Translational research needs to show value through impact on measures that matter to the public, including health and societal benefits. To this end, the Translational Science Benefits Model (TSBM) identified four categories of impact: Clinical, Community, Economic, and Policy. However, TSBM offers limited guidance on how these areas of impact relate to equity. Central to the structure of our Center for American Indian and Alaska Native Diabetes Translation Research are seven regional, independent Satellite Centers dedicated to community-engaged research. Drawing on our collective experience, we provide empirical evidence about how TSBM applies to equity-focused research that centers community partnerships and recognizes Indigenous knowledge. For this special issue – “Advancing Understanding and Use of Impact Measures in Implementation Science” – our objective is to describe and critically evaluate gaps in the fit of TSBM as an evaluation approach with sensitivity to health equity issues. Accordingly, we suggest refinements to the original TSBM Logic model to add: 1) community representation as an indicator of providing community partners “a seat at the table” across the research life cycle to generate solutions (innovations) that influence equity and to prioritize what to evaluate, and 2) assessments of the representativeness of the measured outcomes and benefits.

The lattice parameters and the crystal and magnetic structures of Fe2SiO4 have been determined from 10 K to 1453 K by high-resolution time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction. Fe2SiO4 undergoes two antiferromagnetic phase transformations on cooling from room temperature: the first, at 65.4 K, is to a collinear antiferromagnet with moments on two symmetry-independent Fe ions; the second transition, at ~23 K, is to a structure in which the moments on one of the sets of Fe ions (those on the ‘M1 site’) become canted. The magnetic unit cell is identical to the crystallographic (chemical) unit cell and the space group remains Pbnm throughout. The magnetic structures have been refined and the results found to be in good agreement with previous studies; however, we have determined the spontaneous magnetostrictive strains, which have not been reported previously. In the paramagnetic phase of Fe2SiO4, at temperatures of 70 K and above, we find that the temperature dependence of the linear thermal expansion coefficient of the b axis takes an unusual form. In contrast to the behaviour of the expansion coefficients of the unit-cell volume and of the a and c axes, which show the expected reduction in magnitude below ~300 K, that of the b axis remains almost constant between ~70 K and 1000 K.

A core element for the treatment of psychiatric patients in mental health services is the Psychosocial Rehabilitation. In this work we mainly refer to a training whose targets are fundamental components of the Emotional Intelligence (EI), which is, according to the original Salovey and Mayer's definition (1990), “a set of skills hypothesized to contribute to the accurate appraisal and expression of emotion in oneself and in others, the effective regulation of emotion in self and others, and the use of feelings to motivate, plan, and achieve in one's life”.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of Emotional Management Training and to compare our emotional management assessment to standardized emotional intelligence assessment instruments.

Twenty adult inpatients (from 18 to 55 years of age) were enrolled: ten subjects were assigned to a one year lasting emotional management training (clinical target group) and ten subjects were assigned to a clinical control group; furthermore twenty subjects were selected and assigned to a non-clinical control group. Outcome measures were: emotional management assessment, Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale (SEIS) and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20).

Emotional management assessment outcomes confirm the efficacy of emotional management training. Preliminary results also confirm the effectiveness of the assessment compared to standardized emotional intelligence scales.

Emotional management training improves psychiatric patient competence in terms of: emotions definition and acknowledgement, self-emotion identification, self-emotion sharing, management of stressing situation and intense emotions.

The stellar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) has been studied in the last decade and has been found to be an important factor to determine the habitability of planetary surfaces. It is known that UVR can be a constraint for life. However, most of the studies of UVR and habitability have missed some fundamental aspects: i) Accurate estimation of the planetary atmospheric attenuation, ii) The biological inferences used to represent the impact of the stellar UVR on life are theoretical and based on the action spectrum (for DNA or microorganisms) or considering parameters as the “lethal dose” obtained from non-astrobiological experiments. Therefore, the conclusions reached by previous studies about the UVR habitability of planetary bodies may be inaccurate. In this work, we propose how to address these studies in a more accurate way through an interdisciplinary approach that combines astrophysics, microbiology, and photobiology and by the use of specially designed laboratory experiments.

A new hydrate of magnesium chromate is synthesized by quenching aqueous solutions of MgCrO4 in liquid nitrogen. MgCrO4·11H2O is isostructural with the rare mineral meridianiite (MgSO4·11H2O) being triclinic, , Z = 2, with unit-cell parameters a = 6.811 33(8) Å, b = 6.958 39(9) Å, c = 17.3850(2) Å, α = 87.920(1)°, β = 89.480(1)°, γ = 62.772(1)°, and V = 732.17(1) Å3 at −15 °C. The difference in unit-cell parameters between SO4- and CrO4-bearing species is only partially accounted for by the difference in S–O and Cr–O bond lengths; the remainder of the difference (over 90% in the cell volume) is attributed to weakening of the interpolyhedral hydrogen-bond network.

