We aim to apply MOSFETs to form gates capable of Boolean logic and to look at some such binary operations.

Our task today is to add to our microcontroller the ability to take in information. We also would like a way to store temporary information efficiently and to not only get accurate delays, but to get delays without tying up the CPU so it can do other work in the meantime.

We’ve grouped here some flip-flop configurations that you have not yet seen. Despite this section’s title, we don’t mean to disparage these circuits. They are extremely useful. We’ve included Verilog code to implement each of these circuit fragments.

Chapter 3 provides an introduction to the sea loads that act on ship structures, focusing on environment-related and transient loads. A hypothetical but realistic scenario of a loaded voyage of a bulk carrier is presented, and is used to identify and subsequently classify all loads that act on the hull girder. These are classified as environment-related, hull girder-related, mechanical equipment-related and cargo-related. The sources of environment-related loads are then discussed. These include hydrostatic pressure, wave loads, thermal gradients, ice loads, wind pressure and related variations on a geographic and temporal basis. Transient wave loads are then discussed (bottom slamming, bow flare impact and deck wetting), followed by a discussion on springing. The discussion of slamming includes hydroelastic effects. The need for nonlinear analysis in estimating springing and whipping loads is discussed in the last section of the chapter.

This lab introduces you to the sordid truth about op-amps: they’re not as good as we said they were last time! Sorry. But after making you confront op-amp imperfections in the first exercise, §7L.1, we return to the cheerier task of looking at more op-amp applications. There, once again, we treat the devices as ideal.

This chapter deals with the linear response of the hull girder to primary loads. The primary structure is defined and vertical bending axial and shear stresses are determined. The theory of shear stresses in open and closed sections is presented. Deflections related to both axial and shear stresses are discussed and hull girder longitudinal bending theory is validated against full-scale measurements. Initial design considerations for longitudinal strength are discussed in relation to rule requirements and the calculation of the section modulus of a transverse section. The combined effect of axial bending and shear-induced axial stresses is discussed and shear lag is defined and calculated. The effective breadth method is described. Horizontal bending of the hull girder is discussed next. The response of the hull girder to torsional loading is discussed next. Torsion theory of thin-walled sections is presented and this leads is applied to the analysis of sections consisting of a number of closed cells subjected to uniform torsion. The last section deals with the determination of critical regions of the hull girder for longitudinal strength with respect to yielding, given that the stress field is multiaxial, longitudinal bending stresses being one component.

In Chapter 12N we treat MOSFET switches and some of their applications. This note says a little more about both MOSFETs and the junction type, JFETs. You can safely ignore this note if you’re only concerned with MOSFET applications, as we are in our lab exercises.

There are a number of [relatively] low-cost, small FPGA breakout boards that will work with the exercises in this book.1 What sets the WebFPGA apart from the other choices is its development environment.

A flows through the movement (a coil that deflects in the magnetic field of a permanent magnet: seefor a sketch). The remaining current must bypass the movement; but the current through the movement must remain proportional to the whole current.

The advantage of using a real-time operating system (embOS in our case) becomes abundantly clear when you need to add features or modifications to an existing program. The natural partitioning of an RTOS application into individual tasks with limited communication channels makes modifying existing code not only much more contained, but also much less likely to introduce new bugs into working code.

This chapter looks at two complex applications of operational amplifiers, the PID (Proportional, Integral, Derivative) control loop and the Lock-in Amplifier. Each application could a fill chapter in itself and we don’t expect you to get through the notes and labs in a single session.

Are we pushing the breathless pace of this course too far in proposing to dispose of Field Effect Transistors (FETs) in a day? We gave more time to bipolar transistors, and much more to operational amplifiers.