighttime insomnia, which exacerbate behaviors. Traditional treatments, such as antipsychotics and SSRIs, often show limited effectiveness and can cause side effects, including metabolic syndrome, sedation, and extrapyramidal symptoms.

Lithium has emerged as a promising alternative to manage treatment-resistant behaviors in SMS. Known for its mood-stabilizing properties in bipolar disorder, lithium modulates dopamine and serotonin, reduces aggression, and promotes neuronal plasticity. However, lithium requires close monitoring due to the risks of nephrotoxicity, thyroid dysfunction, and its narrow therapeutic index.

This study explores lithium’s role in managing severe behavioral disturbances in SMS, especially in patients unresponsive to conventional treatments. The objectives are: (1) to review the literature on lithium’s efficacy and safety in SMS and similar neurodevelopmental disorders, and (2) to present a clinical case of a 25-year-old SMS patient treated successfully with lithium after antipsychotics and SSRIs failed.

A literature review was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science, focusing on articles published between 2013 and 2023 on lithium in SMS and related disorders. Additionally, the clinical case of a 25-year-old male with SMS, exhibiting aggression and self-injury, was documented. After other treatments failed, lithium was introduced with regular monitoring of serum levels, renal, and thyroid function throughout six months.

Literature supports lithium’s efficacy in reducing aggression and impulsivity in SMS. Lithium modulates dopaminergic and serotonergic systems, stabilizing mood and reducing disruptive behaviors. In the clinical case, the patient improved within two weeks of lithium therapy. Over six months, aggression and self-injury diminished significantly, with no adverse effects and stable renal and thyroid function.

Lithium is an effective option for SMS patients with treatment-resistant behavioral disturbances, particularly aggression and self-injury. It offers a valuable alternative to antipsychotics and SSRIs, enhancing emotional stability and quality of life. However, careful monitoring is required to prevent toxicity. Further research is needed to confirm lithium’s long-term safety and efficacy in SMS.

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Postpartum stress and mental disorders have a high prevalence in the population. Postpartum depressed states, for example, potentially threaten care of and bonding with the children. Although mothers face specific needs, specialized treatment options are scarce. Online programs to inform on and treat postpartum stress and depression are, to present, not widely available, but have the potential to overcome some of the obstacles of postpartum women finding treatment.

To identify needs of this specific group, we conducted an online survey on women after childbirth, asking for acceptance of e-health programs, sociodemographic, medical and psychometric data.

In a large, anonymized online survey, 453 women have participated. We investigated 1) the acceptance of tailored e-mental health programs according to the UTAUT model in the respective women and 2) characteristics and needs of the specific populations. Based on our findings, we developed an online tool for stress reduction after child-birth based on relevant topics indicated by and data from the literature on specific needs of post-partum women.

In this talk, motivation for this project, research results and ongoing research will be highlighted and discussed.

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Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and its comorbidities can have a tremendous negative impact on various activities of daily living, including the capability to manage one’s finances. Adequate financial functioning is essential for an individual’s health and well-being and is key to leading an autonomous and independent life. Problems with financial functioning can have far-reaching personal and legal consequences, and may lead to financial insecurity or poverty, financial victimisation, placement under guardianship, and reduced opportunities for social and societal participation.

To evaluate the financial situation and the strengths and weaknesses in the everyday financial functioning of individuals with AUD.

The financial situation and financial performance of an AUD group (n = 52) were compared to a control group (CG) (n = 95), using the Financial Performance Scale (FiPS). In addition, associations between financial performance and everyday contextual factors (i.e., income, depressive symptoms (i.e., Beck Depression Scale - II), social support (i.e., Brief Perceived Social Support Questionnaire)) were explored.

