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10306 results in History of science: general interest

Page 165 of 516

  • BJH volume 45 issue 4 Cover and Front matter

  • Journal:
    The British Journal for the History of Science / Volume 45 / Issue 4 / December 2012
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    21 January 2013, pp. f1-f2
    Print publication:
    December 2012
    • Article
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  • ‘The monster’? The British popular press and nuclear culture, 1945–early 1960s

  • ADRIAN BINGHAM
  • Journal:
    The British Journal for the History of Science / Volume 45 / Issue 4 / December 2012
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    21 January 2013, pp. 609-624
    Print publication:
    December 2012

  • British popular newspapers were fascinated by the terrible power of the nuclear bomb, and they devoted countless articles, editorials and cartoons to it. In so doing, they played a significant role in shaping the nuclear culture of the post-war period. Yet scholars have given little sustained attention to this rich seam of material. This article makes a contribution to remedying this major gap by offering an overview of the coverage of nuclear weaponry in the two most popular newspapers in Britain, the Daily Express and the Daily Mirror, in the period from 1945 to the early 1960s. Although both papers supported British possession of the bomb, claiming that it was essential for the maintenance of great-power status, their reporting was more complex and critical than the existing scholarship has tended to assume. This article argues that sceptical voices in the press often disrupted official narratives and that journalists emphasized the potential dangers involved in the nuclear arms race. Newspapers frequently highlighted, rather than downplayed, the horrors of the bomb: it was repeatedly portrayed as a ‘monster’ threatening the world.

Science, Democracy, and the American University
  • From the Civil War to the Cold War
  • Andrew Jewett
  • Published online:
    05 November 2012
    Print publication:
    29 October 2012
  • This book reinterprets the rise of the natural and social sciences as sources of political authority in modern America. Andrew Jewett demonstrates the remarkable persistence of a belief that the scientific enterprise carried with it a set of ethical values capable of grounding a democratic culture - a political function widely assigned to religion. The book traces the shifting formulations of this belief from the creation of the research universities in the Civil War era to the early Cold War years. It examines hundreds of leading scholars who viewed science not merely as a source of technical knowledge, but also as a resource for fostering cultural change. This vision generated surprisingly nuanced portraits of science in the years before the military-industrial complex and has much to teach us today about the relationship between science and democracy.

  • Research travel and disciplinary identities in the University of Cambridge, 1885–1955

  • MICHAEL HEFFERNAN, HEIKE JÖNS
  • Journal:
    The British Journal for the History of Science / Volume 46 / Issue 2 / June 2013
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    05 November 2012, pp. 255-286
    Print publication:
    June 2013

  • This article considers the role of overseas academic travel in the development of the modern research university, with particular reference to the University of Cambridge from the 1880s to the 1950s. The Cambridge academic community, relatively sedentary at the beginning of this period, became progressively more mobile and globalized through the early twentieth century, facilitated by regular research sabbaticals. The culture of research travel diffused at varying rates, and with differing consequences, across the arts and humanities and the field, laboratory and theoretical sciences, reshaping disciplinary identities and practices in the process. The nature of research travel also changed as the genteel scholarly excursion was replaced by the purposeful, output-orientated expedition.

Arabian Medicine
  • The FitzPatrick Lectures Delivered at the College of Physicians in November 1919 and November 1920
  • E. G. Browne
  • Published online:
    05 November 2012
    Print publication:
    15 May 2011
    First published in:
    1921
  • E. G. Browne (1862–1926), who combined outstanding skills in medicine and Arabic and Persian studies, has left an indelible mark in his fields of expertise. He first learned Turkish in his teens, and went on to study all the languages of the Islamic tradition, while also qualifying as a physician. This collection of four FitzPatrick Lectures, delivered at the Royal College of Physicians in 1919–20, and first published in 1921, covers subjects such as Arabic as a scientific language, the transmission of Greek learning, and important Islamic medieval writers. Brown describes the role of Islamic physicians in transmitting Greek and Roman medical science through the Dark Ages, both preserving and building upon texts which were lost or misunderstood in the West. He further argues that the scientific elements of Islamic literature should be seen as complementing and supporting the imaginative and aesthetic works of literature, history and poetry.

Page 165 of 516