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Chap 18 - STROMAL TUMORS AND TUMOR-LIKE LESIONS OF THE FEMALE GENITAL TRACT

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 March 2011

By
Markku Miettinen
Edited by
Markku Miettinen
Markku Miettinen
Affiliation:
Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington DC
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Summary

This chapter is devoted to specific mesenchymal tumors of the vulva, vagina, and adjacent soft tissues, and common to most of them is their origin in the hormonally responsive stromal elements, as illustrated by their general estrogen and progesterone receptor positivity. A wide range of other mesenchymal tumors also occurs in this region, but these tumors are not related to the specific stromal tissues and more commonly occur elsewhere in the body. These tumors are discussed in the appropriate chapters. Smooth muscle tumors of the uterus and other female genitalia are included in Chapter 16.

Although most entities in this chapter are specific to women, cellular angiofibroma occurs in women and men. Tumors reported as aggressive angiomyoxomas in male patients belong mostly to other entities, especially cellular angiofibroma.

Sarcomas that are usually primary tumors in the uterus, such as endometrial stromal sarcoma and malignant mixed müllerian tumor (carcinosarcoma), sometimes arise outside of the genitalia in the pelvis or other abdominal locations. These tumors can also metastasize almost anywhere in the abdominal cavity and sometimes outside it, especially the lungs. Among such tumors is also granulosa cell tumor of the ovary, which can recur after long periods and sometimes simulate an intraabdominal mesenchymal tumor. The specific recognition of genital stromal tumors is important because some of them respond to hormonal or antihormonal treatment.

MESODERMAL STROMAL POLYP (PSEUDOSARCOMATOUS STROMAL POLYP)

These polyps vary from those with bland cytology to those that are highly cellular and even pseudosarcomatous, with atypia and mitotic activity.

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Modern Soft Tissue Pathology
Tumors and Non-Neoplastic Conditions
 , pp. 508 - 530
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2010

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