Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-857557d7f7-nfgnx Total loading time: 0.001 Render date: 2025-12-06T16:11:55.760Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 17 - Chromatin Condensation: Chromomycin A3 (CMA3) Stain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 April 2021

By
Sara Marchiani ,
Lara Tamburrino ,
Francesca Benini ,
Sandra Pellegrini  and
Elisabetta Baldi
Edited by
Ashok Agarwal ,
Ralf Henkel  and
Ahmad Majzoub
Ashok Agarwal
Affiliation:
The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
Ralf Henkel
Affiliation:
University of the Western Cape, South Africa
Ahmad Majzoub
Affiliation:
Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha
Get access

Summary

In order to transport an intact and complete paternal genome to the oocyte, spermatozoa are characterized by an extremely compacted nuclear DNA as compared to the nucleus of somatic cells. Such packaging of the chromatin is obtained through a dramatic nuclear reorganization occurring in developing spermatids leading to an almost complete replacement of histones with protamines. During the epididymal transit, spermatozoa complete the process of chromatin packaging by formation of disulphide bridges in nucleoproteins [1]. This process of sperm maturation is critical for male fertility. Indeed, it has been demonstrated that alterations in chromatin structure could impact male fertility potential compromising both in vivo and in vitro fertilization and the subsequent embryo development [2, 3].

Information

Type
Chapter
Information
Manual of Sperm Function Testing in Human Assisted Reproduction , pp. 151 - 155
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Book purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Ward, WS. Function of sperm chromatin structural elements in fertilization and development. Mol Hum Reprod 2010; 16: 30–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ni, K, Spiess, AN, Schuppe, HC, Steger, K. The impact of sperm protamine deficiency and sperm DNA damage on human male fertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Andrology 2016; 4: 789–99.Google Scholar
Simon, L, Castillo, J, Oliva, R, Lewis, SE. Relationships between human sperm protamines, DNA damage and assisted reproduction outcomes. Reprod Biomed Online 2011; 23: 724–34.Google Scholar
Nijs, M, Creemers, E, Cox, A, Franssen, K, Janssen, M, Vanheusden, E, De Jonge, C, Ombelet, W. Chromomycin A3 staining, sperm chromatin structure assay and hyaluronic acid binding assay as predictors for assisted reproductive outcome. Reprod Biomed Online 2009; 19: 671–84.Google Scholar
Marchiani, S, Tamburrino, L, Benini, F, Fanfani, L, Dolce, R, Rastrelli, G, Maggi, M, Pellegrini, S, Baldi, E. Chromatin protamination and catsper expression in spermatozoa predict clinical outcomes after assisted reproduction programs. Sci Rep 2017; 7: 15122.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dehghanpour, F, Fesahat, F, Yazdinejad, F, Motamedzadeh, L, Talebi, AR. Is there any relationship between human sperm parameters and protamine deficiency in different groups of infertile men? Rev Int Androl 2019; pii: S1698–031X(19)30039-1.Google Scholar
Manochantr, S, Chiamchanya, C, Sobhon, P. Relationship between chromatin condensation, DNA integrity and quality of ejaculated spermatozoa from infertile men. Andrologia 2012; 44: 187–99.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kazerooni, T, Asadi, N, Jadid, L, Kazerooni, M, Ghanadi, A, Ghaffarpasand, F, Kazerooni, Y, Zolghadr, J. Evaluation of sperm's chromatin quality with acridine orange test, chromomycin A3 and aniline blue staining in couples with unexplained recurrent abortion. J Assist Reprod Genet 2009; 26: 591–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gill, K, Rosiak, A, Gaczarzewicz, D, Jakubik, J, Kurzawa, R, Kazienko, A, Rymaszewska, A, Laszczynska, M, Grochans, E, Piasecka, M. The effect of human sperm chromatin maturity on ICSI outcomes. Hum Cell 2018; 31: 220–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sadeghi, MR, Lakpour, N, Heidari-Vala, H, Hodjat, M, Amirjannati, N, Hossaini Jadda, H, Binaafar, S, Akhondi, MM. Relationship between sperm chromatin status and ICSI outcome in men with obstructive azoospermia and unexplained infertile normozoospermia. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2011; 52: 645–51.Google ScholarPubMed
Iranpour, FG. Impact of sperm chromatin evaluation on fertilization rate in intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Adv Biomed Res 2014; 3: 229.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cai, QF, Wan, F, Huang, R, Zhang, HW. Factors predicting the cumulative outcome of IVF/ICSI treatment: a multivariable analysis of 2450 patients. Hum Reprod 2011; 26: 2532–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Accessibility standard: Unknown

Why this information is here

This section outlines the accessibility features of this content - including support for screen readers, full keyboard navigation and high-contrast display options. This may not be relevant for you.

Accessibility Information

Accessibility compliance for the PDF of this book is currently unknown and may be updated in the future.

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×