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Robust statistics is the study of designing estimators that perform well even when the dataset significantly deviates from the idealized modeling assumptions, such as in the presence of model misspecification or adversarial outliers in the dataset. The classical statistical theory, dating back to pioneering works by Tukey and Huber, characterizes the information-theoretic limits of robust estimation for most common problems. A recent line of work in computer science gave the first computationally efficient robust estimators in high dimensions for a range of learning tasks. This reference text for graduate students, researchers, and professionals in machine learning theory, provides an overview of recent developments in algorithmic high-dimensional robust statistics, presenting the underlying ideas in a clear and unified manner, while leveraging new perspectives on the developed techniques to provide streamlined proofs of these results. The most basic and illustrative results are analyzed in each chapter, while more tangential developments are explored in the exercises.
This chapter considers a different, although closely related method. In this approach, we first bound the expectation of the supremum of an underlying empirical process using the so-called Rademacher complexity, and then use concentration inequalities to obtain high-probability bounds. This approach simplifies various derivations in generalization analysis.
This chapter derives covering number estimates of certain function classes, including some parametric and nonparametric function classes. They can be used to bound the complexity of various machine learning problems.
This chapter is devoted to the optimal particle filter (OPF). Like the bootstrap particle filter (BPF) from the previous chapter, the OPF approximates the filtering distribution by a sum of Dirac masses. But while the BPF is conceptually derived by factorizing the update of the filtering distribution into a prediction and an analysis step, the OPF uses a different factorization which can result in improved performance.
In this chapter we introduce data assimilation problems in which the model of interest, and the data associated with it, have a time-ordered nature.We distinguish between the filtering problem (on-line) in which the data is incorporated sequentially as it comes in, and the smoothing problem (off-line) which is a specific instance of the inverse problems that have been the subject of the preceding chapters.