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12 - France: During the Long Nineteenth Century
from Europe
- By Robert Fox, George Weisz
Edited by Hugh Richard Slotten, University of Otago, New Zealand, Ronald L. Numbers, University of Wisconsin, Madison, David N. Livingstone, Queen's University Belfast
Book:

The Cambridge History of Science

Published online:

21 March 2020

Print publication:

09 April 2020, pp 192-216
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Summary

Historical studies of French science during the nineteenth century have been dominated by three recurring themes that echo the traditional polemical preoccupations of French scientists themselves. First, there has been a focus on the administrative centralization of French science under the aegis of the state. Related to this structural centralization has been a second issue, that of geographical centralization: the concentration of resources, manpower, and influence in Paris at the expense of the provinces. And finally there is the question of the relations between these two factors and a perceived view of scientific decline, or at least of a relative decline, manifested as a sense of failure to maintain the position of international leadership to which the French scientific community has commonly aspired, and even in some cases that it thought to be its due.

Constructing the medical élite in France: The Creation of the Royal Academy of Medicine 1814–20
George Weisz
Journal:

Medical History / Volume 30 / Issue 4 / October 1986

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

16 August 2012, pp. 419-443
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