As compared to the CG, the AUD group reported to have a significantly poorer financial situation, including lower income levels, more frequent debts, and fewer savings. Furthermore, the AUD group reported a significantly poorer overall financial performance (FiPS total score) than the CG, and significant group differences were observed for relatively complex financial tasks, such as financial goal setting and doing tax returns. The difficulties in financial performance of the AUD group were, however, considered as relatively mild, since most aspects of financial performance (i.e., FiPS item scores) did not differ between groups. In the total sample, a better financial performance was significantly associated with a higher income, more perceived social support, and fewer depressive symptoms.

Individuals with AUD reported a poorer financial situation and more difficulties with performing complex financial tasks compared to controls. These reported weaknesses may stem from cognitive and affective impairments associated with AUD, as well as from a scarcity of financial resources. Since a vicious cycle may exist between financial problems and AUD symptoms, it is relevant to enhance the financial well-being of those individuals with AUD who experience financial difficulties.

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Several studies have reported that high fruit and vegetable consumption is associated with increased life expectancy. In migrant populations, lifestyle habits are modified in the process of acculturation.

Our aim was to review the diversity/functional compounds of food groups in Latin American, African, Asian and European cultures. In a second step, we aimed to review the dietary patterns for migrant women with schizophrenia.

A two-stage systematic review was conducted using the PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov databases (2004-2024). The first part included studies reporting information on food and nutrients in adult populations from the nationalities with the highest prevalence of women with schizophrenia attending the Mútua Terrassa Functional Unit for Women with Schizophrenia (Dominican Republic, Venezuela, Ecuador, Morocco, Senegal, Romania and Pakistan). In a second part papers focused on food consumption among migrant women with schizophrenia.

A total of 87 studies were included from a total of 21,306 records screened. First part: (1) Latin America (n=32). Outcomes:food choice trajectories for dietary acculturation, barriers and facilitators for fruit and vegetable consumption (antioxidant effects of polyphenols), fruit/tubers/legumes traditionally consumed. (2) Africa (n=25). Regular consumption of oils, changes in medications during the holy month of Ramadan, anti-inflammatory effects of species. (3) Europe (n=17). Antioxidant properties of phenolics in mushrooms, and polyphenols in berries. (4) Asia (n=13). Women more vegetables, fruit and fish. Second part: Dietary intake of vitamin C, niacin, and folate reduced in schizophrenia. Few studies in women with schizophrenia.

Nutritional intervention programmes for migrant women with schizophrenia should pay attention to biocultural heritage and traditional antioxidant/anti-inflammatory foods.

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Impairments in theory of mind, which influence the ability to accurately perceive and comprehend the mental states of oneself and others, play a pivotal role in psychiatric diseases. Understanding these cognitive aspects is crucial for developing targeted interventions and improving overall patient outcomes.

The purpose of this study is to examine theory of mind in individuals at risk for bipolar disorder and in the early stages of the disorder.

Sixty-two individuals with first-episode bipolar disorder (FE-BD) (mean age 21.92±4.58), seventy-eight individuals at ultra-high risk for bipolar disorder (UHR-BD) (mean age 20.5±3.93), and seventy-four healthy controls (HC) (mean age 23.36±5.28) were included in this study. The Hinting Task (HT) and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) were applied to assess theory of mind.

The groups differed significantly in RMET positive (F(2-200)=5.087, p=0.007), neutral (F(2-200)=4.777, p=0.009) subscores, and total score (F(2-200)=11.267, p=0.000). Similarly, differences were found among the groups in terms of hypomentalization (F(2-174)=5.251, p=0.006), hypermentalization (F(2-174)=4.786, p=0.009), and total scores (F(2-174)=13.292, p=0.000) on the Hinting Task. No significant differences were observed in RMET negative scores among the groups (p>0.05). Both the FE-BD and UHR-BD groups exhibited significantly lower scores than the healthy controls across positive, neutral, and total RMET scores, as well as in total Hinting Task scores (p<0.05). Hypomentalization and hypermentalization errors were higher in the FE-BD and UHR-BD groups than in the HC group (p<0.05).

