Abendroth, A. K., & Den Dulk, L. (2011). Support for the work–life balance in Europe: The impact of state, workplace and family support on work–life balance satisfaction. Work, Employment & Society, 25, 234–256.Google Scholar

Andres, M., Moelker, R., & Soeters, J. (2012). The work–family interface and turnover intentions over the course of project-oriented assignments abroad. International Journal of Project Management, 30, 752–759.Google Scholar

Aybars, A. I. (2007). Work–life balance in the EU and leave arrangements across welfare regimes. Industrial Relations Journal, 38, 569–590.Google Scholar

Bakacsi, G., Sandor, T., Andras, K., & Viktor, I. (2002). Eastern European cluster: Tradition and transition. Journal of World Business, 37, 69–80.Google Scholar

Bakker, A. B., & Geurts, S. A. (2004). Toward a dual-process model of work-home interference. Work and Occupations, 31, 345–366.Google Scholar

Bakker, A. B., ten Brummelhuis, L. L., Prins, J. T., & van der Heijden, F. M. M. A. (2011). Applying the job demands–resources model to the work–home interface: A study among medical residents and their partners. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79,170–180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Beham, B. (2011). Work–family conflict and organizational citizenship behaviour: Empirical evidence from Spanish employees. Community, Work, & Family, 14, 63–80.Google Scholar

Beham, B., & Drobnič, S. (2010). Satisfaction with work–family balance among German office workers. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 25, 669–689.Google Scholar

Beham, B., & Drobnič, S. (2011). Job demands and work-home interference: Empirical evidence from service sector employees in eight European Countries. In Work–life Balance in Europe (pp. 95–119). UK: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar

Beham, B., Drobnič, S., & Präg, P. (2011). Work demands and resources and the work–family interface: Testing a salience model on German service sector employees. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 78, 110–122.Google Scholar

Beham, B., Präg, P., & Drobnič, S. (2012). Who’s got the balance? A study of satisfaction with the work–family balance among part-time service sector employees in five western European countries. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23, 3725–3741.Google Scholar

Beham, B., Drobnič, S., & Präg, P. (2014). The work–family interface of service sector workers: A comparison of work resources and professional status across five European countries. Applied Psychology, 63, 29–61.Google Scholar

Bekker, M. H., Willemse, J. J., & De Goeij, J. W. (2010). The role of individual differences in particular autonomy-connectedness in women’s and men’s work–family balance. Women & Health, 50, 241–261.Google Scholar

Biggart, L., Corr, P., O’Brien, M., & Cooper, N. (2010). Trait emotional intelligence and work–family conflict in fathers. Personality and Individual Differences, 48, 911–916.Google Scholar

Blanch, A., & Aluja, A. (2009). Work, family and personality: A study of work–family conflict. Personality and Individual Differences, 46, 520–524.Google Scholar

Bruning, G., & Plantenga, J. (1999). Parental leave and equal opportunities: experiences in eight European countries. Journal of European Social Policy, 9, 195–209.Google Scholar

Buonocore, F., & Russo, M. (2013). Reducing the effects of work–family conflict on job satisfaction: The kind of commitment matters. Human Resource Management Journal, 23, 91–108.Google Scholar

Calvo-Salguero, A., Martínez-de-Lecea, J. M. S., & del Carmen Aguilar-Luzón, M. (2012). Gender and work–family conflict: Testing the rational model and the gender role expectations model in the Spanish cultural context. International Journal of Psychology, 47, 118–132.Google Scholar

Calvo-Salguero, A., Martínez-de-Lecea, J. M. S., & Carrasco-González, A. M. (2011). Work–Family and Family–Work Conflict: Does Intrinsic–Extrinsic Satisfaction Mediate the Prediction of General Job Satisfaction? The Journal of Psychology, 145, 435–461.Google Scholar

Camerino, D., Sandri, M., Sartori, S., Conway, P.M., Campanini, P., & Costa, G. (2010). Shiftwork, work–family conflict among Italian nurses, and prevention efficacy. Chronobiology International, 27, 1105–1123. doi: 10.3109/07420528.2010.490072Google Scholar

Ciccia, R., & Bleijenbergh, I. (2014). After the male breadwinner model? Childcare services and the division of labor in European countries. Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society, 21, 50–79.Google Scholar

Clays, E., Kittel, F., Godin, I., De Bacquer, D., & De Backer, G. (2009). Measures of work–family conflict predict sickness absence from work. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 51, 879–886.Google Scholar

Cortese, C.G., Colombo, L., & Ghislieri, C. (2010). Determinants of nurses’ job satisfaction: The role of work–family conflict, job demand, emotional charge, and social support. Journal of Nursing Management, 18, 35–43.Google Scholar

Crompton, R., & Lyonette, C. (2006). Work–life ‘balance’ in Europe. Acta Sociologica, 49, 379–393.Google Scholar

Council of the Europeans Communities (1992). Council Directive 92/85/EEC of 19 October 1992 concerning the implementation of measures to encourage improvements in the safety and health of pregnant workers, women workers who have recently given birth and women who are breastfeeding.Google Scholar

Council of the European Communities (1996). Council Directive 96/34/EC of 3 June 1996 on the framework agreement on parental leave concluded by UNICE, CEEP and the ETUC.Google Scholar

Cousins, C. R., & Tang, N. (2004). Working time and work and family conflict in the Netherlands, Sweden and the UK. Work, Employment & Society, 18, 531–549.Google Scholar

Del Líbano, M., Llorens, S., Salanova, M., & Schaufeli, W.B. (2012). About the dark and bright sides of self-efficacy: Workaholism and work engagement. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 15, 688–701.Google Scholar

Demerouti, E., & Bakker, A. B. (2011). The job demands-resources model: Challenges for future research. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 37 (2), 1–9.Google Scholar

Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 499–512.Google Scholar

De Sivatte, I., & Guadamillas, F. (2013). Antecedents and outcomes of implementing flexibility policies in organizations. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24, 1327–1345.Google Scholar

Derks, D., & Bakker, A. B. (2014). Smartphone use, work–home interference, and burnout: A diary study on the role of recovery. Applied Psychology, 63, 411–440.Google Scholar

Derks, D., Duin, D., Tims, M., & Bakker, A. B. (2015). Smartphone use and work–home interference: The moderating role of social norms and employee work engagement. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 88, 155–177.Google Scholar

Donà, A. (2012). Using the EU to Promote Gender Equality Policy in a Traditional Context: Reconciliation of Work and Family Life in Italy. In Forest, M. & Lombardo, E. (Eds.), The Europeanization of Gender Equality Policies: A Discursive Sociological Approach (pp. 99–120). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar

Dragano, N., Siegrist, J., & Wahrendorf, M. (2011). Welfare regimes, labour policies and unhealthy psychosocial working conditions: a comparative study with 9917 older employees from 12 European countries. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 65, 793–799.Google Scholar

Drobnič, S., & Guillén Rodríguez, A. M. (2011). Tensions between work and home: job quality and working conditions in the institutional contexts of Germany and Spain. Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society, 18, 232–268.Google Scholar

Esping-Andersen, G. (1999). Social Foundations of Postindustrial Economies. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Esping-Andersen, G. (1990). The three political economies of the welfare state. International Journal of Sociology, 20, 92–123.Google Scholar

European Commission (2010). Europe 2020, A European strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. Brussels: European Commission.Google Scholar

European Commission (2015). First phase consultation of social partners under article 154 TFEU on possible action addressing the challenges of work–life balance faced by working parents and caregivers. European Commission, Brussels.Google Scholar

European Commission (2016). Second-stage consultation of the social partners at European level under Article 154 TFEU on possible action addressing the challenges of work–life balance faced by working parents and caregivers. European Commission, Brussels.Google Scholar

European Union, European Parliament (2003). Directive 2003/88/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 November 2003 concerning certain aspects of the organization of working time.Google Scholar

Eurostat (2012). Employment Rate, By Sex, http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/ portal/eurostat/home/. Last accessed September 2016.Google Scholar

Eurostat (2016). Online statistics. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/lfs/data/database. Last accessed September 2016.Google Scholar

Falco, A. Kravina, L., Girardi, D, Dal Corso, L., Di Sipio, A., & De Carlo, N. A. (2012). The convergence between self and observer ratings of workaholism: A comparison between couples. Testing, Psychometrics, Methodology in Applied Psychology, 19, 311–24.Google Scholar

Farquharson, B., Allan, J., Johnston, D., Johnston, M., Choudhary, C., & Jones, M. (2012). Stress amongst nurses working in a healthcare telephone‐advice service: Relationship with job satisfaction, intention to leave, sickness absence, and performance. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 68, 1624–1635.Google Scholar

Federal Ministry for Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women, and Youth—BMFSFJ (2010). European company survey on reconciliation of work and family life. Retrieved from: www.bmfsfj.de/BMFSFJ/Service/volltextsuche,did=165112.htmlGoogle Scholar

Ferrera, M. (1996). The ‘Southern model’ of welfare in social Europe. Journal of European Social Policy, 6, 17–37.Google Scholar

Fuß, I., Nübling, M., Hasselhorn, H. M., Schwappach, D., & Rieger, M. A. (2008). Working conditions and work–family conflict in German hospital physicians: Psychosocial and organisational predictors and consequences. BMC Public Health, 8, 353–369.Google Scholar

Gallie, D. (2003). The quality of working life: is Scandinavia different? European Sociological Review, 19 (1), 61–79.Google Scholar

Gallie, D., & Russell, H. (2009). Work–family conflict and working conditions in Western Europe. Social Indicators Research, 93, 445–467.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Geurts, S., Rutte, C., & Peeters, M. (1999). Antecedents and consequences of work–home interference among medical residents. Social Science & Medicine, 48, 1135–1148.Google Scholar

Geurts, S. A., Taris, T. W., Kompier, M. A., Dikkers, J. S., Van Hooff, M. L., & Kinnunen, U. M. (2005). Work-home interaction from a work psychological perspective: Development and validation of a new questionnaire, the SWING. Work & Stress, 19, 319–339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ghislieri, C., Martini, M., Gatti, P., & Colombo, L. (2011). The ‘bright side’ of the work–family interface: a brief work–family enrichment scale in a sample of health professionals. TPM–Testing, Psychometrics, Methodology in Applied Psychology, 18(4), 211–230.Google Scholar

