The youth mental health debate is often framed in alarming terms, yet evidence for a recent surge in mental disorder prevalence remains inconclusive. We argue that much of the apparent increase relies on self-report data, and thus may reflect heightened awareness of mental problems in youth themselves. Long-term epidemiological studies indicate relative stability or even decline until the COVID-19 pandemic, after which rates of anxiety and depression rose sharply. At the same time, indicators of youth development – including reduced school drop-out, unemployment, delinquency, and adversity – suggest more positive trajectories than the crisis narrative implies. We call for a shift beyond the disorder–distress dichotomy, recognizing the increased visibility and vocalization of emotional difficulties among adolescents as a positive sign, potentially reflecting adaptive coping rather than pathology. Such reframing will steer novel solutions that focus on promoting well-being and understanding what keeps youth healthy, rather than just treating illness.

The cerebral neocortex is essential for the complex feature extractions underlying sensory perception. Pain is an exception. Its adaptive message, fight or flee, is already available at the first central synapse. We propose that raw consciousness emerged with pain. Eons later the cortical supercomputer began providing complex computational output to the primeval circuitry of conscious pain experience, already operating subcortically.

In this study, HFRS data were obtained from China CDC and ECDC, while monthly meteorological data and GDP were extracted from the National Bureau of Statistics of China website. Descriptive epidemiology, time series decomposition, and spatial autocorrelation analyses were employed to evaluate HFRS incidence patterns. A spatial panel data model was used to estimate the effects of meteorological and socio-economic variables on HFRS incidence. The average annual incidence rate of HFRS was 0.90/100000 in China, compared to 29.3/100000 in Finland. The incidence level in China was comparable to that in Belgium and the EU/EEA (excluding the UK), the high-incidence age group was 45–64 years, which was similar to Finland and the EU/EEA. HFRS in China exhibited marked seasonality. Three north-eastern provinces, Shaanxi, Shandong, and Jiangxi reported higher incidence rates. After adjusting for spatial individual effects and spatial autocorrelation, HFRS incidence was negatively associated with precipitation during the same period, per capita GDP showed no significant effect on HFRS incidence. Continued surveillance and prevention of HFRS remain necessary in China, particularly in Shaanxi. Additional disease prevention and control efforts should be directed towards individuals aged 45–64 years during the high-risk period from October to December.

Sleep stages resembling the REM and non-REM (NREM) phases observed in mammals and birds were recently found in other vertebrates, cephalopods, and euarthropods. REM sleep-like stages could mark a leap in cognitive evolution, by regulating the visuomotor elaboration that Coombs and Trestman deem essential for the cognitively complex lineages. The more widespread NREM sleep-like stages likely modulate metabolism and homeostasis of synaptic circuits.

Nutritional status has been compromised by ongoing war and restrictions on food deliveries in the Gaza Strip. We developed a mathematical model that outputs retrospective estimates and scenario-based projections of acute malnutrition prevalence among children given caloric intake and other factors. We present here the model and its application to the crisis in Gaza. We extended an existing mechanistic model for weight change as a function of energy balance, calibrating it to represent variability in growth curves observed in pre-war Gaza. We simulated open cohorts of children exposed to time-varying caloric intake, infant exclusive breast-feeding prevalence, incidence of infectious disease and coverage of malnutrition treatment, while allowing for adult caloric sacrifice to supplement child intake in times of food scarcity. The model accurately replicates growth standards, pre-war growth patterns and expected parameter dependencies. It suggests that a considerable increase in acute malnutrition occurred in northern Gaza during early 2024. Projections for late 2024 include a serious nutritional emergency if relatively pessimistic assumptions are made about food availability. The model may hold considerable promise for informing decisions in humanitarian response but requires further validation and development.

Candida auris has emerged as a major nosocomial pathogen due to multidrug resistance (MDR), outbreak potential, and high mortality in critically ill patients. Identifying risk factors for C. auris candidemia is essential for prevention and infection control. In this single-centre, retrospective case–control study, we analysed adults with C. auris candidemia (n = 52) and matched controls (n = 104) hospitalized between February 2019 and October 2024. Matching was based on hospital unit and blood culture timing. Clinical and epidemiological variables were compared, and multivariate logistic regression identified independent risk factors. Antifungal susceptibility and 14- and 28-day all-cause mortality were evaluated as secondary outcomes. Independent risk factors included recent hospitalization (odds ratio (OR): 7.93), prolonged hospital stay (OR: 1.01), prior broad-spectrum antibiotic use (OR: 46.20), central venous catheter (CVC) (OR: 3.88), sepsis (OR: 9.43), and high Candida Colonization Index (OR: 14.10). All-cause mortality at 14 and 28 days was 30.8% and 46.2%, respectively. Fluconazole resistance was 96%, while 8.7% of isolates were pandrug resistant. C. auris candidemia represents a serious clinical challenge with substantial mortality and modifiable risk factors. Strengthening antimicrobial stewardship, colonization surveillance, and early recognition in high-risk patients may reduce its impact.

Collaboration across the Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) consortium is essential for advancing translational science, yet institutional silos often hinder data-sharing and benchmarking efforts. This study examines the viability of a voluntary, multi-hub analysis of the CTSA education common metric on trainee and scholar engagement across five New York City-based sites or “hubs.” Using a structured framework for collaboration and field-tested operational guidelines, a team of evaluators dubbed “The Gotham Group” pooled de-identified common education data to assess post-training research engagement and demographic representation. Their primary objective was to establish a sustainable model for independent data-sharing without national mandates or technical support. A secondary goal was to reassess the metric’s usefulness as an impact benchmark. Results showed that NYC education engagement percentages remained stable despite institutional differences, suggesting the metric’s viability for regional comparison. More importantly, the collaboration itself proved as valuable as its outcomes, fostering professional relationships, facilitating knowledge exchange, and strengthening evaluation capacity within and across the hubs. This study highlights the potential of voluntary data-sharing partnerships to overcome data silos and to create valuable networks driving continuous improvement in translational science.

This case underscores an uncommon presentation of Pulmonary artery hypertension which, to our knowledge, has limited neonatal data. Its atypical course reveals diagnostic pitfalls that, if unrecognized, may delay effective therapy. This report highlights options for early recognition and management. It serves as a reminder that clinicians should maintain vigilance for a simple respiratory distress, even in settings where it is not expected. Ultimately, this case adds to the limited literature and could influence practice by expanding differential diagnoses, refining diagnostic algorithms, or prompting guideline modifications in similar clinical scenarios.