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46862 results in Management

Page 772 of 2344

  • 4 - Schwartz Cultural Values: Implications for Global Work–Family Research

  • from Part II - Assessing Cultural and Structural Differences
  • Edited by Kristen M. Shockley, University of Georgia, Winny Shen, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Ryan C. Johnson, Ohio University
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of the Global Work–Family Interface
    Published online:
    16 April 2018
    Print publication:
    26 April 2018, pp 89-102

  • Summary

    The present chapter presents Schwartz´s (2006) theory of cultural values, which identifies seven cultural value orientations (i.e. affective autonomy, intellectual autonomy, embeddedness, egalitarianism, hierarchy, mastery, and harmony) organized in three bipolar cultural dimensions and forming a coherent circular structure. The chapter then contrasts Schwartz´s (2006) cultural value orientations with other cultural dimensions used in the cross-cultural literature. Based on previous work-family research, the chapter encourages work-family scholars to explore the role of cultural value orientations on two important work-family related outcomes, namely work-family conflict and work-family enrichment. Specifically, based on this review, the chapter proposes research questions pertaining to the independent and interactive effects of cultural value orientations on work-family demands, work-family involvement, social support, and, ultimately, work-family enrichment and work-family conflict.

  • 10 - Leveraging Archival Data in Global Work–Family Research: The Case of Time Use Data

  • from Part III - Methodological Considerations
  • Edited by Kristen M. Shockley, University of Georgia, Winny Shen, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Ryan C. Johnson, Ohio University
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of the Global Work–Family Interface
    Published online:
    16 April 2018
    Print publication:
    26 April 2018, pp 193-211

  • Summary

    In this chapter we introduce time use data as a resource for studying work and family across cultures. We describe the historical relevance of time use studies, and the main methods of data collection. We discuss their main advantages and disadvantages, arguing that time use surveys based on diaries are the most reliable way to collect time use data. We show the existence of time use data for various countries and we discuss challenges for comparing time diary data across time and space. Data comparability and survey complexity are barriers to working with time use surveys from different countries. However, some initiatives have partially addressed these issues by providing streamlined access to the datasets and making them easier to manage. Finally, we include a case study illustrating how time diary data may be used to compare family time in the United States and Spain.

  • Introduction

  • Stephen M. Bainbridge, M. Todd Henderson
  • Book:
    Outsourcing the Board
    Published online:
    19 April 2018
    Print publication:
    26 April 2018, pp 1-14

  • Summary

    Corporate governance failures are a familiar part of modern capitalism in the U.S. and abroad today. Many of these boards were more or less doing what boards everywhere were doing and according to the best practices of the time. And yet, each failure begat a new solution, usually focused on the board. Despite numerous reforms, too many boards are still broken. We argue that boards fail because they are comprised exclusively of human beings. Accordingly, we have in mind outsourcing the board of directors’ functions to a separate entity. We call the separate entities that would offer other firms board services “board service providers” (BSPs).

  • 18 - A Review of Work–Family Research in the Middle East

  • from Part IV - Review of Research in Regions across the Globe
  • Edited by Kristen M. Shockley, University of Georgia, Winny Shen, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Ryan C. Johnson, Ohio University
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of the Global Work–Family Interface
    Published online:
    16 April 2018
    Print publication:
    26 April 2018, pp 337-351

  • Summary

    Examination of the work-family interface in Middle Eastern countries is a relatively nascent area of research. In this chapter, we discuss sociocultural, economic, and religious factors specific to this region that may inform predictions regarding the interface of the work and family domains. We also discuss extant research on both antecedents and outcomes of work-family conflict (WFC) — a construct that has received the majority of research attention for this region. In general, findings mirror previous research in Western cultures in that both situational and dispositional correlates are important for predicting WFC. Additionally, WFC is associated with negative attitudinal and well-being outcomes in both the work and family domains. We conclude with a discussion of measurement considerations and directions for future research.

  • 37 - Implications of Work–Family Connections for Children’s Well-Being across the Globe

  • from Part VII - Family Perspectives
  • Edited by Kristen M. Shockley, University of Georgia, Winny Shen, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Ryan C. Johnson, Ohio University
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of the Global Work–Family Interface
    Published online:
    16 April 2018
    Print publication:
    26 April 2018, pp 681-698

  • Summary

    The purpose of this chapter is to provide insights on the implications of parental work for children’s well-being as embedded within varying cultural and societal contexts. The chapter begins by describing salient dimensions of parents’ work (i.e., work status and hours, work conditions and experiences, work-family conflict, work-related beliefs) and processes that link parents’ work to child well-being (i.e., spillover, crossover). The chapter then discusses specific cultural factors that play a role in the relationship between the work-family interface and child well-being. The final section briefly highlights potential areas for future research and policy implications for work-family linkages to child well-being. The focus is on broad indicators of children’s well-being, including psychosocial (e.g., relationships, problem behavior) and physical health, and educational and vocational outcomes (e.g., academic achievement, work ethic), as the specific nature of positive child well-being varies to some degree across cultural contexts.

  • 12 - The BSP in a Post-Monitoring Board World

  • from Part IV - BSPs and the Frontiers of Corporate Governance
  • Stephen M. Bainbridge, M. Todd Henderson
  • Book:
    Outsourcing the Board
    Published online:
    19 April 2018
    Print publication:
    26 April 2018, pp 190-204

  • Summary

    Chapter 12 examines the emergent school of thought contending that shareholder activism is a response to alleged shortcomings of the monitoring model. As the argument goes, businesses have grown exponentially in size and complexity in recent decades, while traditional boards have been unable to adapt these changes. The problem is compounded by legal changes—such as Sarbanes-Oxley § 404—that have heaped a series of new duties on boards that distract directors from monitoring aspects of the firm not governed by the various new compliance regimes. Proponents of this line of argument contend that boards need to evolve to a “thickly informed” director model, in which the board would develop deep knowledge about the company and its industry, which would require significant changes in what directors do and how board structure might evolve to support this broader role. In our view, the BSP model is an ideal vehicle for implementing such a post-monitoring board.

  • 40 - A Cross-National View of Personal Responsibility for Work–Life Balance

  • from Part VIII - Individual Perspectives
  • Edited by Kristen M. Shockley, University of Georgia, Winny Shen, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Ryan C. Johnson, Ohio University
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of the Global Work–Family Interface
    Published online:
    16 April 2018
    Print publication:
    26 April 2018, pp 733-746

  • Summary

    We propose work-family researchers investigate individual differences in personal responsibility for work-life balance (PRWLB), defined as a self-directed attitude toward work-life balance that recognizes personal choice and priorities. We examine variation in PRWLB across country, gender, and cultural values. Data were collected from 3446 employees working for a multinational firm in eight countries (i.e., Egypt, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Morocco, Nigeria, Poland, Russia, and Turkey). Results indicated significant variation in PRWLB across countries with participants from Hungary reporting the lowest mean scores and participants from Russia reporting the highest mean scores. Variation as a function of cultural values and interactions between cultural values and gender were also detected. Our findings demonstrate that the perspective that one takes in terms of personal responsibility meaningfully varies across cultural contexts. We describe implications for the development of culture-sensitive theories of work-family experiences. 

Page 772 of 2344