Glaveli, N., Karassavidou, E., & Zafiropoulos, K. (2013). Relationships among three facets of family supportive work environments, work–family conflict and job satisfaction: A research in Greece. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24, 3757–3771.Google Scholar

Gornick, J. C., Meyers, M. K., & Ross, K. E. (1997). Supporting the employment of mothers: Policy variation across fourteen welfare states. Journal of European social policy, 7, 45–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gornick, J. C., Meyers, M. K., & Ross, K. E. (1998). Public policies and the employment of mothers: A cross-national study. Social Science Quarterly, 35–54.Google Scholar

Gracia, F. J., Silla, I., Silla, J. M. P., & Ferreira, L. F. (2007). The state of the psychological contract and its relation to employees’ psychological health. Psychology in Spain, 11, 33–41.Google Scholar

Guglielmi, D., Panari, C., & Simbula, S. (2012). The determinants of teachers’ well-being: The mediating role of mental fatigue. European Journal of Mental Health, 7, 204–220.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gupta, V., Hanges, P. J., & Dorfman, P. (2002). Cultural clusters: Methodology and findings. Journal of World Business, 37, 11–15.Google Scholar

Harknett, K., Billari, F. C., & Medalia, C. (2014). Do family support environments influence fertility? Evidence from 20 European countries. European Journal of Population, 30, 1–33.Google Scholar

Haas, L. (2003). Parental leave and gender equality: Lessons from the European Union. Review of Policy Research, 20, 89–114.Google Scholar

Haas, L. L., Hwang, P., & Russell, G. (2000). Organizational change and gender equity. International Perspectives on Fathers and Mothers at the Workplace. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar

Hetty van Emmerik, I. J., & Peeters, M. C. (2009). Crossover specificity of team-level work–family conflict to individual-level work–family conflict. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 24, 254–268.Google Scholar

Hobson, B. (2011). The agency gap in work–life balance: Applying Sen’s capabilities framework within European contexts. Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society, 18, 147–167.Google Scholar

Hobson, B., & Fahlén, S. (2009a). Competing scenarios for European fathers: Applying Sen’s capabilities and agency framework to work–family balance. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 624, 214–233.Google Scholar

Hobson, B., & Fahlén, S. (2009b). Applying Sens Capabilities Framework to Work Family Balance within a European Context: Theoretical and Empirical Challenges. REC-WP Working Papers on the Reconciliation of Work and Welfare in Europe, 03–2009 6–47.Google Scholar

Höge, T. (2009). When work strain transcends psychological boundaries: An inquiry into the relationship between time pressure, irritation, work–family conflict and psychosomatic complaints. Stress and Health, 25, 41–51.Google Scholar

Hornung, S., & Glaser, J. (2009). Home-based telecommuting and quality of life: Further evidence on an employee-oriented human resource practice. Psychological reports, 104, 395–402.Google Scholar

Hornung, S., Glaser, J., Rouseau, D. M., Angerer, P., & Weigl, M. (2011). Employee-oriented leadership and quality of working life: mediating roles of idiosyncratic deals. Psychological reports, 108, 59–74.Google Scholar

House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, leadership, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar

Hughes, E. L., & Parkes, K. R. (2007). Work hours and well-being: The roles of work-time control and work–family interference. Work & Stress, 21, 264–278.Google Scholar

Jenson, J. (1989). Paradigms and political discourse: Protective legislation in France and the United States before 1914. Canadian Journal of Political Science, 22, 235–258.Google Scholar

Jesuino, J. C. (2002). Latin Europe cluster: From south to north. Journal of World Business, 37, 81–89.Google Scholar

Karatepe, O.M., & Kilic, H. (2007). Relationships of supervisor support and conflicts in the work–family interface with the selected job outcomes of frontline employees. Tourism Management, 28, 238–252.Google Scholar

Karatepe, O.M. & Kilic, H. (2009). The effects of two directions of conflict and facilitation on frontline employees’ job outcomes. The Service Industries Journal, 29, 977–993.Google Scholar

Karatepe, O.M., & Uludag, O. (2007). Conflict, exhaustion, and motivation: A study of frontline employees in Northern Cyprus hotels. Hospitality Management, 26, 645–665.Google Scholar

Karatepe, O.M., & Uludag, O. (2008). Affectivity, conflicts in the work–family interface, and hotel employee outcomes. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 27 (1), 30–41.Google Scholar

Kinman, G (2009). Emotional labour and strain in “front-line” service employees: Does mode of delivery matter? Journal of Managerial Psychology, 24, 118–135.Google Scholar

Kossek, E., Lewis, S., & Hammer, L. (2010). Work family initiatives and organizational change: mixed messages in moving from the margins to the mainstream. Human Relations, 61 (3), 3–19.Google Scholar

Kuchařová, V. (2009). Work–life balance: Societal and private influences. Sociologický Časopis/Czech Sociological Review, 45, 1283–1310.Google Scholar

Lewis, J. (2001). The decline of the male breadwinner model: implications for work and care. Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society, 8, 152–169.Google Scholar

Lewis, J., Campbell, M., & Huerta, C. (2008). Patterns of paid and unpaid work in Western Europe: gender, commodification, preferences and the implications for policy. Journal of European Social Policy, 18 (1), 21–37.Google Scholar

Lunau, T., Bambra, C., Eikemo, T. A., van der Wel, K. A., & Dragano, N. (2014). A balancing act? Work–life balance, health and well-being in European welfare states. European Journal of Public Health, 24, 422–427. doi:10.1093/eurpub/cku010Google Scholar

Maurice, M., Sellier, F., & Silvestre, J. J. (1986). The Social Foundations of Industrial Power: A Comparison of France and Germany. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

McGinnity, F., & Calvert, E. (2009). Work–life conflict and social inequality in Western Europe. Social Indicators Research, 93(3), 489–508.Google Scholar

Meijman, T. F., & Mulder, G. (1998). Psychological aspects of workload. Handbook of Work and Organizational Psychology. Volume 2.Google Scholar

Molino, M., Ghislieri, C., & Cortese, C.G. (2013). When work enriches family-life: The mediational role of professional development opportunities. Journal of Workplace Learning, 25, 98–113.Google Scholar

Montgomery, A. J., Panagopolou, E., & Benos, A. (2006). Work–family interference as a mediator between job demands and job burnout among doctors. Stress and Health, 22, 203–212.Google Scholar

Moreno-Jiménez, B., Mayo, M., Sanz-Vergel, A.I., Geurts, S., Rodríguez-Muñoz, A., & Garrosa, E. (2009). Effects of work–family conflict on employees’ well-being: The moderating role of recovery strategies. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 14, 427–440.Google Scholar

Myrskylä, M., Kohler, H. P., & Billari, F. C. (2009). Advances in development reverse fertility declines. Nature, 460, 741–743.Google Scholar

Netemeyer, R. G., Boles, J. S., & McMurrian, R. (1996). Development and validation of work–family conflict and family–work conflict scales. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 400–410.Google Scholar

Niedhammer, I., Sultan-Taïeb, H., Chastang, J. F., Vermeylen, G., & Parent-Thirion, A. (2012). Exposure to psychosocial work factors in 31 European countries. Occupational Medicine, 62, 196–202.Google Scholar

Noor, N. M. (2003). Work-and family-related variables, work–family conflict and women’s well-being: Some observations. Community, Work & Family, 6, 297–319.Google Scholar

Noor, N. M. (2004). Work–family conflict, work-and family-role salience, and women’s well-being. The Journal of Social Psychology, 144, 389–406.Google Scholar

Oláh, L. S. (2015). Changing families in the European Union: Trends and policy implications. Families and Societies: Working Paper Series, 44, 2–54.Google Scholar

Russo, M., & Buonocore, F. (2012). The relationship between work–family enrichment and nurse turnover. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 27, 216–236.Google Scholar

Sánchez‐Cabezudo, S., & López Peláez, A. (2014). Social work with middle‐class Spanish families: The challenge of the work–family conflict. International Journal of Social Welfare, 23, 100–111.Google Scholar

Sanz-Vergel, A. I., Demerouti, E., Moreno-Jiménez, B., & Mayo, M. (2010). Work–family balance and energy: A day-level study on recovery conditions. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 76, 118–130.Google Scholar

Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: A multi‐sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25, 293–315.Google Scholar

Schaufeli, W. B., Leiter, M. P., Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1996). Maslach Burnout Inventory—General Survey. In Maslach, C., Jackson, S. E., & Leiter, M. P. (Eds.), Maslach Burnout Inventory—Test manual (3rd ed, pp. 22–26). Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.Google Scholar

Schaufeli, W. B., & Taris, T. W. (2014). A critical review of the Job Demands-Resources Model: Implications for improving work and health. In Bauer, G.F. & Hämming, O. (Eds.), Bridging Occupational, Organizational and Public Health (pp. 43–68). The Netherlands: Springer.Google Scholar

Sen, A. (1992). Inequality reexamined. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Sen, A. Conceptualizing and measuring poverty. Poverty and Inequality, 30–46.Google Scholar

Simbula, S. (2010). Daily fluctuations in teachers’ well-being: A diary study using the job demands-resources model. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 23, 563–584.Google Scholar

Spector, P. E., Allen, T. D., Poelmans, S. A., Lapierre, L. M., Cooper, C. L., Michael, O. D., … & Brough, P. (2007). Cross‐national differences in relationships of work demands, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions with work–family conflict. Personnel Psychology, 60, 805–835.Google Scholar

Steiber, N. (2009). Reported levels of time-based and strain-based conflict between work and family roles in Europe: A multilevel approach. Social Indicators Research, 93, 469–488.Google Scholar

Steinmetz, H., Frese, M., & Schmidt, P. (2008). A longitudinal panel study on antecedents and outcomes of work–home interference. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73, 231–241.Google Scholar

Strandh, M., & Nordenmark, M. (2006). The interference of paid work with household demands in different social policy contexts: perceived work–household conflict in Sweden, the UK, the Netherlands, Hungary, and the Czech Republic. The British Journal of Sociology, 57, 597–617.Google Scholar

Swanson, V., & Power, K. G. (1999). Stress, satisfaction and role conflict in dual-doctor partnerships. Community, Work & Family, 2, 67–88.Google Scholar

