This research explores the integration of regional markets for 21 food commodities in Ghana. Utilizing co-integration tests and autoregressive distributed lag models, it investigates price linkages and market responsiveness, also considering the impact of telecommunications and road infrastructure. The study reveals that markets generally adjust quicker to price increases than decreases, with disparities noted in specific regions and commodities. It emphasizes the importance of improving internet speeds and road quality to enhance market integration, suggesting policy measures to sustain and optimize agri-food networks amid global disruptions.

Farm milk prices tend to be volatile. Dairy farmers, industry pundits, and policymakers further tend to react to price volatility with alarm. One point of concern is the response of retail prices. This study investigates farm-to-retail price transmission in the 2000s for whole milk and Cheddar cheese. Results show that price shocks at the farm gate are transmitted with delay and asymmetry to retail. Differences in the nature of price transmission for whole milk and Cheddar cheese prices are also identified.

The US pork sector has experienced many significant structural changes in recent years. Such changes may have influenced price dynamics and transmission of shocks through marketing channels. We investigate linkages among farm, wholesale, and retail markets using weekly price data for the period covering 1987 through 1998. Our analysis uses a threshold cointegration model that permits asymmetric adjustment to positive and negative price shocks. Our results reveal important asymmetries. Our results are consistent with existing literature which has determined that price adjustment patterns are unidirectional and that information tends to flow from farm, to wholesale, to retail markets.