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10306 results in History of science: general interest

Page 313 of 516

  • Eleanor Ormerod (1828–1901) as an economic entomologist: ‘pioneer of purity even more than of Paris Green’†

  • J. F. McDiarmid Clark
  • Journal:
    The British Journal for the History of Science / Volume 25 / Issue 4 / December 1992
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    05 January 2009, pp. 431-452
    Print publication:
    December 1992
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  • In 1924, Virginia Woolf wrote a short story based upon the life of Eleanor Ormerod. A wealthy spinster, Ormerod achieved notoriety in late nineteenth-century Britain as an economic entomologist. In 1904, Nature compared her to Caroline Herschel and Mary Somerville. In terms of recent scholarship devoted to the history of women in science, Ormerod's career differed markedly from that of her two predecessors. The emotional or intellectual support of a brother, husband, father, or male family relation made no considerable contribution to her commitment to the study of entomology. Furthermore, her life as an independent spinster offered no positive proof for Francis Power Cobbe's dictum: as she aged, Eleanor Ormerod showed no tendency to become a ‘women's rights woman’. She publicly accepted or internalized the dominant, masculine ideology of science; and by contemporary standards, she achieved success.

  • Engineering science in Glasgow: economy, efficiency and measurement as prime movers in the differentiation of an academic discipline†

  • Ben Marsden
  • Journal:
    The British Journal for the History of Science / Volume 25 / Issue 3 / September 1992
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    05 January 2009, pp. 319-346
    Print publication:
    September 1992

  • In what follows I use the term ‘academic engineering’ to describe the teaching of engineering within a university or college of higher education: specifically, this differentiates an institutional teaching framework from the broader assimilation of engineering working practices in nineteenth-century Britain by the then standard method of apprenticeship or pupillage, and from the practice of engineering as a profession. The growth of academic engineering, both in terms of student numbers and the variety of courses, profoundly influenced the structure of what we might call ‘practical engineering’, the status of engineering as a profession searching for recognition within society, and the corporate relationship between engineers and places of higher education. These are issues which I will only touch on here.

  • BJH volume 25 issue 3 Cover and Back matter

  • Journal:
    The British Journal for the History of Science / Volume 25 / Issue 3 / September 1992
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    05 January 2009, pp. b1-b10
    Print publication:
    September 1992
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Page 313 of 516