Szabo, E., Brodbeck, F. C., Den Hartog, D. N., Reber, G., Weibler, J., & Wunderer, R. (2002). The Germanic Europe cluster: Where employees have a voice. Journal of World Business, 37, 55–68.Google Scholar

Van der Lippe, T., Jager, A., & Kops, Y. (2006). Combination pressure the paid work–family balance of men and women in European countries. Acta Sociologica, 49, 303–319.Google Scholar

Van Veldhoven, M. J., & Beijer, S. E. (2012). Workload, Work‐to‐Family Conflict, and Health: Gender Differences and the Influence of Private Life Context. Journal of Social Issues, 68, 665–683.Google Scholar

Vercruyssen, A., Roose, H., & Van de Putte, B. (2011). Underestimating busyness: Indications of nonresponse bias due to work–family conflict and time pressure. Social Science Research, 40, 1691–1701.Google Scholar

Vercruyssen, A., & Van de Putte, B. (2013). Work–family conflict and stress: indications of the distinctiveness of role combination stress for Belgian working mothers. Community, Work & Family, 16, 351–371.Google Scholar

Wille, B., De Fruyt, F., & Feys, M. (2013). Big five traits and intrinsic success in the new career era: A 15-year longitudinal study on employability and work–family conflict. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 61, 124–156.Google Scholar

Abendroth, A.-K., & den Dulk, L. (2011). Support for the work–life balance in Europe: The impact of state, workplace and family support on work–life balance satisfaction. Work, Employment & Society, 25, 234–256.Google Scholar

Adam, S., Gyorffy, Z., & Susanszky, E. (2008). Physician burnout in Hungary—A potential role for work–family conflict. Journal of Health Psychology, 13, 847–856.Google Scholar

Allen, T. D., French, K. A., Dumani, S., & Shockley, K. M. (2015). Meta-analysis of work–family conflict mean differences: Does national context matter? Journal of Vocational Behavior, 90, 90–100.Google Scholar

Allen, T. D., Herst, D. E. L., Bruck, C. S., & Sutton, M. (2000). Consequences associated with work-to-family conflict: A review and agenda for future research. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5, 278–308.Google Scholar

Allen, T. D., Johnson, R. C., Saboe, K. N., Cho, E., Dumani, S., & Evans, S. (2012). Dispositional variables and work–family conflict: A meta-analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80, 17–26.Google Scholar

Allen, T. D., Lapierre, L., Spector, P. E., Poelmans, S. A. Y., O’Driscoll, M., Sanchez, J. I., Woo, J.-M. (2014). The link between national paid leave policy and work–family conflict among married working parents. Applied Psychology: International Review, 63, 5–28.Google Scholar

Amstad, F. T., Meier, L. L., Fasel, U., Elfering, A., & Semmer, N. K. (2011). A meta-analysis of work–family conflict and various outcomes with a special emphasis on cross-domain versus matching-domain relations. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 16, 151–169.Google Scholar

Bakacsi, G., Sándor, T., András, K., & Viktor, I. (2002). Eastern European cluster: Tradition and transition. Journal of World Business, 37, 69–80.Google Scholar

Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands–resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22, 309–328.Google Scholar

Berend, T. I. (2009). From the Soviet bloc to the European Union: The economic and social transformation of Central and Eastern Europe since 1973. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Botev, N. (2012). Population ageing in Central and Eastern Europe and its demographic and social context. European Journal of Ageing, 9, 69–79.Google Scholar

Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., Wayne, J. H., & Grzywacz, J. G. (2006).Measuring the positive side of work–family interface: Development and validation of work–family enrichment scale. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 68, 131–164.Google Scholar

Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., & Williams, L. J. (2000). Construction and initial validation of a multidimensional measure of work–family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56, 249–276.Google Scholar

den Dulk, L., Peters, P., Poutsma, E., & Ligthart, P. E. (2010). The extended business case for childcare and leave arrangements in Western and Eastern Europe. Baltic Journal of Management, 5, 156–184.Google Scholar

den Dulk, L., Peper, A., Sadar, N. Č, Lewis, S., Smithson, J., & van Doorne-Huiskes, J. (2011). Work family and managerial attitudes and practices in the European workplace: Comparing Dutch, British and Slovenian financial sector managers. Social Politics, 18, 300–329.Google Scholar

Eby, L. T., Casper, W. J., Lockwood, A., Bordeaux, C., & Brinley, A. (2005). Work and family research in IO/OB: Content analysis and review of the literature (1980–2002). Journal of Vocational Behavior, 66, 124–197.Google Scholar

Esping-Andersen, G. (1990). The three worlds of welfare capitalism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Eurofound. (2013). Impact of the crisis on working conditions in Europe. Retrieved from: http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/observatories/eurwork/comparative-information/impact-of-the-crisis-on-working-conditions-in-europeGoogle Scholar

Eurofound. (2014). Third European quality of life survey – Quality of life in Europe: Families in the economic crisis. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.Google Scholar

Eurostat. (2012). Europe in figures – Eurostat yearbook 2012. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.Google Scholar

Eurostat. (2015). Quality of life – facts and views. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.Google Scholar

Eurostat. (2016). Population on 1 January. Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab=table&plugin=1&language=en&pcode=tps00001Google Scholar

Ferrarini, T., & Sjöberg, O. (2010). Social policy and health: Transition countries in a comparative perspective. International Journal of Social Welfare, 19, S60–S88.Google Scholar

Flere, S., & Klanjšek, R. (2014). Was Tito’s Yugoslavia totalitarian? Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 47, 231–245.Google Scholar

Gelfand, M. J., Raver, J. L., Nishii, L., Leslie, L. M., Lun, J., Lim, B. C., Yamaguchi, S. (2011). Differences between tight and loose cultures: A 33-nation study. Science, 332, 1100–1104.Google Scholar

Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy of Management Review, 10, 76–88.Google Scholar

Grönlund, A., & Javornik, J. (2014). Great expectations: Dual-earner policies and the management of work–family conflict: The examples of Sweden and Slovenia. Families, Relationships and Societies, 3, 147–161.Google Scholar

Hagestad, G. O., & Herlofson, K. (2007). Micro and macro perspectives on intergenerational relations and transfers in Europe. Retrieved from United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs website www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/ageing/age-structure.shtmlGoogle Scholar

Herzberg, F., Mausner, B., & Snyderman, B. (1959). The motivation to work. New York, NJ: Wiley.Google Scholar

Hill, E. J., Yang, C., Hawkins, A. J., & Ferris, M. (2004). A cross-cultural test of the work–family interface in 48 countries. Journal of Marriage and Family, 66, 1300–1316.Google Scholar

Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44, 513–524.Google Scholar

Hofstede, G. (2005). Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind. London, UK: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar

House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, leadership, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar

Holman, D. (2013). Job types and job quality in Europe. Human Relations, 66, 475–502.Google Scholar

Kanjuo Mrčela, A., & Černigoj Sadar, N. (2011). Social policies related to parenthood and capabilities of Slovenian parents. Social Politics, 18, 199–231.Google Scholar

Karatepe, O. M. (2013). The effects of work overload and work–family conflict on job embeddedness and job performance: The mediation of emotional exhaustion. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 25, 614–634.Google Scholar

Karatepe, O. M., & Karadas, G. (2014). The effect of psychological capital on conflicts in the work–family interface, turnover and absence intentions. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 43, 132–143.Google Scholar

Kirby, E. L., & Krone, K. (2002). “The policy exists but you can’t really use it”: Communication and the structuration of work–family policies. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 30, 50–77.Google Scholar

Kuitto, K. (2016). Post-Communist Welfare States in European Context: Patterns of Welfare Policies in Central and Eastern Europe. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing.Google Scholar

Lapierre, L. M., & McMullan, A. D. (2016). A review of methodological and measurement approaches to the study of work and family. In Allen, T. D. & Eby, L. E. (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Work and Family (pp. 36–50). New York, NJ: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Mandel, A., & Realo, A. (2015). Across-time change and variation in cultural tightness–looseness. PLoS ONE, 10, e0145213.Google Scholar

Michel, J. S., Kotrba, L. M., Mitchelson, J. K., Clark, M. A., & Baltes, B. B. (2011). Antecedents of work–family conflict: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 32, 689–725.Google Scholar

Michoń, P. (2010). “Stay at home dear” – mothers, labour markets and state policy in Poland and Baltic States. In Klenner, C. & Leiber, S. (Eds.), Welfare states and gender inequality in Central and Eastern Europe (pp. 151–180). Brussels, Belgium: ETUI.Google Scholar

Michoń, P. (2015). Waiting for the incentives to work: Comparative analysis of the parental leave policies in the Visegrad countries. Community, Work & Family, 18, 182–197.Google Scholar

Mihelič, K. K. (2014a). Work–family interface, job satisfaction and turnover intention: A CEE transition country perspective. Baltic Journal of Management, 9, 446–466.Google Scholar

Mihelič, K. K. (2014b). Commitment to life roles and work–family conflict among managers in a post-socialist country. Career Development International, 19, 204–221.Google Scholar

Neal, M. B., & Hammer, L. B. (2007). Working Couples Caring for children and Aging Parents: Effects on Work and Well-Being. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.Google Scholar

Netemeyer, R. G., Boles, J. S., & McMurrian, R. (1996). Development and validation of work–family conflict and family–work conflict scales. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 400–410.Google Scholar

Netemeyer, R. G., Brashear-Alejandro, T., & Boles, J. S. (2004). A cross-national model of job-related outcomes of work role and family role variables: A retail sales context. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 32, 49–60.Google Scholar

Obradović, J., & Čudina-Obradović, V. (2009). Work-related stressors of work–family conflict and stress crossover on marriage quality. Društvena istraživanja [Journal for Generic Social Issues], 3, 437–460.Google Scholar

Ollier-Malaterre, A. (2016). Cross-national work–life research: A review at the individual level. In Allen, T. D. & Eby, L. E. (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Work and Family (pp. 315–332). New York, NJ: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Ollier-Malaterre, A., & Foucreault, A. (2017). Cross-national work–life research: Cultural and structural impacts for individuals and organizations. Journal of Management, 41, 111–136.Google Scholar

Ollo-López, A., & Goñi-Legaz, S. (2017). Differences in work–family conflict: Which individual and national factors explain them? The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28, 499–525.Google Scholar

