Chapter 2 provides an original description of discourse and procedure in the Irish District Court based on a research study involving seven months of ethnographic observation of a vast number of cases in several different courts, and on a series of interviews with solicitors, barristers and interpreters. In this chapter, an account is provided of the type of language used in court and how the use of language and jargon differs among participants, and the typical or generic District Court case is broken down into its constituent parts in a detailed examination of how the characteristics of District Court language can impact on and be observed in different aspects of procedure.

Respondents' narratives of anti-racist beliefs illuminate the complex relationship between selfhood, politics and culture in post-war Britain. This chapter considers the stories that activist men and women told about their entry into the New Left spaces that emerged around the Vietnam Solidarity Campaign (VSC) in the late 1960s. It focuses on their childhood and adolescent encounters with a post-war landscape that exuded confusing and often contradictory messages about the meanings of British modernity. The children of Jewish refugees struggled to live up to the task of belonging bestowed upon them from birth. The chapter explores the political, social and emotional roots of their radical journeys. It considers how young activists' desire for new ways of seeing and being on the left can be found rooted in their experiences in the family, local community, school and the expanding international arena of Cold War politics.

Middlesbrough, just beyond the North Yorkshire Moors, had a lively WFL branch and active plans for the boycott. But come census night, only two households ~ both prosperous business families ~ did not comply. Why? Further south, WSPU organizer in Bradford co-ordinated an impressive mass evasion. In Huddersfield, with a one-time very active WSPU branch, no suffragette apparently evaded locally. While in Sheffield, Adela Pankhurst hosted a mass evasion in the home she shared with another suffragette. This mixed pattern is echoed on the journey south ~ Nottingham, Ipswich and Portsmouth. Finally, this English journey meanders back down the Thames ~ past the riverside homes of individual census resisters, and a group of darkened evaders’ caravans parked on Wimbledon Common. At last the journey returns to central London and Battersea. Here Charlotte Despard naturally refused to provide any information. And nearby Muriel Matters inscribed her schedule defiantly ‘No Vote No Census’.

Chapter 5 examines the constituency which older people’s interest organisations in Ireland seek to represent and how they strive to work with and represent this constituency. It examines member’s perspectives on identity politics and their views on old age welfare benefits. Focusing on the notion of collective identity or identity politics it explores whether identity formation is consolidated or defined in older people’s interest organisations and the implications of this for the organisation of older people’s interests.

The 'third world' was short-lived, rising and falling within a single human lifespan. But for a couple of decades the 'third world' was a major source of inspiration to the British far left. Until 1956, the British far left were dominated by the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB), which based its view of the world on Moscow's foreign policy. The Vietnam Solidarity Campaign (VSC) was central to the reshaping of the British far left. The rise of the New Left was closely linked to the growth of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND). The original New Left Review (NLR) was an eclectic journal reflecting various tendencies in the emerging new left. An impetus to third worldism came with the open and public break between Russia and China in 1963. British Maoism originated with Michael McCreery's Committee to Defeat Revisionism and for Communist Unity (CDRCU).

In the coming General Election, John Burns had the misfortune to be the only minister defending a central London seat. Both the Pankhursts’ WSPU and the Women's Freedom League (WFL) homed in on his Battersea fiefdom. Indeed, as this was Charlotte Despard's own backyard and Burns appeared to want to prohibit married women's employment, it was little surprise that the WFL produced a special leaflet: ‘Turn Mr Burns out!’ On polling day, Burns was hissed by women in the gallery ~ but was re-elected, as was Lloyd George. Asquith's Liberal government was returned to power, but without its earlier huge majority. Suffrage organizations however remained cautiously optimistic. Brailsford and Nevinson consulted Mrs Fawcett's NUWSS over what compromise suffrage measure might now be possible. It had to be a sufficiently narrow property-based franchise to retain Conservative support, yet broad enough to appease Liberal and Labour. A cross-party Conciliation Committee of MPs was formed and, after much behind-the-scenes lobbying, a Conciliation Bill eventually emerged. It was narrow and would only enfranchise one million women with property. But it would at least establish the principle of equal voting rights for men and women. This was their hope.

The final chapter closes the investigation of Livingstone’s legacy by extending analysis to the most recent biographical accounts of his life. Given metabiography’s insistence on the located nature of all biographical representation, even contemporary work cannot evade its analysis. Firstly, the focus is on the cultural phenomenon of debunking biography. While part of this re-evaluation has depended on important scholarly work, it also reflects a trend in biographical studies that has been aptly dubbed ‘pathography’. This term refers to the demythologising and excoriating approach that many biographers now take to their subject. Secondly, the chapter also investigates Livingstone’s place in ‘psychobiography’, a diagnostic form of life-writing in which the author plays analyst. For psychobiography, the biographee is less a subject for celebration than interrogation. Thirdly, the chapter investigates feminist biography, which has both reinterpreted Livingstone and recovered the story of his wife. In recuperating Mary, these works domesticate the hero while prioritising a marginalised subject. By surveying recent critical developments, the chapter argues that contemporary texts follow current biographical conventions and so cannot offer the conclusive word on Livingstone. While projecting themselves as definitive, these biographies are as ephemeral as those of the past.

Chapter 3 outlines the origins and development of older people’s interest groups. It outlines their evolution in Europe and the United States from the late nineteenth century and the changing nature of older people’s interest representation from the 1950s. The chapter also explores the topic of older people’s interest organisations and political influence and provides a summary of the literature exploring issues of membership and representation.

