The qualification of Jacques Demy's films as a 'cinema en-chante' receives its formal justification in his 'musicals', the genre for which he is most famous. Les Parapluies de Cherbourg is intrinsically linked to Demy's earlier films through its shared themes and motifs. Les Parapluies de Cherbourg comprises many of the defining features of Nouvelle Vague filmmaking. Les Demoiselles de Rochefort constitutes the adaptation of Demy's proclivity for the intuitive to a highly coded genre. Les Demoiselles de Rochefort hints at the surreptitious means by which Hollywood abstractions of France are projected and reified by the MGM musical. By setting its story of doomed love against a narrative of social unrest, Une chambre en ville complies with the melodrama genre. Une chambre en ville recounts a condemned heterosexual romance against the historical backdrop of a strike by dockyard metalworkers in Nantes in the summer of 1955.

This chapter discusses why, politically, the currency of democracy has become inflated. The objective of democracy in a contemporary world is an attempt to find a way for individuals and cultures with different sets of values to function in a world of increasing globalization. The inflationary expansion of democracy can perhaps be addressed by examining four particular characteristics of the 'new world order'. They are theoretical modeling, state actors and the preservation of sovereignty, new role of Bretton Woods institutions, and new role of non-governmental organizations. The two most powerful threats to democracy as a means of diffusing power are claims to private property and cultural legitimacy. Like many superb pharmaceuticals, what is therapeutic in measured doses is toxic in much larger ones. Critics of the postmodern position generally view the arguments regarding the conflicting interpretations of reality as ephemeral and generally inconsequential.

This chapter analyses four films written and directed by Mario Bava between 1960 and 1966: La Maschera del demonio, La Frusta e il Corpo, Operazione Paura and Sei donne per l'assassino. The first three titles belong to 'the supernatural horror film', the latter to the Italian genre of the giallo. The first point worth noting is that the three examples of 'supernatural horror' are all 'period pieces', set in the nineteenth century, whereas Sei donne per l'assassino is set in the contemporary period. Since he is directing a 'period piece', Bava chooses to concentrate on questions of honour, the family, patriarchy and the selfishness of a power that goes without saying as everyone accepts it. La Frusta e il Corpo extends the notion of submission to take in the male members of the family, but the concomitant notion of adapting for the woman remains intact: now two women are unhappy.

This chapter describes how Edward Palmer Thompson's problems with the left would grow worse and worse as the 1970s went on, and this would prompt him first to modify and then abandon the complicated commitment to Marxism-as-tradition that he had made in ‘An Open Letter to Leszek Kolakowski’. Thompson was certainly unsuccessful in provoking a productive discussion with his old comrade Leszek Kolakowski. It also tries to show that Thompson's experiences in India, at the end of 1976 and beginning of 1977, did much to darken his political perspectives. Thompson cites India and Cambodia to illustrate the depths of the crisis of Marxism. Thompson decides that Althusserianism is not a severe but isolated deformation of Marxism, so much as a manifestation of a more general crisis on the left. St Paul's would be the last time Thompson made a public statement of any length about Marxist ideas.

Many debates over the ‘true’ nature of power relationships concern the importance given to agents or to structures in describing those relationships. Those who discuss the power structure or system tend to concentrate upon structures; those who write about the power of agents or power relationships tend to concentrate upon actors. The agency–structure relationship goes deep into many seemingly different issues in very different approaches to power. I argue that whilst the agency–structure divide is false, our interpretation of the world – the way in which we describe it – means we cannot fully transcend the structure–agency divide using natural language. Whether we choose to use the language of structures or of agents depends upon the questions we are seeking to answer and the commitments we wish to make in assigning responsibility. Ultimately, structural and agential accounts can describe the world in non-contradictory ways, though the choice of description demonstrates the sorts of commitments the describer has towards changing the world.

This chapter provides an overview of the growing area of federal criminal law. The criminal jurisdiction of the Commonwealth is tied to legislative power available through theAustralian Constitution. The Constitution contains no explicit power to make laws concerning crime. Nevertheless, Commonwealth criminal law has been gradually expanding.This chapter will discuss how the Commonwealth’s jurisdiction over crime began slowly, expanding rapidly during World Wars I and II, and then growing exponentiallyover the last 30 years with the advent of the Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth), the Schedule to which contains the Criminal Code.

J'accuse gave a special place to Jewish academics, highlighting their contributions to German science and culture and depicting their harassment and dismissal as the most evident indication of Germany's return to barbarism. They were noted too as one of several ways in which Britain might benefit from German obscurantism. In assessing the response of the University of Manchester to refugee scholars, it is difficult to avoid the benefit of hindsight. From that perspective, the offer of thirty-three temporary academic posts between 1933 and 1939 seems less than generous. Manchester stood fourth to Oxford, Cambridge and the LSE, although a rather distant fourth in the case of Oxbridge, in the league of British universities which received displaced scholars. Still, there can be no doubting the gains made by Manchester's programmes of rescue for the academic and business communities of Britain, Europe, the United States and Israel.

This chapter offers analyses of African American orphans in Octavia Butler’s Fledgling (2005), Jewelle Gomez’s The Gilda Stories (1991), and Toni Morrison’s A Mercy (2008). These writers employ genres such as the vampire novel and the historical novel of slavery to move beyond established paradigms of the modern black family. A transnational tendency affords a different inflection on questions concerning home, family, and nation; these novels also imagine feminist, queer, and multicultural forms of kinship that move beyond the nuclear family. However, these forms of kinship are not presented in exclusively utopian terms, for the novels explore the limitations as well as the possibilities of non-normative kinship and transracial, and even trans-species, adoption.

Chapter 7 considers agency within a large supranational polity. In engaging with well-known debates about the EU’s supposed lack of a demos, its democratic and legitimacy deficits, and the suggested remedies, it calls for a rethink of the way notions such as democracy and representation, consent and dissent, are understood in the EU. Technocrats and interest groups are not citizens’ political representatives; unless citizens are acknowledged as the source of authorisation, the chapter contends, both citizenship and democracy are unrealizable in the EU. On the other hand, the mode of authorisation matters too: in rejecting Abromeit’s proposal for direct group vetoes, the chapter claims the EU needs a justly-ordered and well-functioning system of representation to enable stable and dependable mutualism between citizens.

This chapter assesses the history of the Collegium Germanicum, particularly focusing on the formative early period from the college's foundation until the amalgamation of the Collegium Hungaricum in 1580 and the creation of new regulations for the college in 1584. It examines the challenges encountered by the Society of Jesus as it accepted responsibility for a novel and uncertain undertaking. The initial impetus to establish the Collegium Germanicum came from Cardinal Giovanni Morone, who visited the German-speaking lands in the 1540s and recognised the general crisis among the local clergy, particularly with regard to clerical recruitment. Immediately following the passing of Father Ignatius, Diego Lainez assumed responsibility for the overall supervision of the Germanicum. Laniez assumed position from August 1556 as vicar general of the order and, from 1558, until his death in 1565, as Superior General of the Society of Jesus.

Being pluralist about the concept of power does not mean that all definitions are equally valid. Many definitions are non-rival and gain their utility from the specific contexts in which they are applied. Others are rival and their relative utility derives from how good an explanation is provided by the theory of which they are part. Such explanation is constrained by the world, because good explanation is constrained by the expectations it engenders. Some conceptions of power and related terms do similar explanatory work, but hold different normative values. The contestability of ‘power’ derives from the normative work it does in different contexts and explanations. By making our concepts as non-normative as possible, we can ensure that moral or political disagreement is brought into the open. How we define social and political power does matter in some contexts for both explanatory and normative reasons.