Olson, J. E., Frieze, I. H., Wall, S., Zdaniuk, B., Telpuchovskaya, N., Ferligoj, A., Rus Makovec, M. (2006). Economic influences on ideals about future jobs in young adults in formerly socialist countries and the United States. Cross-Cultural Research, 40, 352–376.Google Scholar

Parker, L., & Allen, T. D. (2001). Work/family benefits: Variables related to employees’ fairness perceptions. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 58, 453–468.Google Scholar

Pascall, G., & Kwak, A. (2005). Gender regimes in transition in Central and Eastern Europe. Bristol, UK: Policy Press.Google Scholar

Powell, G. N., Francesco, A. M., & Ling, Y. (2009). Towards culture- sensitive theories of the work- family interface. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30, 597–616.Google Scholar

Rantanen, J., Kinnunen, U., Mauno, S., & Tement, S. (2013). Patterns of conflict and enrichment in work–family balance: A three-dimensional typology. Work & Stress, 27, 141–163.Google Scholar

Schaffer, B. S., & Riordan, C. M. (2003). A review of cross-cultural methodologies for organizational research: A best-practices approach. Organizational Research Methods, 6, 169–215.Google Scholar

Schooler, C. (1996). Cultural and social-structural explanations of cross-national psychological differences. Annual Review of Sociology, 22, 323–349.Google Scholar

Schulze, E., & Gergoric, M. (2015). Maternity, paternity and parental leave: Data related to duration and compensation rates in the European Union. Brussels, Belgium: European Parliament.Google Scholar

Schwartz, S. H., & Bardi, A. (1997). Influences of adaptation to communist rule on value priorities in Eastern Europe. Political Psychology, 18, 385–410.Google Scholar

Shockley, K. M., & Singla, N. (2011). Reconsidering work–family interactions and satisfaction: A meta-analysis. Journal of Management, 37, 861–886.Google Scholar

Spector, P. E., Allen, T. D., Poelmans, S., Lapierre, L. M., Cooper, C. L., Widerszal-Bazyl, M. (2007). Cross-national differences in relationships of work demands, job satisfaction and turnover intentions with work–family conflict. Personnel Psychology, 60, 805–835.Google Scholar

Steiber, N. (2009). Reported levels of time-based and strain-based conflict between work and family roles in Europe: A multilevel approach. Social Indicators Research, 93, 469–488.Google Scholar

Stier, H., Lewin-Epstein, N., & Braun, M. (2012). Work–family conflict in comparative perspective: The role of social policies. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 30, 265–279.Google Scholar

Strandh, M., & Nordenmark, M. (2006). The interference of paid work with household demands in different social policy contexts: Perceived work–household conflict in Sweden, the UK, the Netherlands, Hungary, and the Czech Republic. British Journal of Sociology, 57, 597–617.Google Scholar

Stryker, S., & Burke, P. J. (2000). The past, present, and future of an identity theory. Social Psychology Quarterly, 63, 284–297.Google Scholar

Šverko, B., Arambašić, L., & Galešić, M. (2002). Work–life balance among Croatian employees: Role time commitment, work-home interference and well-being. Social Science Information, 41, 281–301.Google Scholar

Tement, S., & Korunka, C. (2013). Does trait affectivity predict work-to-family conflict and enrichment beyond job characteristics? Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 147, 197–216.Google Scholar

Tement, S., & Korunka, C. (2015). The moderating impact of types of caregiving on job demands, resources and their relation to work-to-family conflict and enrichment. Journal of Family Issues, 36, 31–55.Google Scholar

ten Brummelhuis, L. L., & Trougakos, J. P. (2014). The motivating potential of intrinsically versus extrinsically motivated off- job activities. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 87, 177–199.Google Scholar

Thornton, A., & Philipov, D. (2009). Sweeping changes in marriage, cohabitation and childbearing in Central and Eastern Europe: New insights from the developmental idealism framework. European Journal of Population, 25, 123–156.Google Scholar

Trefalt, Š., Drnovšek, M., Svetina-Nabergoj, A., & Adlešič, R.V. (2013). Work–life experiences in rapidly changing national contexts: Structural misalignment, comparisons and choice overload as explanatory mechanisms. European Management Journal, 31, 448–463.Google Scholar

Voicu, M. (2010). The effect of democratization and support for democracy on gender attitudes in 19 European societies. In Hallman, L. & Voicu, M. (Eds.), Mapping value orientations in Central and Eastern Europe (pp. 239–260). Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.Google Scholar

van der Lippe, T., Jager, A., & Kops, Y. (2006). Combination pressure: The paid work–family balance of men and women in European countries. Acta Sociologica, 49, 303–319.Google Scholar

Westman, M. (2005). Cross-cultural differences in crossover research. In Poelmans, S. A. Y. (Ed.), Work and family: An international research perspective (pp. 241–260). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.Google Scholar

World Bank. (2016). Work values in Western and Eastern Europe. Retrieved from http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/365971468185035876/Work-values-in-Western-and-Eastern-europeGoogle Scholar

Abrahamsen, B. (1991). Pleiearbeid og helse. Daglige belastninger, slitasjelidelser og sykefravaer blant hjelpepleiere (Nursing and health. Daily work load, musculoskeletal health problems and sickness absence among state enrolled nurses). ISF-Report 91/6. Oslo: Institute for Social Research.Google Scholar

Albertsen, K., Persson, R., Garde, A. H., & Rugulies, R. (2010). Psychosocial determinants of work-to-family conflict among knowledge workers with boundaryless work. Applied Psychology: Health and Well Being, 2(2), 160–181.Google Scholar

Albrecht, S. C., Kecklund, G., Tucker, P., & Leineweber, C. (2016). Investigating the factorial structure and availability of work time control in a representative sample of the Swedish working population. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 44(3), 320–328.Google Scholar

Alexanderson, K., Björkenstam, A., Kjeldgård, L., Narusyte, J., Ropponen, A., & Svedberg, P. (2013). Barnafödande, sjuklighet och sjukfrånvaro: En studie av tvillingsystrar [Childbirth, illness and sickness absence: A study of twin sisters]. Retrieved from Karolinska Institutet: http://ki.se/sites/default/files/rapporten_barnafodande.pdfGoogle Scholar

Allvin, M., Mellner, C., Movitz, F., & Aronsson, G. (2013). The diffusion of flexibility: Estimating the incidence of low-regulated working conditions. Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies, 3(3), 99–116.Google Scholar

Björklund, A. (1991). Vem får sjukpenning? En empirisk analys av sjukfrånvarons bestämningsfaktorer (Who receives sickness benefits? An empirical analysis of the determinants of sickness absence). Arbetskraft, arbetsmarknad och produktivitet, Extrarapport no 4, 285–299.Google Scholar

Blank, N., & Diderichsen, F. (1995). Short-term and long-term sick-leave in Sweden: relationships with social circumstances, working conditions and gender. Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine, 23(4), 265–272.Google Scholar

Boye, K. (2011). Work and well-being in a comparative perspective – the role of family policy. European Sociological Review, 72(1), 16–30.Google Scholar

Boye, K., & Nermo, M. (2014). Lönsamt arbete: Familjeansvarets fördelning och konsekvenser [Gainful employment: Family responsibility and it’s distribution and consequenses]. Forskningsrapport till Delegationen för jämställdhet i arbetslivet [Research report for the Delegation for equality at work]: Statens offentliga utredningar [Governmental report].Google Scholar

Bratberg, E., Dahl, S.-Å., & Erling, R. A. (2002). “The double burden”: do combinations of career and family obligations increase sickness absence among women? European Sociological Review, 18(2), 233–249.Google Scholar

Bull, T. (2009). Work life and mental well-being: single and coupled employed mothers in Southern Europe and Scandinavia. Global Health Promotion, 16(3), 6–16. doi:10.1177/1757975909339674Google Scholar

Casper, W. J., Eby, L. T., Bordeaux, C., Lockwood, A., & Lambert, D. (2007). A review of research method in IO/OB work–family research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 28–43.Google Scholar

Crompton, R., & Lyonette, C. (2006). Work–life ‘balance’ in Europe. Acta Sociologica, 49(4), 379–393.Google Scholar

Demerouti, E., Derks, D., ten Brummelhuis, L. L., & Bakker, A. B. (2014). New ways of working: Impact on working conditions, work–family balance, and well-being. In Korunka, C. & Hoonakker, P. (Eds.), The impact of ICT on quality of life. Dordrecht: Springer Science & Business Media.Google Scholar

Duran, M.-A. (2015). The Contribution of Unpaid Work to Global Wellbeing: Exploration of Well-Being of Nations and Continents. In Glatzer, W., Camfield, L., Møller, V., & Rojas, M. (Eds.), Global Handbook of Quality of Life (pp. 381–411). New York: Springer.Google Scholar

Edlund, J., & Öun, I. (2016). Who should work and who should care? Attitudes towards the desirable division of labour between mothers and fathers in five European countries. Acta Sociologica, 59(2), 151–169.Google Scholar

Ellingsaeter, A.L., & Leira, A. (2006). Politicising Parenthood in Scandinavia. Bristol: Polity Press.Google Scholar

Elvin-Nowak, Y. (1999). Accompanied by guilt: Modern motherhood the Swedish way. (Doctoral dissertation), Stockholm University Stockholm.Google Scholar

Eurofound. (2010). Absence from work – Denmark. Retrieved from http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/print/observatories/eurwork/comparative-information/national-contributions/denmark/absence-from-work-denmarkGoogle Scholar

Eurostat. (2009). Reconciliation between work, private and family life in the European Union. Statistical book.Google Scholar

Falkenberg, H. (2010). How privatization and corporatization affect healthcare employees’ work climate, work attitudes and ill-health: Implications of social status. (Doctoral dissertation), Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.Google Scholar

Försäkringskassan. (2013). Kvinnors sjukfrånvaro. [Sickness absence among women]. Stockholm: Socialdepartementet.Google Scholar

Gonäs, L., Johansson, S., & Svärd, I. (1997). Lokala utfall av den offentliga sektorns omvandling [Local outcomes of public sector transformation]. In Rapport till Utredningen om fördelning av ekonomisk makt och ekonomiska resurser mellan kvinnor och män [Report to the commission on the distribution of economic power and economic resources between women and men]. Statens offentliga utredningar [Governmental report]Google Scholar

