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Master fundamental technologies for modern semiconductor integrated circuits with this definitive textbook. It includes an early introduction of a state-of-the-art CMOS process flow, exposes students to big-picture thinking from the outset, and encourages a practical integration mindset. Extensive use of process and TCAD simulation, using industry tools such as Silvaco Athena and Victory Process, provides students with deeper insight into physical principles, and prepares them for applying these tools in a real-world setting. Accessible framing assumes only a basic background in chemistry, physics and mathematics, providing a gentle introduction for students from a wide range of backgrounds; and over 450 figures (many in color), and more than 280 end-of-chapter problems, will support and cement student understanding. Accompanied by lecture slides and solutions for instructors, this is the ideal introduction to semiconductor technology for senior undergraduate and graduate students in electrical engineering, materials science and physics, and for semiconductor engineering professionals seeking an authoritative introductory reference.
Over the last quarter century, crisis bargaining has become the prevailing paradigm for the study of war. This textbook presents a concise and approachable overview of the crisis bargaining literature, surveying the canonical formal models in the bargaining approach to war. It begins by considering different explanations for war, then delves into two classes of explanation: commitment problems and incomplete information. This textbook is essential reading for advanced undergraduates, graduates, and researchers alike. Each chapter delves into a specific part of the puzzle, rigorously unravelling the twisted logic that causes wars to begin. More than seventy illuminating figures illustrate the strategic reasoning outlined and more than 100 exercises of graded levels of difficulty help clarify readers' own understanding of the issues. Online resources include an instructor answer key and numerous engaging video lectures.
Integrated Digital Marketing in Practice is a comprehensive guide to the transformative effect of digital technologies on all of the key practices of marketing. Considering a broad range of organization types, sizes and markets, this book provides an all-encompassing view of how digital technologies help marketers understand, anticipate and deliver on customer needs as efficiently and effectively as possible. Students will benefit from the clear structure and rich learning features, including case studies, key concepts in brief, digital and research insight boxes, review questions and skills development boxes. Instructor resources include model answers to practice exam questions, teaching slides, group discussion ideas, and practice activities.
Chapter 6 covers simple linear regression and includes the following specific topics, among others: the “best-fitting” line, accuracy of prediction, standardized regression, R as a measure of overall fit, and the importance of the scatterplot.
Chapter 3 covers measures of location, spread and skewness and includes the following specific topics, among others: mode, median, mean, weighted mean, range, interquartile range, variance, standard deviation, and skewness.
This chapter starts with the quantization of a single mode of the electromagnetic field and introduces the photon annihilation and creation operators. The photon number states are introduced. The field quadrature operators are introduced and quantum fluctuations are discussed. Multimode fields are then discussed. Thermal fields are introduced and vacuum fluctuations and the zero-point energy are discussed. The quantum phase of a quantized single-mode field is introduced.
In this chapter we discuss the interaction of radiation with matter, the latter taken to be a two-level atom. We consider interactions with both classical and quantum fields. We first introduce the dipole approximation and the rotating-wave approximation, and then study the Rabi model of a classical field interacting with a two-level atom. We next introduce the quantized field interaction with matter and discuss absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emssion. We then discuss the long-time evolution of a single-mode field with a two-level atom –– the Jaynes––Cummings model.
Chapter 18 covers non-parametric methods and includes the following specific topics, among others: parametric versus non-parametric methods, chi-square distribution, chi-square goodness of fit test, chi-square test of independence, Fisher’s exact test, Wilcoxon sign test, Mann–Whitney U-test, Wilcoxon’s rank sum test, and Kruskal–Wallis analysis of variance.
In this chapter we first discuss the classical coherence functions and then introduce the quantum coherence functions. We present a quantum mechanical discussion of Young’s interference experiment. The Hanbury-Bown and Twiss experiment is discussed, along with higher-order coherence functions.
In this chapter we discuss nonclassical states of light. These include squeezed states of light, states with sub-Poissonian statistics, two-mode squeezed states, photon antibunching, superpositions of coherent states of light –– these being the Schrödinger-cat states. Also discussed in this chapter are the nonclassical states generated by the addition and subtraction of photons.
In this chapter we discuss optical tests of quantum mechanics. These include the Hong––Ou––Mandel effect, quantum erasure, induced coherence, superluminal tunneling of photons, violations of Bell’s inequality, and Franson’s experiment.