[IH ъA became IE ə. IH ъ? became Hitt. a; IH ъx became Hitt. aḫ(ḫ); IH ъγ became Hitt. aḫ before a vowel, a before s.]

[An argument against Sturtevant's interpretation of the aspiration by laryngeals in the IH personal endings (Lang. 16.179–82); summarized in the last section.]

[The existence of visarga as a phonetic reality has been both accepted and denied. Evidence in the Prātiśākhyas points to the phonetic existence of several spirants written ḥ. These spirants, jihvāmūlīya and upadhmānīya, are shown to be allophones of visarga, which in turn is interpreted as a subclass of the s phoneme.]

[In the perfect of the Latin first and fourth conjugations, the ‘long’ paradigm in , etc. is posterior in formation to the ‘short’ paradigm in , etc. The latter represents an old inherited Indo-European perfect paradigm; it was the normal form in Vulgar Latin, and is continued in the ‘weak’ preterites of the Romance languages.]

[The article describes the distribution of the terms shown on Map 113 of the AIS, and attempts to explain this distribution on the basis of linguistic geography and semantic development. It closes with a brief comparison of the names for the cheek in the AIS and the ALF.]

[After a brief statement concerning junctures, prosodemes, and consonants, the paper is devoted to a phonemic analysis of the syllabic sounds of English (the vowels and diphthongs) on the basis of their phonetic character, their distribution, and their mutual relations. The results of the analysis are summarized in a table of syllabics and in a concise description of the total pattern.]