The results revealed significant differences in theory of mind performance between groups, including RMET scores and Hinting Task results. Individuals with first episode bipolar disorder (FE-BD) and those at ultra high risk for bipolar disorder (UHR-BD) consistently scored lower than healthy controls, emphasizing the need for targeted, early interventions in theory of mind and related cognitive processes. Future studies investigating clinical and neurobiological correlates of theory of mind across different stages of bipolar disorder are needed.

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There is a paucity of research on the relationship between bereavement and the onset of bipolar disorder, especially in connection with manic episodes. While some case reports delivered preliminary data, they are insufficient to determine whether the stress response to a loss triggers the first signs of the disorder, or if manic symptoms arise in individuals with pre-existing mood instabilities. Overall, the predictors and prodromal characteristics for the development of a manic episode following a loss remain unclear. Moreover, there are no follow-up case studies to evaluate the long-term outcomes of these patients after the first manic episode.

In this presentation, we will discuss the case of a woman who experienced her first manic episode immediately after the death of her son and present the one-year follow-up process to provide some experience in the psychopharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatment of these patients.

Here we will present a case from a psychiatric-psychotherapeutic hospital in Lower Saxony, Germany, in a comprehensive way.

A 43-year-old woman was referred to the psychiatric department three weeks after the sudden death of her 15-year-old son due to an undiscovered congenital heart defect. She presented with chest pain, anxiety, sleep disorders, and referential psychotic thoughts. In the intensive psychiatric ward, she exhibited mood swings, sexual disinhibition, agitation, and aggressive behaviors towards staff. She engaged in excessive spending and refused to take her medications, Risperidone and Quetiapine. Her history included one depressive episode, successfully treated with psychotherapy and medication, but no previous manic episodes. Additionally, one brother had committed suicide, and another brother and her father had died from congenital heart conditions. We applied an intensive dynamic, systemic approach involving her family members to create a supportive environment for processing grief while managing her manic symptoms. After insisting on discharge after one month, she stopped her medication, leading to another intensive ward treatment due to aggression. During this phase, we resumed the same medications and intensive psychotherapy, resulting in stabilization. She later entered a psychosomatic treatment program, where she discontinued her antipsychotic medication and focused on her grief. Six months after this treatment, just before the anniversary of her son’s death, she fell into a deep depression with suicidal thoughts and was referred to an open ward, where she was successfully treated with lithium and supportive psychotherapy. All somatic examinations and brain MRI scans were normal.

Bereavement can manifest in various ways, and in a small number of patients, it can trigger the first manic episode of bipolar disorder. Further detailed follow-up research is needed to optimize the diagnostic and treatment processes for these patients.

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Observation of the potential benefits of human-animal interaction is evident. Pet therapy is used to treat anxiety as it significantly reduces self-reported anxiety in many age groups. Most studies of pet therapy involve dogs, but cats and horses have also been studied. Pet therapy is becoming increasingly popular and is used in a variety of diverse ways, from promoting communication in older adults to improving the wellbeing of those with serious mental illness. Studies have also found mental health inpatients with mood and psychotic disorders to display significant reductions in anxiety on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.

This study aims to measure the effect of pet therapy (especially therapy with pets such as dogs or cats) in individuals with anxiety disorders. It is aimed to examine how pet therapy affects anxiety levels, whether it reduces anxiety symptoms and its contribution to overall quality of life.

The study will be conducted between November 2024 and January 2025 in 3 databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct) using the keywords “anxiety disorders”, “anxiety”, “pet therapy”. These databases were preferred because they contain a significant amount of evidence-based literature in biomedical sciences and psychology. Studies conducted between 2015 and 2024, whose full texts were accessed and written in Turkish and English were included in the study.

There are 20 national and international research articles on the subject and the literature review is ongoing. When the literature review is completed, all study results will be presented together.

