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Extended symmetry analysis of remarkable (1+2)-dimensional Fokker–Planck equation

Part of: Parabolic equations and systems Representations of solutions Partial differential equations Symmetries and Differential Equations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 May 2023

Serhii D. Koval Open the ORCID record for Serhii D. Koval [Opens in a new window] ,
Alexander Bihlo Open the ORCID record for Alexander Bihlo [Opens in a new window]  and
Roman O. Popovych Open the ORCID record for Roman O. Popovych [Opens in a new window]
Serhii D. Koval
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada Department of Mathematics, Kyiv Academic University, 36 Vernads’koho Blvd, 03142 Kyiv, Ukraine
Alexander Bihlo
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
Roman O. Popovych*
Affiliation:
Mathematical Institute, Silesian University in Opava, Na Rybníčku 1, 746 01 Opava, Czech Republic Institute of Mathematics of NAS of Ukraine, 3 Tereshchenkivska Str., 01024 Kyiv, Ukraine
*
*Correspondence author. Emails: skoval@mun.ca, abihlo@mun.ca, rop@imath.kiev.ua
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Abstract

We carry out the extended symmetry analysis of an ultraparabolic Fokker–Planck equation with three independent variables, which is also called the Kolmogorov equation and is singled out within the class of such Fokker–Planck equations by its remarkable symmetry properties. In particular, its essential Lie invariance algebra is eight-dimensional, which is the maximum dimension within the above class. We compute the complete point symmetry pseudogroup of the Fokker–Planck equation using the direct method, analyse its structure and single out its essential subgroup. After listing inequivalent one- and two-dimensional subalgebras of the essential and maximal Lie invariance algebras of this equation, we exhaustively classify its Lie reductions, carry out its peculiar generalised reductions and relate the latter reductions to generating solutions with iterative action of Lie-symmetry operators. As a result, we construct wide families of exact solutions of the Fokker–Planck equation, in particular, those parameterised by an arbitrary finite number of arbitrary solutions of the (1+1)-dimensional linear heat equation. We also establish the point similarity of the Fokker–Planck equation to the (1+2)-dimensional Kramers equations whose essential Lie invariance algebras are eight-dimensional, which allows us to find wide families of exact solutions of these Kramers equations in an easy way.

Keywords

(1+2)-dimensional ultraparabolic Fokker–Planck equationcomplete point-symmetry pseudogroupLie symmetryLie reductionsexact solutionsKramers equations

MSC classification

Primary: 35B06: Symmetries, invariants, etc.
Secondary: 35K10: Second-order parabolic equations 35K70: Ultraparabolic equations, pseudoparabolic equations, etc. 35C05: Solutions in closed form 35A30: Geometric theory, characteristics, transformations 35C06: Self-similar solutions

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Papers
Information
European Journal of Applied Mathematics , Volume 34 , Special Issue 5: Symmetries and Differential Equations , October 2023 , pp. 1067 - 1098
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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