Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brainneoplasm having a mean survival time of <24 months. This figure remainsconstant, despite significant progress in medical research and treatment.The lack of an efficient anti-tumor immune response and the micro-invasivenature of the glioma malignant cells have been explained by a multitude ofimmune-suppressive mechanisms, proven in different models. Theseimmune-resistant capabilities of the tumor result in a complex interplaythis tumor shares with the immune system. We present a short review on theimmunology of GBM, discussing the different unique pathological andmolecular features of GBM, current treatment modalities, the principles ofcancer immunotherapy and the link between GBM and melanoma. Currentknowledge on immunological features of GBM, as well as immunotherapy pastand current clinical trials, is discussed in an attempt to broadly presentthe complex and formidable challenges posed by GBM.
