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In this chapter, we describe a model of random planar maps weighted by self-dual Fortuin-Kasteleyn (FK) percolation. This can be thought of as a canonical discretisation of Liouville quantum gravity. We start with some generalities about planar maps and then introduce the FK random map model, which depends on a parameter , before explaining the conjectured connection to Liouville quantum gravity. A fundamental tool for studying such random planar maps is Sheffield’s (hamburger-cheeseburger) bijection. We first explain it carefully for tree-decorated maps (the special case of the FK model of planar maps with ), which correspond under this bijection to random walk excursions in the quarter-plane. We then explain its generalisation to in detail. This is first used to show that the maps possess an infinite volume limit in the local topology. Then, a theorem of Sheffield gives a scaling limit result for these maps. One consequence is that a phase transition takes place at . Furthermore, it allows one to compute some associated critical exponents when (which are consistent with the KPZ relation of Chapter 3). These arguments are a discrete analogue of the “mating of trees” perspective on Liouville quantum gravity described in Chapter 9.
We consider a simple random walk on $\mathbb{Z}^d$ started at the origin and stopped on its first exit time from $({-}L,L)^d \cap \mathbb{Z}^d$. Write L in the form $L = m N$ with $m = m(N)$ and N an integer going to infinity in such a way that $L^2 \sim A N^d$ for some real constant $A \gt 0$. Our main result is that for $d \ge 3$, the projection of the stopped trajectory to the N-torus locally converges, away from the origin, to an interlacement process at level $A d \sigma_1$, where $\sigma_1$ is the exit time of a Brownian motion from the unit cube $({-}1,1)^d$ that is independent of the interlacement process. The above problem is a variation on results of Windisch (2008) and Sznitman (2009).
We study the geometry of the component of the origin in the uniform spanning forest of $\mathbb{Z}^{d}$ and give bounds on the size of balls in the intrinsic metric.
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