Greenhaus, J. H., & Powell, G. N. (2006). When work and family are allies: A theory of work–family enrichment. Academy of Management Review, 31(1), 72–92. doi:10.5465/amr.2006.19379625Google Scholar

Guest, D. E. (2002). Work–life balance within a European perspective: issues arising in the symposium discussion. Social Science Information, 41(2), 319–322.Google Scholar

Haas, L., Allard, K., & Hwang, P. (2002). The impact of organizational culture on men’s use of parental leave in Sweden. Community, Work & Family, 5(3), 319–342.Google Scholar

Hakanen, J. J., Peeters, M. C. W., & Perhoniemi, R. (2011). Enrichment processes and gain spirals at work and at home: A 3-year cross-lagged panel study. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 84(1), 8–30.Google Scholar

Hammer, L. B., Neal, M. B., Newsom, J. T., Brockwood, K. J., & Colton, C. L. (2005). A longitudinal study of the effects of dual-earner couples’ utilization of family-friendly workplace supports on work and family outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(4), 799–810. doi:10.1037/0021–9010.90.4.799Google Scholar

Hansen, H. T. (1996). Trygd: en midlertidig bro, eller en vei ut av arbeidsmarkedet (Social insurance: a temporary bridge, or a road out of the labour market)? (Doctoral thesis), University of Bergen, Norway, Bergen.Google Scholar

Hanson, L. L., Leineweber, C., Chungkham, H. S., & Westerlund, H. (2014). Work–home interference and its prospective relation to major depression and treatment with antidepressants. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, 40(1), 66–73. doi:10.5271/sjweh.3378Google Scholar

Innstrand, S. T., Melbye Langballe, E., Espnes, G. A., Falkum, E., & Gjerløw Aasland, O. (2008). Postive and negative work–family interaction and burnout: A longitudinal study of reciprocal relations. Work & Stress, 22(1), 1–15.Google Scholar

Johansson, G. (2002). Work–life balance: the case of Sweden in the 1990s. Social Science Information, 41(2), 303–317. doi:10.1177/0539018402041002007Google Scholar

Kinnunen, U., Feldt, T., Geurts, S. A. E., & Pulkkinen, L. (2006). Types of work–family interface: Well-being correlates of negative and positive spillover between work and family. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 47(2), 149–162. doi:10.1111/j.1467–9450.2006.00502.xGoogle Scholar

Kinnunen, U., Geurts, S. A. E., & Mauno, S. (2004). Work-to-family conflict and its relationship with satisfaction and well-being: a one-year longitudinal study on gender differences. Work & Stress, 18(1), 1–22.Google Scholar

Lallukka, T., Arber, S., Laaksonen, M., Lahelma, E., Partonen, T., & Rahkonen, O. (2013). Work–family conflicts and subsequent sleep medication among women and men. A longitudinal registry linkage study. Social Science and Medicine, 79, 66–75.Google Scholar

Lallukka, T., Chandola, T., Roos, E., Cable, N., Sekine, M., Kagamimori, S., Tatsue, T., Marmot, M., Lahelma, E. (2010). Work–family conflicts and health behaviors among British, Finnish, and Japanese employees. International Journal of Behavioural Medicine, 17, 134–142.Google Scholar

Lallukka, T., Rahkonen, O., Lahelma, E., & Arber, S. (2010). Sleep complaints in middle-aged women and men: the contribution of working conditions and work–family conflicts. Journal of Sleep Research, 19(3), 466–477. doi:10.1111/j.1365–2869.2010.00821.xGoogle Scholar

Leineweber, C., Baltzer, M., Magnusson Hanson, L. L., & Westerlund, H. (2013). Work–family conflict and health in Swedish working women and men: a 2-year prospective analysis (the SLOSH study). European Journal of Public Health, 23(4), 710–716. doi:10.1093/eurpub/cks064Google Scholar

Leira, A. (2006). Parenthood change and policy reform in Scandinavia, 1970s-2000s. In Ellingsaeter, A. L. & Leira, A. (Eds.), Politics Parenthood in Scandinavia: Gender relations in welfare states (pp. 27–51). Bristol: The University Press.Google Scholar

Lidwall, U., Bill, S., Palmer, E., & Bohlin Olsson, C. (2014). Sjukfrånvaro i psykiska diagnoser. [Sickness absence due to mental diagnoses]. Vol. 4. Socialförsäkringsrapport (Social Insurance Report). Stockholm: Försäkringskassan.Google Scholar

Lidwall, U., Marklund, S., & Voss, M. (2010). Work–family interference and long-term sickness absence: a longitudinal cohort study. European Journal of Public Health, 20(6), 676–681.Google Scholar

Mastekaasa, A. (2000). Parenthood, gender and sickness absence. Social Science and Medicine, 50, 1827–1842.Google Scholar

Mauno, S. (2010). Effects of work–family culture on employee well-being: Exploring moderator effects in a longitudinal sample. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 19(6), 675–195.Google Scholar

Mauno, S., De Cuyper, N., Kinnunen, U., Ruokolainen, M., Rantanen, J., & Mäkikangas, A. (2015). The prospective effects of work–family conflict and enrichment on job exhaustion and turnvover intentions: comparing long-term temporary vs. permanent workers across three waves. Work & Stress, 29(1), 75–94.Google Scholar

Mauno, S., Kinnunen, U., & Piitulainen, S. (2005). Work–family culture in four organisations in Finland: Examining antecedents and outcomes. Community, Work & Family, 8(2), 115–140.Google Scholar

Mäkelä, L., Bergbom, B., Tanskanen, J., & Kinnunen, U. (2014). The relationship between international business travel and sleep problems via work–family conflict. Career Development International, 19(7), 794–812. doi:10.1108/CDI-04–2014-0048Google Scholar

Nordic Council of Ministers. (2014). Nordic Statistical Yearbook. Retrieved from Copenhagen: http://norden.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:763002/FULLTEXT07.pdfGoogle Scholar

Nordic Social Statistical Committee. (2015). Sickness absence in the Nordic countries. Retrieved from Copenhagen: http://norden.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:811504/FULLTEXT06.pdfGoogle Scholar

Nylen, L., Melin, B., & Laflamme, L. (2007). Interference between work and outside-work demands relative to health: unwinding possibilities among full-time and part-time employees. International Journal of Behavioural Medicine, 14(4), 229–236.Google Scholar

Öun, I. (2012). Work–family conflict in the Nordic countries: A comparative analysis. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 43(2), 165–184.Google Scholar

Rantanen, J., Kinnunen, U., Feldt, T., & Pulkkinen, L. (2008). Work–family conflict and psychological well-being: Stability and cross-lagged relations within one- and six-year follow-up. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73, 37–51.Google Scholar

Rapp, B., & Jackson, P. (2013). Organisation and Work Beyond 2000. Heidelberg: Springer Verlag.Google Scholar

Richter, A., Schraml, K., & Leineweber, C. (2015). Work–family conflict, emotional exhaustion and performance-based self-esteem: reciprocal relationships. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 88(1), 103–112. doi:10.1007/s00420-014–0941-xGoogle Scholar

Roos, E., Lahelma, E., & Rahkonen, O. (2006). Work–family conflicts and drinking behaviours among employed women and men. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 83, 49–56.Google Scholar

Roos, E., Sarlio-Lähteenkorva, S., Lallukka, T., & Lahelma, E. (2007). Associations of work–family conflicts with food habits and physical activity. Public Health Nutrition, 10(3), 222–229. doi:10.1017/S1368980007248487Google Scholar

Rostgaard, T. (2014). Family Policies in Scandinavia. Retrieved from Aalborg University, Denmark: http://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/family-policies-in-scandinavia(471991a9-8288-4610-a50a-cd45fdb50290).htmlGoogle Scholar

Ruppanner, L. (2013). Conflict between work and family: An investigation of four policy measures. Social Indicators Research, 110, 327–347.Google Scholar

Statistics Norway. (2016). Sickness absence, Q2 2016. Retrieved from www.ssb.no/en/sykefratot/Google Scholar

Statistics Sweden. (2014). På tal om kvinnor och män – Lathund om jämställdhet 2014 [Women and men in Sweden 2014 – Facts and figures]. Retrieved from Örebro: www.scb.se/statistik/_publikationer/le0201_2013b14_br_x10br1401.pdfGoogle Scholar

Stier, H., Lewin-Epstein, N., & Braun, M. (2012). Work–family conflict in comparative perspective: The role of social policies. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 30(3), 255–279.Google Scholar

Strandh, M., & Nordenmark, M. (2006). The interference of paid work with household demands in different social policy contexts: perceived work-household conflict in Sweden, the UK, the Netherlands, Hungary, and the Czech Republic. The British Journal of Sociology, 57(4), 597–617.Google Scholar

Sverke, M., Falkenberg, H., Kecklund, G., Magnusson Hanson, L., & Lindfors, P. (2016). Women and men and their working conditions: The importance of organizational and psychosocial factors for work-related and health-related outcomes. Report 2016: 2 Eng. Stockholm: Swedish Work Environment Authority. Retrieved from: https://www.av.se/en/work-environment-work-and-inspections/knowledge-compilations/women-and-men-and-their-working-conditions/Google Scholar

Van der Lippe, T., Jager, A., & Kops, Y. (2006). Combination pressure: The paid work–family balance of men and women in European countries. Acta Sociologica, 49(3), 303–319. doi:10.1177/0001699306067711CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Vogel, J., Kindlund, H., & Diderichsen, F. (1992). Arbetsförhållanden, ohälsa och sjukfrånvaro 1975–1989. Stockholm: Statistics Sweden.Google Scholar

World Economic Forum. (2014). The global gender gap report 2014. Cologny/Geneve.Google Scholar

Voss, M., Josephson, M., Stark, S., Vaez, M., Alexanderson, K., Alfredsson, L., & Vingard, E. (2008). The influence of household work and of having children on sickness absence among publicly employed women in Sweden. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 36(6), 564–572.Google Scholar

Väänänen, A., Kevin, M. V., Ala-Mursula, L., Pentti, J., Kivimäki, M., & Vahtera, J. (2005). The double burden of and the negative spillover between paid and domestic work: Associations with health among men and women. Women and Health, 40(3), 1–18. doi:10.1300/J013c40n03_01Google Scholar

