Macropyge (Promacropyge) scandinavica new species is described from the Furongian Peltura minor Zone on northwestern Mount Kinnekulle, southcentral Sweden. It represents the first macropyginid trilobite recorded in Baltica. M. (P.) scandinavica closely resembles other species of the same subgenus from southeast China, suggesting a correlation between the Scandinavian P. minor Zone and the Lotagnostus americanus-Hedinaspis regalis Zone of China. The specimens are preserved in two limestone lithologies, interpreted as representing alternating normal and storm deposits, supporting the idea of an intrabasinal paleohigh in Västergötland, southcentral Sweden.

The furongian of Mount Kinnekulle, Västergötland, Sweden (Fig. 1) is exposed in a number of road cuts, stream cuts, and abandoned alum shale quarries scattered around the mountain (e.g., Westergård, 1922, fig. 18; Müller and Hinz, 1991, fig. 2). Stratigraphically, the exposed successions span the Olenus gibbosus Zone through the Peltura paradoxa Zone (Fig. 2), and they have a maximum thickness of ca 12 m (Westergård, 1943). The strata consist of interfingering layers of alum shale and bituminous limestone (colloquially referred to as “orsten”). Trilobites, predominantly olenids, occur frequently throughout the succession, although they are generally restricted to the limestones. During an investigation of trilobites in the Lotagnostus americanus Zone (Fig. 2) at two localities on Kinnekulle, the second author (JA) recovered two unusual trilobites. After a closer examination they could be assigned to Elkanaspis Ludvigsen, 1982 and Parabolinella Br⊘gger, 1882, both of which are extremely rare in the Furongian of Scandinavia.

This paper completes the description of intact and three-dimensional Ctenopyge species from the upper Cambrian Peltura minor Zone in Västergötland, central Sweden. All these species are present together, on the same bedding planes. The most abundant species, Ctenopyge (Eoctenopyge) angusta Westergård, 1922 has previously been described, and an almost complete ontogeny worked out. C. (Ctenopyge) gracilis Henningsmoen, 1957 is a small trilobite with nine thoracic segments and very long, thin curving and subparallel thoracic spines; the genal spines partially encircle the body. Two axial spines at the rear are of considerable length. When reconstructed in side view, the posterior thoracic spines rise upwards as an inclined fan, but when relaxed the tips of all the thoracic and axial spines come to lie in the same plane as the horizontal genal spines. An almost complete ontogeny is described for this species, and individuals show an evident spinosity from an early stage, but the body size at which thoracic segments are liberated is highly variable. C. (Ctenopyge) ahlbergi n. sp. is a larger, robust and broad species distinguished by long, stout genal spines, ten thoracic segments, and a very spiny body with the first three to four spines expanded into lateral flanges. A degree 6 meraspis shows these flanges already developing. C. (Ctenopyge) rushtoni n. sp has likewise ten thoracic segments, and has stout, broad-based and tapering spines. Incomplete meraspides 6 and 7 are known for this species. In both C. (Ctenopyge) ahlbergi and C. (Ctenopyge) rushtoni there are also two axial spines at the rear, and the extended body would have had a similar rising tail fan to that of C. (Ctenopyge) gracilis. C. (Mesoctenopyge) tumida is also present as a single large adult and several smaller holaspides. In this species the first thoracic segment is confirmed as bearing a pair of long curving spines, somewhat smaller than the encircling genal spines. The remaining thoracic spines are straight and sharp, and evidently longer in young holaspides. There is a single long axial spine on the last segment. No adult pygidium has been found.

Some comments on the diversity of the fauna as a whole and the range of functional types are appended.