A striking feature concerning the Irish and Northern Irish material uncovered in the archive of the former Stasi in Berlin (BStU) archive is that a substantial part of the 6,000 photocopies are press cuttings, overwhelmingly from the West German media. Besides media primary sources, the Stasi (Ministry of State Security) was interested in all kinds of literature about the conflict in Northern Ireland. Foreign books dealing with terrorism were translated by the Stasi into German. The Central Evaluation and Information Group (ZAIG) had a copy of a brochure called 'Make Ireland a Nuclear Free Zone' published by the Irish CND (Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament) in Dublin. The Stasi took all the necessary precautions to guarantee the protection of its officers, agents and sources. The chapter summarises the topics of the documents concerning Ireland that were stored in System der Informationsrecherche der Aufklärung (SIRA, Information Research System of the HVA).

The archival legacy of the Stasi (Ministry of State Security) is more than impressive. When the German Democratic Republic (GDR) collapsed in 1989-1990, the Stasi shredded and incinerated much material, especially that concerning the Hauptverwaltung Aufklärung (HVA, main directorate of foreign intelligence). In March 1990, the West German television programme Kontraste filmed the destruction of the Stasi's electronic data, what appeared to be big round discs containing information on millions of citizens, spies, organisations and institutions. Paranoia and fear of destabilisation of the GDR from within or without developed the Stasi into a fearsome secret police force, present at all levels of society. The Stasi excelled at demoralisation techniques and psychological manipulation which allowed it to remain hidden in the background.

This chapter describes the idea that Dundrum Town Centre embodied a new set of urban conditions, which were expressed widely and with dramatic effects throughout Ireland during the time known as the 'Celtic Tiger'. In contrast to the general type of shopping mall built in Ireland in the two decades before Dundrum's construction, Dundrum is a dense, confined structure, almost a kilometre long. Dundrum Town Centre was produced through the assemblage of elements and processes driving the production of contemporary urban space. In the experience economy, architecture and design have become a foundational part of place-making and urban branding strategies. At Dundrum, in line with retail-led regeneration strategies found internationally, place-making is expressed through design, marketing, advertising and promotional and cultural events. In redesignating Dundrum, Dun Laoghaire-Rathdown County Council understood the scale of the change, and that any new development would rapidly improve its capacity to raise local business taxes.

German crusade scholarship precisely mirrored the contrast between methodological innovation and conceptual conservatism. Friedrich Wilken established a narrative that exerted a similar influence in Germany as Joseph-François Michaud's had in France. Leopold von Ranke's pupil von Heinrich von Sybel challenged traditional approaches to reading texts, even if he replaced them with his own somewhat illusory romantic vision of the genesis of narrative sources. German philologists and historians, along with similarly inclined scholars in France, provided a more secure basis for research and writing. Contributors to the Archives included historians from across Europe, including some of the most innovative and influential figures from what had been described as 'the golden age of crusade studies'. One effect of the politicisation of crusade studies was, perhaps paradoxically, the draining of ideological and confessional concern.

This chapter explores the research on the economics of dementia in Ireland, which, while still in its infancy, is a growing field of analysis. It begins with a brief overview of the methods applied by economists to address the issues in relation to dementia and dementia care. The chapter describes three examples of these methods in an Irish context. The first presents the results of a cost-of-illness study which explores the economic burden of dementia in Ireland. The second presents the results from a microeconometric study which explores the drivers of formal and informal dementia care costs in Ireland. The third explores the continuing evolution of dementia care in Ireland and presents an argument that health technology assessment will play a central role in informing this process in the future.

Arden of Faversham is a seductive play with which to begin to trace the relationship between images of the household and domestic dramas, and is a strikingly material play in the sense that it insists upon the significance of its locations, pointedly naming places and linguistically producing spaces on the stage. The place in which events occur generates, shapes, affects or complicates action. The detail of place in the play is uniformly precise. The image plays upon the audience's sense of the relationship between what they see on stage and the private life of the characters that they must imagine, and maps this distance between public action and private intimacy onto the seen and unseen spaces of the household. The two most carefully localised episodes in the play are the scenes in Franklin's London house and the murder itself. The house in Arden of Faversham is a space that is ‘governed’ in the physical sense rather than the patriarchal one.

This introduction presents an overview of the keyconcepts discussed in this book and background onArchbishop Wulfstan and the translated texts. Thebook introduces the range of Archbishop Wulfstan'spolitical writings and sheds light on thedevelopment of English law during the early eleventhcentury. Understanding the origins of Wulfstan'spolitical thought requires some knowledge of thetroubled history of later Anglo-Saxon England. Thebook contains those homilies and homiletic fragmentsmost closely related to Wulfstan's politicalwritings. It includes sources and analogues ofWulfstan's political writings, such as otherinstances of his homiletic prose, examples of formalroyal legislation produced under his supervision,and texts showing his influence. The homilies offera useful illustration of what Wulfstan understoodthis role to entail and how he sought to fulfil hisjoint legal and episcopal obligations.

This chapter investigates the Highland mythology's endurance and spread. It approaches the Scottish dreamscape's international spread from five directions. The chapter looks at the poems of Ossian and their uses in early nineteenth-century nationalism. It describes the Russian reception to exemplify how the Highlander assisted in the creation of other nations' histories. The chapter explores the image of the Highland soldier. The kilted warrior's frequent depictions in the arts and in early photojournalism after Waterloo and the Crimean War lent the Scottish dreamscape an enduring martial quality. The chapter discusses touring Scottish music hall entertainers and especially Sir Harry Lauder. It argues that the Scots have repeatedly used their own mythology to speak to international audiences and to markets of longing. Finally, the chapter focuses on pseudo-Scottish films and novels.