Abramo, L., & Valenzuela, M. E. (2005). Balance del progreso laboral de las mujeres en América Latina. Revista Internacional del Trabajo, 124(4), 399–430.Google Scholar

Acevedo, D. (2012). Desigualdades de género en el trabajo. Evolución y tendencias en la sociedad venezolana. Producción y reproducción. Revista Venezolana de Estudios de la mujer, 10(24), 161–188.Google Scholar

Agarwala, T., Arizkuren-Eleta, A., Del Castillo, E., Muniz-Ferrer, M., & Gartzia, L. (2014). Influence of managerial support on work–life conflict and organizational commitment: an international comparison for India, Peru and Spain. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(10), 1460–1483.Google Scholar

Almeida Silva, J. V. (2006). A relação trabalho e família de mulheres empreendedoras. Perspectivas Contemporâneas, 1(1). Taken from: http://revista.grupointegrado.br/revista/index.php/perspectivascontemporaneas/article/view/355/163Google Scholar

Álvarez, A., & Gómez, I. (2011). Conflicto trabajo-familia, en mujeres profesionales que trabajan en la modalidad de empleo. Pensamiento psicológico, 9(16), 89–106.Google Scholar

Alvial Salgado, W. (2012). Conflicto trabajo–familia y su relación con el apoyo social, la satisfacción vital y laboral en mujeres trabajadoras de hospitales urbanos y rurales de la Provincia del Biobío. Tesis Doctoral, Universidad de Concepción. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Departamento de Psicología. Concepción, Chile.Google Scholar

Anderson, J. (2011). Responsabilidades por compartir: la conciliación trabajo-familia en Perú. Santiago de Chile: OIT, Organización Internacional del Trabajo.Google Scholar

Arredondo, F., Velásquez, L., & De La Garza, J. (2013). Políticas de diversidad y flexibilidad laboral en el marco de la responsabilidad social empresarial. Un análisis desde la perspectiva de género. Estudios Gerenciales, 29(127), 161–166.Google Scholar

Arriagada, I. (2001). Familias latinoamericanas. Diagnóstico y políticas públicas en los inicios del nuevo siglo. Serie Políticas sociales, N° 57. Santiago de Chile, Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).Google Scholar

Arriagada, I. (2002). Cambios y desigualdad en las familias latinoamericanas, Revista de la CEPAL, 77, 143–161.Google Scholar

Arriagada, I. (2005). Los límites del uso del tiempo: dificultades para las políticas de conciliación familia y trabajo. Arriagada, En I. (Ed.), Políticas hacia las familias, protección e inclusión sociales, Serie de Seminarios y Conferencias No. 46., (pp. 131–148). Santiago de Chile: CEPAL–UNFPA.Google Scholar

Arriagada, I. (2007a). Familias latinoamericanas: cambiantes, diversas y desiguales. Papeles de población, 13(53), 9–22.Google Scholar

Arriagada, I. (2007b). Transformaciones familiares y políticas de bienestar en América Latina. En: Arriagada, I. (Coord.) Familia y políticas públicas en América Latina: una historia de desencuentros (pp. 125–152). Santiago de Chile: Naciones Unidas.Google Scholar

Arriagada, I. (2009). La diversidad y desigualdad de las familias latinoamericanas. Revista latinoamericana de estudios de familia, 1, 9–21.Google Scholar

Avendaño, C., & Román, J. A. (2011). Efectos de los roles múltiples en el bienestar psicológico en enfermeras chilenas. Psykhe, 11(2), 2–27.Google Scholar

Baez, X., & Galdames, C. (2005). Conflicto de Rol Familia–Trabajo desde la Perspectiva de los Tipos de Jornada de Trabajo. Revista de Psicología, 14(1), 113–123.Google Scholar

Bárcena, A., & Prado, A. (2010). La hora de la igualdad. Brechas por cerrar, caminos por abrir. Santiago, Chile: Cepal.Google Scholar

Barros, E., & Barros, M. C. (2008). Conflicto entre trabajo y familia: efectos sobre la salud y resultados laborales en mujeres. Estudios de Administración, 15(2), 1–45.Google Scholar

Bosch, M. J. (2013). Conciliar trabajo y familia en Chile. Revista de Egresados ESE. Taken from www.ese.cl/wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files_mf/14350726622013art%C3%ADculoMJBosch.pdfGoogle Scholar

Bosch, M. J. (2014). El desarrollo de la reciprocidad: El impacto de las culturas con responsabilidad familiar corporativa. Revista de Egresados ESE. Taken fromwww.ese.cl/wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files_mf/14350728492014art%C3%ADculoMJBosch.pdfGoogle Scholar

Burín, M. (2004). Género femenino, familia y carrera laboral: conflictos vigentes. Subjetividad y procesos cognitivos, 5, 48–77.Google Scholar

Burín, M. (2007). Trabajo y parejas: impacto del desempleo y de la globalización en las relaciones entre los géneros. Reflexiones sobre masculinidades y empleo. En Guzmán, Jiménez, L. y Tena, O. (comp.): Reflexiones sobre masculinidades y empleo (pp. 59–80). México: CRIM-UNAM.Google Scholar

Burín, M. (2008). Las “fronteras de cristal” en la carrera laboral de las mujeres. Género, subjetividad y globalización. Anuario de psicología/The UB Journal of Psychology, 39(1), 75–86.Google Scholar

Carteret, M. (2012). Dimensions of culture: Cross-culture communications for healthcare professionals. Smashwords Edition.Google Scholar

Casper, W. J., Harris, C., Taylor-Bianco, A., & Wayne, J. H. (2011). Work–family conflict, perceived supervisor support and organizational commitment among Brazilian professionals. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79(3), 640–652.Google Scholar

Castro, V. (2008). Estrategias de conciliación entre la vida familiar y el trabajo remunerado en el contexto de la flexibilidad laboral. Tesis para optar el grado de Magister en Estudios de Género, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Colombia.Google Scholar

Cerrutti, M. (2000). Economic reform, structural adjustment and female labor force participation in Buenos Aires, Argentina. World Development, 28(5), 879–891.Google Scholar

Cerrutti, M., & Binstock, G. (2009). Familias latinoamericanas en transformación: desafíos y demandas para la acción pública. Serie políticas sociales, Nº 147, Santiago de Chile, Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).Google Scholar

ECLAC. (2015). Statistical Yearbook of Latin America and the Caribbean (LC/G.2656-P). Santiago, Chile: Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean.Google Scholar

Correa, A. P., & Ferreira, M. C. (2011). The impact of environmental stressors and types of work contract on occupational stress. The Spanish journal of psychology, 14(1), 251–262.Google Scholar

Cosse, I. (2009). La emergencia de un nuevo modelo de paternidad en Argentina (1950–1975). Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos,71, 429–462Google Scholar

Da Silva Maia, K. L., Mata de lima Alloufa, J., & Medeiros de Arújo, R. (2016). Conflito trabalho-familia: A Interacão de papeis na visao de secretaruis executivo. Desenvolve Revista de Gestão do Unilasalle, 5(1), p–33.Google Scholar

De Oliveira, O., & Ariza, M. (2000). Género, trabajo y exclusión social en México. Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos, 15(1), 11–33.Google Scholar

Díaz, X., & Medel, J. (2002). Familia y trabajo: Distribución del tiempo y relaciones de género. In Bell, A., Olavarría, J., & Céspedes, C. (Eds.), Trabajo y familia, conciliación? seminario-taller, estrategias de conciliación, familia y trabajo con perspectiva de género (pp.33–54). Santiago, Chile: SERNAM / FLACSO-Chile / CEM.Google Scholar

Faur, E. (2006). Género y conciliación familia-trabajo. Legislación laboral y subjetividades masculinas en América latina. In Mora, L., Moreno, M. J., & Rohrer, T. (coords.), Cohesión social, políticas conciliatorias y presupuesto público: Una mirada desde el género (pp.129–155). México: UNPFA/GTZ.Google Scholar

Feldman, L. (2013). Estrés, satisfacciones y salud en mujeres trabajadoras con roles múltiples: Un estudio cualitativo. Mundo Nuevo, 13, 91–116.Google Scholar

Feldman, L., & Saputi, D. (2007). Roles múltiples, cualidad del rol, apoyo social y salud en mujeres trabajadoras. Revista Venezolana de Estudios de la Mujer, 12(29), 91–116.Google Scholar

Feldman, L., Vivas, E., Lugli, Z., Zaragoza, J., & Gómez, V. (2008). Relaciones trabajo-familia y salud en mujeres trabajadoras. Salud pública de México, 50(6), 482–489.Google Scholar

Flórez, A. (2014). La responsabilidad social empresarial en las pymes de Colombia. Tesis para optar al grado de Especialización en Marketing, Universidad EAN. Bogotá: Colombia.Google Scholar

Gómez, V., Pérez, L., Feldman, L., Bajes, N., & Vivas, E. (2000). Riesgos de salud en mujeres con múltiples roles. Revista de Estudios Sociales, 6, 27–38.Google Scholar

González Alfita, E. (2010). Comunicación interpersonal en matrimonios de doble ingreso: retos y estrategias de las mujeres mexicanas para comunicarse con su pareja. Fonseca, Journal of Communication, 1, 70–80.Google Scholar

Grzywacz, J. G., Arcury, T. A., Marín, A., Carrillo, L., Burke, B., Coates, M. L., & Quandt, S. A. (2007). Work–family conflict: Experiences and health implications among immigrant Latinos. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(4), 1119–1130.Google Scholar

Gryzywacsz, J. G., Quandt, S. A., Arcury, T. A., & Marin, A. (2005). The work–family challenge and mental health. Community, Work and Family, 8(3), 271–279.Google Scholar

Halbesleben, J. R., Wheeler, A. R., & Rossi, A. M. (2012). The costs and benefits of working with one’s spouse: A two‐sample examination of spousal support, work–family conflict, and emotional exhaustion in work‐linked relationships. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(5), 597–615.Google Scholar

Heller, L. (2013). Mujeres en la cumbre corporativa, el caso de la Argentina. Revista del Centro de Estudios de Sociología del Trabajo, 3, 68–96.Google Scholar

Hendricks, A.M., León, C., & Chinchilla, N. (2006). Estado de las políticas de conciliación en Hispanoamérica. Universidad de Navarra, Centro Internacional Trabajo y Familia, España.Google Scholar

Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G., & Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind. 3rd Edition. London, England: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar

Hopenhayn, M. (2007). Cambios en el paradigma del trabajo remunerado e impactos en la familia. En: Arriagada, I. (Coord.) Familia y Políticas Públicas en América Latina: Una Historia de Desencuentros (pp. 63–76). Santiago de Chile: Naciones Unidas.Google Scholar

Idrovo, S., & Bosch, M. J. (2014), April. Comparing the Work–family Interface in Chile and Colombia. Paper presented at BALAS 2014: Business Association of Latin American Studies Conference, Port of Spain: Trinidad and Tobago.Google Scholar

Idrovo, S., & Leyva, P. (2014). Éxito y satisfacción laboral y personal: Cómo lo perciben mujeres que trabajan en Bogotá. Pensamiento & Gestión, 36, 155–183.Google Scholar

Hill, J. E., Yang, C., Hawkins, A. J., & Ferris, M. (2004). A cross‐cultural test of the work‐family interface in 48 countries. Journal of Marriage and Family, 66(5), 1300–1316.Google Scholar

Jelín, E. (2007). Las familias latinoamericanas en el marco de las transformaciones globales. En: Arriagada, I. (Coord.) Familia y Políticas Públicas en América Latina: Una Historia de Desencuentros (pp. 93–124). Santiago de Chile: Naciones Unidas.Google Scholar

Jiménez, A., & Fuentes, C. E. (2011). Equilibrio trabajo-familia y autoeficacia parental en mujeres profesionales con y sin cargos de dirección en organismos públicos. Revista Venezolana de Estudios de la Mujer, 17(38), 207–224.Google Scholar

Jiménez, A., Acevedo, D., Salgado, A. L., & Moyano, E. (2009). Cultura trabajo-familia y compromiso organizacional en empresa de servicios. Psicología em estudo, 14(4), 729–738.Google Scholar

Jiménez, A., González, C. G., & Reyes, D., (2015). Satisfacción familiar y laboral de mujeres con distintas jornadas laborales en una empresa chilena de servicios financieros. Acta Colombiana de Psicología, 12(1), 77–83.Google Scholar

Jiménez, A., Mendiburo, N., & Olmedo, P. (2011). Satisfacción familiar, apoyo familiar y conflicto trabajo-familia en una muestra de trabajadores chilenos. Avances en Psicología Latinoamericana, 29(2), 317–329.Google Scholar

López, E., Ponce, M., Findling, L., Lehner, P., Venturiello, M. P., Mario, S., & Champalbert, L. (2011). Mujeres en tensión: la difícil tarea de conciliar familia y trabajo. Población de Buenos Aires, 8(13), 7–25.Google Scholar

Lyness, K. S., & Judiesch, M. K. (2014). Gender egalitarianism and work–life balance for managers: Multisource perspectives in 36 countries. Applied Psychology, 63(1), 96–129.Google Scholar

Marco, F (2010), July. El uso del tiempo y las posibilidades de armonizar empleo y familia en las legislaciones laborales. Ponencia presentada en XI Conferencia Regional sobre la Mujer de América Latina y El Caribe. Paper presented at the Regional Conference of Latin American and the Caribbean’s Women., CEPAL, Brasilia, Brasil.Google Scholar

Marco, F. (2011). Cómo deben ser las familias según la ley de Argentina y Chile. Iberoamericana. Nordic Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies 41(1–2), 75–96.Google Scholar

Masuda, A. D., Poelmans, S. A., Allen, T. D., Spector, P. E., Lapierre, L. M., Cooper, C. L., … & Lu, L. (2012). Flexible work arrangements availability and their relationship with work‐to‐family conflict, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions: A comparison of three country clusters. Applied Psychology, 61(1), 1–29.Google Scholar

Milosavljevic, V., & Tacla, O. (2007). Incorporando un módulo de uso del tiempo a las encuestas de hogares: restricciones y potencialidades. Serie Mujer y Desarrollo 83. Santiago, Chile: CEPAL, Unidad Mujer y Desarrollo.Google Scholar

Mires, L. (2003). Situación Laboral de la Mujer en Paraguay. In Valenzuela, M. E. (Ed.), Mujeres, Pobreza y Mercado de Trabajo: Argentina y Paraguay. Proyecto: Género, Pobreza y Empleo en América Latina (pp. 105–138). Santiago, Chile: OIT.Google Scholar

Mires, L., & Toro, E. (2010). Encuesta exploratoria sobre el uso del tiempo en el Gran Santiago: Análisis y Perspectivas (Informe Final). Santiago, Chile: OPS.Google Scholar

Morais, M., Nogueira, N., Menezes, R., Luiz, G., & Palmeira, P. (2012). Administrando trabalho e família: um estudo de Caso sobre mulheres profissionais com alto nível de instrução. Oikos: Revista Brasileira de Economia Doméstica, 23(1), 170–200.Google Scholar

Ochoa, P. (2012). Significado del trabajo en mineros venezolanos, ¿reflejo del empleo en vías de extinción? … Revista Gaceta laboral, 18(1) 35–56.Google Scholar

OIT (2009). Trabajo y Familia: Hacia Nuevas Formas de Conciliación con Corresponsabilidad Social. Santiago, Chile: OIT-PNUD.Google Scholar

Olavarría, J. (2002). Hombres: identidades, relaciones de género y conflictos entre trabajo y familia. In Olavarría, J., & Céspedes, C., Trabajo y familia, conciliación? Seminario-Taller, Estrategias de Conciliación, Familia y Trabajo con Perspectiva de Género (pp. 53–76). Santiago, Chile: SERNAM / FLACSO-Chile / CEM.Google Scholar

Olavarría, J. (2002). Los estudios sobre masculinidades en América Latina. Un punto de vista. Anuario social y político de América Latina y el Caribe, 6, 91–98.Google Scholar

Orlando, M. B., & Zúñiga, G. (2000), March. Situación de la Mujer en el Mercado Laboral en Venezuela: Análisis de la Participación Femenina y de la Brecha de Ingresos por Género. Paper presented at XXII Congreso de la Asociación de Estudios Latinoamericanos, Miami, USA.Google Scholar

Ortiz, I., & Cummins, M. (2011). Global Inequality: Beyond the Bottom Billion – A Rapid Review of Income Distribution in 141 Countries. New York: United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF).Google Scholar

Paschoal, T., & Tamayo, A. (2005). Impacto dos valores laborais e da interferência família-trabalho no estresse ocupacional. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, 21(2), 173–180.Google Scholar

Patlán, J. (2013). Efecto del burnout y la sobrecarga en la calidad de vida en el trabajo. Estudios Gerenciales, 29(129), 445–455.Google Scholar

Pautassi, L., Faur, E., & Gherardi, N. (2005). Legislación laboral y género en América Latina, Avances y omisiones. In Arriagada, I. (Ed.), Políticas Hacia las Familias, Protección e Inclusión Sociales, Serie de Seminarios y Conferencias No. 46., (pp. 111–129). Santiago de Chile: CEPAL–UNFPA.Google Scholar

Pereira, L., Almeida, M., Santos, M., & Cezar-Vaz, M. (2011). Reciprocal influence between professional activity and family life: perceptions of fathers/mothers. Acta Paulista de Enfermagem, 24(3), 373–380.Google Scholar

Pomar, S., & Martínez, G. (2007). Resignificación identitaria, trabajo y familia: una disyuntiva para la mujer. Administración y Organizaciones, 9(18), 95–109.Google Scholar

Puyana Villamizar, Y. (2012). Las políticas de familia en Colombia: entre la orientación asistencial y la democrática. Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Familia, 4, 210–226.Google Scholar

Quijada, M. (1998). Sobre el origen y difusión del nombre” América Latina”(o una variación heterodoxa en torno al tema de la construcción social de la verdad). Revista de Indias, 58(214), 595–616.Google Scholar

Ramos, J. (1997). Un balance de las reformas estructurales neoliberales. Revista de la CEPAL, 62, 15–38.Google Scholar

Reinecke, G. (2011). Trabajo Decente y Política Activa de Generación de Empleo. In: Ministerio de Hacienda de Paraguay, Construyendo la Agenda de Mediano y Largo Plazo del Paraguay en su Bicentenario (pp. 45–56). Asunción, Paraguay: Autor.Google Scholar

Reinecke, G., & Valenzuela, M. E. (2000). La calidad de empleo: Un enfoque de género. In Valenzuela, M. E. & Reinecke, G. (Eds.), ¿Más y mejores empleos para las mujeres? La Experiencia de los Países del Mercosur y Chile (pp. 29–58), Santiago, Chile: OIT.Google Scholar

Riffo, L. (2011). Desigualdades económicas regionales en América Latina y el Caribe. Documento presentado en la Reunión de expertos sobre población, territorio y desarrollo sostenible, Santiago de Chile, 16, y 17.Google Scholar

Ruppanner, L., & Huffman, M. L. (2014). Blurred boundaries: Gender and work–family interference in cross-national context. Work and Occupations, 41(2), 210–236.Google Scholar

Sá de Souza, E. (2007). Um estudo sobre a repercussão do conflito trabalho-família e família-trabalho na satisfação no trabalho e na família e sua consequência na satisfação do hóspede: o caso da rede hoteleira de Porto de Galinhas. Dissertação de Mestrado não publicada. Mestrado em Administração–Centro de Pesquisa e Pós–Graduação em Administração. Faculdade de Boa Viagem. Recife.Google Scholar

Schkolnik, M. (2004). Tensión entre familia y trabajo. En: I. Arriagaday V. Aranda (comps). Cambio de las Familias en el Marco de las Transformaciones Globales: Necesidad de Políticas Públicas Eficaces. Serie de Seminarios y Conferencias No. 46, (pp. 97–118). Santiago, Chile: CEPAL-UNFPA.Google Scholar

Spector, P. E., Cooper, C. L., Poelmans, S., Allen, T. D., O’Driscoll, M., Sanchez, J. I., … Lu., L. (2004). A cross-national comparative study of work–family stressors, working hours, and well-being: China and Latin America versus the Anglo world. Personnel Psychology, 57, 119–142.Google Scholar

Spector, P. E., Allen, T. D., Poelmans, S. A. Y., LaPierre, L. M., Cooper, C. L., O’Driscoll, M., . . WiderszalBazyl, M. (2007). Cross-national differences in relationships of work demands, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions with work–family conflict. Personnel Psychology, 60, 805–835.Google Scholar