While spouse similarity for psychiatric morbidity has been the object of numerous studies, most of these focused on clinical samples and, consequently, the interpretation of their results is limited by the existence of a selection bias. In this study, conducted on a sample of 845 general population couples, significant spouse similarity was observed for psychological distress and well-being, characterized by a marked symmetry in the relation between spouses' scores. The sex differences observed in many earlier studies would appear essentially to be artefactual. Spouse similarity was also found to be significant in the subpopulation of couples married less than two years, which pointed to assortative mating for psychological distress and well-being. While many studies have found educational dissimilarity and age difference between spouses to be associated with certain health variables, such as high blood pressure and coronary heart disease, these variables do not have a significant influence on individual levels of psychological distress and well-being. Spouse similarity for socio-demographic characteristics does not play a significant role in explaining spouse similarity for mental health. Consequently, assortative mating for psychological distress and well-being would appear to be primarily due to personal preference.

The feasibility of infecting laboratory rabbits experimentally with the ovine nematode Nematodirus spathiger was examined. Eight-week-old rabbits were dosed either with 5000 or with 17 000 third-stage larvae and killed on days 10, 21 or 42 post-infection. With the lower dose, 20 to 40% of the inoculum were recovered at necropsy. Similar values were recovered at necropsy. Similar values were observed with the 17 000 dose on days 10 and 21 post-infection, but on day 42 the worm population was residual (0·6%). With both dose levels, during the course of infection, the worm populations were mainly composed of fourth-stage larvae and worm egg excretion was low. N. spathiger mainly inhabited the proximal jejunum. The results were compared with N. spathiger infection in sheep to assess the usefulness of the rabbit as an experimental model for Nematodirus infection.

Rabbits were experimentally infected with two levels (5000 and 17000) infective larvae of Nematodirus spathiger. Histological (villus length, mucosa to serosa ratio, crypt surface) and biochemical (protein content, alkaline phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase activities) measurements relating to the small intestinal mucosa were examined along the entire length of the organ. In the proximal intestine, the presence of worms was associated with villus abrasion, increased crypt surface and decreased alkaline phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase activities. Conversely, beyond the main Site of infection in the distal small intestine, some signs of hypertrophied villi and crypts were noted without any changes in enzyme activities. These distal variations were similar to those previously described in experimental Trichostrongylus colubriformis infections of rabbits. These results tend to confirm the use of the rabbit as an experimental model to study Nematodirus infection. They also suggest that the distal adaptive process in the nematode-parasitized small intestine could occur independently of the worm species.

In a setting where potable water is contaminated with Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1, we performed two case control studies. The first case control study consisted of 17 cases of nosocomial Legionnaires' disease (LD) and 33 control (the patients who were admitted to the ward where the case was admitted immediately before and after the case) subjects. Cases had a higher mortality rate 65% vs 12% (P < 0.004); were more likely to have received assisted ventilation (P < 0.00001); to have nasogastric tubes (P < 0.0004) and to be receiving corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive therapy (P < 0.0001). Based on the results of this study, sterile water was used to flush nasogastric tubes and to dilute nasogastric feeds. Only 3 cases of nosocomial LD occurred during the next year compared with 12 the previous year (P < 0.0001). Nine cases subsequently occurred and formed the basis for the second case-control study. Eighteen control subjects were those patients admitted to the same unit where the case developed LD, immediately before and after the case. The mortality rate for the cases was 89% vs 6% for controls (P < 0.00003). The only other significant difference was that cases were more likely to be receiving corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive therapy 89% vs 39% ( < 0.01). We hypothesized that microaspiration of contaminated potable water by immunocompromised patients was a risk factor for nosocomial Legionnaires' disease. From 17 March 1989 onwards such patients were given only sterile potable water. Only two cases of nosocomial LD occurred from June 1989 to September 1990 and both occurred on units where the sterile water policy was not in effect. We conclude that aspiration of contaminated potable water is a possible route for acquisition of nosocomial LD in our hospital and that provision of sterile potable water to high risk patients (those who are receiving corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive drugs; organ transplant recipients or hospitalized in an intensive care unit) should be mandatory.

We present HI data of the dwarf galaxy DDO 47, aimed at testingthe hypothesis that dark halo triaxiality might induce non-circular motions resultingin rotation curves best fitted by cored halos, even if the dark matter halo is intrinsicallycuspy. We performed a harmonic decomposition of the velocity field in order to search for alleged non-circular motions needed to “hide” a cusp: in DDO 47non-circular motions are globally at a level of 2–3 km s-1, far from being sufficient to reconcile the observed rotation curvewith the ΛCDM predictions.We conclude that the dark matter halo around DDO 47 is truly cored and that a cusp cannot be hidden by non-circular motions.More details are shown in Gentile et al. (2005).


Recent X-ray observations have been showing that the old vision ofclusters as peacefully relaxed structures is in most cases absolutelywrong. Coupled with optical and radio observations, these X-ray datashow evidence for violent mechanisms. Results based on XMM-Newton gastemperature maps for four clusters will be presented here.