This study provides an overview of the positive effects of pet therapy in reducing anxiety symptoms and improving quality of life in individuals with anxiety disorders. In the studies reviewed, it was found that therapy with pets, especially dogs and cats, led to significant reductions in anxiety levels and improved individuals’ overall mental health. Many of the participants felt calmer, less stressed and had higher levels of satisfaction with the therapy. The findings suggest that pet therapy not only reduces anxiety levels, but also increases social communication, reduces feelings of loneliness and improves functioning in daily life. Pet therapies can be considered as a complementary method for anxiety reduction.

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Healthcare-workers in medical imaging departments face a variety of professional challenges, including radiological risk, biomechanical constraints, and heavy workload. These cumulative constraints make the staff of these departments particularly vulnerable to stress.

The aim of this study was to evaluate perceived stress among radiology technicians and evaluate its associated factors.

A cross-sectional study was conducted among the staff of a medical imaging department in Sfax in April 2024 during periodic visits. The Perceived-Stress-Scale-10 (PSS-10) questionnaire was used to assess perceived stress. Radiation safety training level (TL), Radiation risk level (RL) and radiation protection level (PL) were auto-evaluated on a scale of 0 to 10.

Our population consisted of 32 paramedical staff, 80% of whom were radiology technicians. The median age was 37 with an interquartile range (IQR) [36; 43]. The sex ratio was 0.28. The median seniority in the job was 5.5 years IQR [4; 8]. The median TL, RL and PL were 3 IQR [2; 5], 6 IQR [5; 7] and 5 IQR [3; 6] respectively. The mean PSS-10 score was 19.3±4.9. In bivariate analysis, the PSS-10 score was inversely correlated with TL (r=-0.622; p=0.001), RL (r=-0.248; p=0.213) and correlated with PL (r=0.458; p=0.016).

Periodic visits in occupational medicine are an opportunity to detect perceived stress in this population and to strengthen their knowledge about radiation protection in order to ensure a healthier and safer working environment.

None Declared

Several studies have discovered associations between depression and cardiovascular disease risk factors and patients with Coronary Artery Disease with comorbid Depression have worse prognosis. There is growing evidence of polygenic overlap between depression, Coronary Artery Disease and other Cardiovascular risk factors and may suggest molecular mechanisms underlying the association between depression and raised cardiovascular disease risk.

Depression and cardiometabolic disorders are both heritable and both are caused by a mix of genetic and environmental factors. Genetic factors contribute to 31–42 % in MDD (Sullivan et al. 2000 ), 30–60 % in coronary artery diseases (Marenberg et al. 1994 ), 26–69 % in type 2 diabetes (Almgren et al. 2011 ; Poulsen et al. 1999 ), 24–37 % in blood pressure (hypertension) (Van Rijn et al. 2007 ), 35–48 % in heart rate variability (Kupper et al. 2004 ), 40–70 % in obesity (body mass index) (Willyard 2014 ), and 58–66 % in the level of serum lipids (Knoblauch et al. 1997 ). Moreover, there are fairly high genetic co-heritabilities (genetic correlations) between depression and the different cardiometabolic disorders suggesting the influence of pleiotropic genes and shared biological pathways within them.

Literature search was conducted and appropriate material was then extracted to examine the hypothesis.

Identification of shared molecular pathways supports a growing evidence base for cross-diagnostic treatment. Besides, further exploration of overlapping molecular pathophysiology can unveil novel targets for drug development and repurposing of existing medications. Also, cardiometabolic disorders can increase the risk of poor response to standard treatments in mood disorders. Lastly, studying shared pathways of depression and somatic disorders can untangle the clinical and genetic heterogeneity that underlies in these illnesses.

Genetic studies have suggested the involvement of pleiotropic genes in the comorbidity between depression and cardiometabolic disorders. While our abstract attempts to provide some insight into the common mechanisms and role of pleiotropic genes, in-depth understanding of how these genes mediate the association between depression and cardiometabolic diseases requires future larger scale comprehensive cross-disorder research. This will enable us to better understand why patients suffer from multiple diseases at a time and how multi-morbidities influence pharmacological treatment response to diseases.

None Declared