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Emphasising non-penetrating collisions, the second edition of Impact Mechanics develops several different methodologies for analysing collisions between structures - from rigid body theory for structures that are stiff and compact, to vibration and wave analyses for flexible structures. A valuable reference for both professionals and advanced undergraduate and graduate students, the book builds upon foundation courses in dynamics and strength of materials. Worked examples and end-of-chapter homework problems are drawn both from industry and sports such as golf, baseball, soccer and billiards. New chapters present a generalised theory of multi-body impact, as well as analyses of visco-elastic and visco-plastic impact. Effects of local compliance on impact dynamics are more generally described, and additional examples illustrating effects of friction during impact between bodies in either collinear or eccentric configurations are included.
Chapter 1 illustrates the art of formulating geodynamical model problems using three case studies: heat transfer from mantle diapirs, subduction, and plume-lithosphere interaction. Emphasis is placed on a hierarchical approach in which simple initial models guide the formulation of progressively more complex and realistic models.
Chapter 11 discusses convection in more geodynamically realistic systems. These include compressible convection governed by the anelastic liquid equations, convection in a fluid with temperature-dependent viscosity, small-scale convection beneath the lithosphere, convection in a compositionally stratified mantle, and convection in the presence of a phase transition.
Chapter 3 discusses the closely related concepts of self-similarity and intermediate asymptotics by way of three examples: heat conduction in an impulsively heated rod; a self-similar buoyant thermal; and the Rayleigh-Taylor instability. The last of these introduces the notion of intermediate asymptotics with respect to problem parameters other than the time.
Chapter 5 treats the theories of the deformation of elastic solids and viscoelastic bodies, emphasizing the correspondence principles that relate these two types of behavior to each other and to the behavior of viscous fluids. The specific examples discussed are the flexure of an elastic plate and the deformation of a stratified viscoelastic sphere subject to surface loads.