Todaro, R., Mauro, A., & Yáñez, S. (2000). Chile: La calidad del empleo.Un análisis de género. In Valenzuela, M. E. & Reinecke, G. (Eds.), ¿Más y mejores empleos para las mujeres? La Experiencia de los Países del Mercosur y Chile (pp. 193–267). Santiago, Chile: OIT.Google Scholar

Wainerman, C. (2000). División del trabajo en familias de dos proveedores. Relato desde ambos géneros y dos generaciones. Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos, 15, 149–184.Google Scholar

Alfers, L. (2015). WIEGO child care initiative literature review. London: WIEGO.Google Scholar

Bardoel, E.A., De Cieri, H., & Santos, C. (2008). A review of work–life research in Australia and New Zealand. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, Vol 46 (3): 316–33.Google Scholar

Bianchi, S.M. & Milkie, M.A. (2010). Work and family research in the first decade of the 21^st century. Journal of Marriage and the family, Vol. 72:705–725.Google Scholar

Bigombe, B. & Khadiagala, G.M. (2003). Major trends affecting families in sub-Saharan Africa. In Major Trends Affecting Families. (pp. 1–33). New York: United Nations.Google Scholar

Blin, M. (2008). Export-oriented policies, women’s work burden and human development in Mauritius. Journal of Southern African Studies, Vol. 34(2), 239–253.Google Scholar

Cassirer, N. & Addati, L. (2007). Expanding Women’s Employment Opportunities: Informal Economy Workers and the Need for Childcare. Geneva: International Labour Organisation, Conditions of Work and Employment programme.Google Scholar

Chinchilla, N., Las Heras, A. & Torres, E. (2010). Work–family balance: A global challenge. In Chinchilla, N., Las Heras, A., & Masuda, A.D. (Eds.), Balancing Work and Family: A practical Guide to Help Organizations Meet the Global Workforce Challenge. (pp.7–22) Amherst, MA: HRD Press, Inc.Google Scholar

Dancaster, L. & Baird, M.. (2008). Work and Care: A Critical Examination of South African Labour Law. Industrial Law Journal, Vol. 29: 22–42.Google Scholar

Drago, R. & Kashian, R. (2003). Mapping the Terrain of Work/Family Journals. Journal of Family Issues, Vol. 24 (4):488–512.Google Scholar

Esplen, E. (2009). Gender and Care: Overview Report. Bridge Cutting Edge Pack. Brighton: Institute of Development Studies.Google Scholar

Epie, C., Mwangi, M.J.C., & Masuda, A.D. (2010). Work–family conflict in sub-Saharan Africa. In Chinchilla, N., Las Heras, A., & Masuda, A.D. (Eds.), Balancing Work and Family: A Practical Guide to Help Organizations Meet the Global Workforce Challenge. (pp. 101–118). Amherst, MA: HRD Press, Inc.Google Scholar

Hertrich, V. (2002). Nuptiality and gender relationships in Africa: An overview of first marriage trends over the past 50 years. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Population Association of America, Atlanta, Georgia (2002).Google Scholar

Heymann, J. Earle, A., Rajaraman, D., Miller, C. & Bogen, K. (2007). Extended family careering for children orphaned by AIDS: balancing essential work and caregiving in a high prevalence nation, AIDS Care, Vol.19 (3): 337–345.Google Scholar

ILO. (2004). Work and family responsibilities: What are the problems? (Information Sheet No. WF-1). Geneva, International Labour Organisation.Google Scholar

ILO. (2016). Women at Work: Trends 2016. Geneva: International Labour Organisation.Google Scholar

ISSA. (2013). Executive summary. Labour Market Megatrends And Social Security. Geneva: international Social Security Association. pp 1–2.Google Scholar

Joseph, S. (1994: 194). Gender and Family in the Arab World. MERIPGoogle Scholar

Kisembo, B., Magesa, L. & Shorter, A. (1998). African Christian Marriage. Nairobi: Paulines PublicationsGoogle Scholar

Mapedzahama, V. (2014). Work and family in a cross-cultural context: A comparative review of work–family experiences of working mothers in Australia and Zimbabwe, In Mokomane, Z. (Ed.), Work–Family Interface in Sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Responses (pp. 37–53). New York: Springer Publishing.Google Scholar

Mbiti, J. (1975). Introduction to African Religion. Nairobi: East African Educational Publishers, Ltd.Google Scholar

Milazzo, A. & van de Walle, D. (2015). Women Left Behind? Poverty and Headship in Africa. World Bank Group Policy Research Working Paper 7331. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/277221468189851163/pdf/WPS7331.pdfGoogle Scholar

Mokomane, Z. (2011). Anti-poverty policies focusing on families: Regional overview, Africa. Paper presented at the United Nations Expert Group Meeting on Assessing Family Policies: Confronting Family Poverty and Social Exclusion & Ensuring Work–family Balance, 1–3 June 2011, New York.Google Scholar

Mokomane, Z. (2013). Social Protection as a Mechanism for Family Protection in sub-Saharan Africa. International Journal of Social Welfare, Vol. 22(3): 248–259Google Scholar

Mokomane, Z. (2014a). (Ed.), Work–Family Interface in Sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Responses. New York: Springer Publishing.Google Scholar

Mokomane, Z. (2014b). Introduction. In Mokomane, Z. (Ed.), Work–Family Interface in Sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Responses (pp. 3–16). New York: Springer Publishing.Google Scholar

Mokomane, Z. & Chilwane, D. (2014). A review of work–family research in sub-Saharan Africa. In Mokomane, Z. (Ed.), Work–family Interface in Sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Responses. New York: Springer Publishing.Google Scholar

Mokomane, Z., van der Merwe, S., Seedat Khan, M., Jaga, A. & Dancaster, L. (2017). Developing an African Research Network on Work Family Interface. Community, Work and Family. Vol. 20(3): 366–376.Google Scholar

Muasya, G. (2014). The role of house helps in work–family balance of women employed in the formal sector in Kenya. In Mokomane, Z. (Ed.), Work–family Interface in Sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Responses (pp. 149–160). New York: Springer PublishingGoogle Scholar

Njuguna, F. & Itegi, F. (2013). Research institutions of higher education in Africa: Challenges and prospects. European Scientific Journal. Special edition Vol. 1:352–361.Google Scholar

Ntozi, J., & Zirimenya, S. (1999). Changes in household composition and family structure during the AIDS epidemic in Uganda. In Oruboloye, I., Caldwell, J., & Ntozi, J. (Eds.), The continuing HIV/AIDS epidemic in Africa: Responses and Coping Strategies (pp. 193–209). Canberra: Health Transition Centre, Australian National University Shaffer, M.A.,Google Scholar

Reddock, C., & Bobb-Smith, Y. (2008). Reconciling Work and Family: Issues and Policies in Trinidad and Tobago Geneva, International Labour Organisation, 2008).Google Scholar

Shaffer, M.A., Joplin, J.R. & Hsu, Y. et al. (2011). Expanding the boundaries of work—family research: A review and agenda for future research. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, Vol. 11(2):221–268.Google Scholar

Sorj, B. (2004). Reconciling Work and Family: Issues and Policies in Brazil. Geneva: International Labour Organisation.Google Scholar

Statistics South Africa (2010). Social Profile of South Africa, 2002–2009. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa.Google Scholar

UNAIDS (2015). Fact sheet: 2014 statistics. Available at www.unaids.orgGoogle Scholar

Van de Walle, E. (1993). “Recent trends in marriage ages.” In Foote, K.A., Hill, K.H., & Martin, L.G. (Eds.), Demographic Change in Sub-Saharan Africa (Washington, DC: National Academy Press.Google Scholar

World Bank. (2016). Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate). Available at http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.TLF.CACT.FE.ZSGoogle Scholar

Wusu, O., & Isiugo-Abanihe, U. (2006). Interconnection among changing family structure, childbearing, and fertility behavior among the Ogo, Southern Western Nigeria: A qualitative study. Demographic Research, 14(Article 8): 139–156.Google Scholar

Ziehl, S. (2003). Forging the Links: Globalisation and Family Patterns. South African Review of Sociology, Vol. 34(2):320–337.Google Scholar

Ali, A. J., & Al‐Owaihan, A. (2008). Islamic work ethic: A critical review. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 15(1), 5–19.Google Scholar

Allen, T.D., French, K. A., Dumani, S., & Shockley, K.M. (2015). Meta-analysis of work–family conflict mean differences. Does national context matter? Journal of Vocational Behavior, 90, 90–100.Google Scholar

Aycan, Z. (2001). Human resource management in Turkey ‐ Current issues and future challenges. International Journal of Manpower, 22(3), 252–260.Google Scholar

Aycan, Z., & Eskin, M. (2005). Relative contributions of childcare, spousal support, and organizational support in reducing work–family conflict for men and women: The case of Turkey. Sex Roles, 53(7–8), 453–471.Google Scholar

Benligiray, S., & Sönmez, H. (2012). Analysis of organizational commitment and work–family conflict in view of doctors and nurses. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(18), 3890–3905.Google Scholar

Burke, R. J., & El-Kot, G. (2010). Correlates of work‐family conflicts among managers in Egypt. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 3(2), 113–131.Google Scholar

Burke, R. J., & Greenglass, E. R. (1999). Work–family conflict, spouse support, and nursing staff well-being during organizational restructuring. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 4(4), 327–336.Google Scholar

Calisir, F., Gumussoy, C. A., & Iskin, I. (2011). Factors affecting intention to quit among IT professionals in Turkey. Personnel Review, 40(4), 514–533.Google Scholar

Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., & Williams, L. J. (2000). Construction and initial validation of a multidimensional measure of work–family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56(2), 249–276.Google Scholar

Eby, L. T., Casper, W. J., Lockwood, A., Bordeaux, C., & Brinley, A. (2005). Work and family research in IO/OB: Content analysis and review of the literature (1980–2002). Journal of Vocational Behavior, 66(1), 124–197.Google Scholar

Ergeneli, A., Ilsev, A., & Karapınar, P. B. (2010). Work–family conflict and job satisfaction relationship: The roles of gender and interpretive habits. Gender, Work & Organization, 17(6), 679–695.Google Scholar