Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-c4f8m Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T07:23:50.268Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The brighter the light, the deeper the shadow: Morality also fuels aggression, conflict, and violence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 May 2018

Robert Böhm
Affiliation:
School of Business and Economics, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany. robert.boehm@rwth-aachen.dehttp://www.robertboehm.info
Isabel Thielmann
Affiliation:
Cognitive Psychology Lab, University of Koblenz-Landau, 76829 Landau, Germany. thielmann@uni-landau.dehilbig@uni-landau.dehttp://www.cognition.uni-landau.de/people/isabel-thielmann-mschttp://www.cognition.uni-landau.de/hilbig
Benjamin E. Hilbig
Affiliation:
Cognitive Psychology Lab, University of Koblenz-Landau, 76829 Landau, Germany. thielmann@uni-landau.dehilbig@uni-landau.dehttp://www.cognition.uni-landau.de/people/isabel-thielmann-mschttp://www.cognition.uni-landau.de/hilbig Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, 53113 Bonn, Germany.

Abstract

We argue that, in addition to the positive effects and functionality of morality for interactions among in-group members as outlined in the target article, morality may also fuel aggression and conflict in interactions between morality-based out-groups. We summarize empirical evidence showing that negative cognitions, emotions, and behaviors are particularly likely to appear between out-groups with opposing moral convictions.

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Böhm, R., Rusch, H. & Gürerk, Ö. (2016) What makes people go to war? Defensive intentions motivate retaliatory and preemptive intergroup aggression. Evolution and Human Behavior 37:2934.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brewer, M. B. (1999) The psychology of prejudice: Ingroup love or outgroup hate? Journal of Social Issues 55:429–44.Google Scholar
Buhl, T. (1999) Positive-negative asymmetry in social discrimination: Meta-analytical evidence. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 2:5158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Choi, J.-K. & Bowles, S. (2007) The coevolution of parochial altruism and war. Science 318:636–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gray, K., Young, L. & Waytz, A. (2012) Mind perception is the essence of morality. Psychological Inquiry 23:101–24.Google Scholar
Halevy, N., Bornstein, G. & Sagiv, L. (2008) “In-group love” and “out-group hate” as motives for individual participation in intergroup conflict: A new game paradigm. Psychological Science 19:405–11.Google Scholar
Halperin, E., Russell, A. G., Dweck, C. S. & Gross, J. J. (2011) Anger, hatred, and the quest for peace: Anger can be constructive in the absence of hatred. Journal of Conflict Resolution 55:274–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haslam, N. (2006) Dehumanization: An integrative review. Personality and Social Psychology Review 10:252–64.Google Scholar
Leidner, B. & Castano, E. (2012) Morality shifting in the context of intergroup violence. European Journal of Social Psychology 42:8291.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parker, M. T. & Janoff-Bulman, R. (2013) Lessons from morality-based social identity: The power of outgroup “hate,” not just ingroup “love.Social Justice Research 26:8196.Google Scholar
Struch, N. & Schwartz, S. H. (1989) Intergroup aggression: Its predictors and distinctness from in-group bias. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 56:364–73.Google Scholar
Thielmann, I. & Böhm, R. (2016) Who does (not) participate in intergroup conflict? Social Psychological and Personality Science 7:778–87.Google Scholar
Waytz, A., Young, L. L. & Ginges, J. (2014) Motive attribution asymmetry for love vs. hate drives intractable conflict. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 111:15687–92.Google Scholar
Weisel, O. & Böhm, R. (2015) “Ingroup love” and “outgroup hate” in intergroup conflict between natural groups. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 60:110–20.Google Scholar