Everett Millais established the Basset Hound as a breed in Britain and sought to bring a more scientific approach to dog breeding and disease control. As the eldest child of the Victorian superstar John Everett Millais and his wife Effie Gray, he enjoyed wealth and privilege. He was the first person to exhibit a Basset Hound at a British dog show and a founder member of the Basset Hound Club. He undertook scientific work in three areas: artificial insemination; ‘rational breeding’ using the ideas of Francis Galton; and the microbiology of dog distemper. His experience and expertise gave him the confidence to campaign for the reform of dog shows, which made him enemies in the Kennel Club.

Across England, between 1642 and 1648, numerous towns found themselves garrisoned. Whilst some issues were clearly military matters, relationships between civic authorities and garrison commanders over more generic matters often proved to be fraught. One such issue where responsibility was unclear was in the response to the arrival of endemic disease, such as typhus or plague, which impacted on all in a garrison town and where a degree of coordinated action was required to limit the spread of infection: who took charge, how and where were the infected treated and quarantined and who met the cost (both financial and logistical) in such situations? A rare survival of civilian sources from the town of Newark enables an exploration of some of the issues within this garrison town.

What is the effect of one’s personality on one’s close relationships? In this chapter, we review the literature on this topic, focusing especially on the personality dimensions of self-esteem and the Big 5 traits of neuroticism and agreeableness. We review empirical studies of each of these three traits as predictors of (a) interpersonal processes and (b) relationship outcomes, including relationship satisfaction and dissolution. We also summarize any existing theoretical perspectives on these associations, including the most complete theoretical account offered for the influence of any of these traits on relationships—namely, the Self-Esteem-Infuses-Relationships-through-Trust (SIRT) model. We expect that two core assumptions of the SIRT model would be fundamental to theoretical accounts concerning any personality dimension’s influence on relationships. Specifically, (a) any trait?s influence must exert its influence through a causal chain of mediators, and (b) one of the essential mediators is behaviors between partners. Finally, we also evaluate how complete theoretical accounts concerning neuroticism and agreeableness that are likely to be offered in the future are likely to differ from or be similar to the account for self-esteem offered by the SIRT.

This chapter presents the central problematic of thebook: the apparent paradox of anarchism havingprovided a forum for the reception of eugenics. Itdiscusses the main issues that such a contentiongives rise to, sets out the methodology andtheoretical framework to be followed and placesanarchism and eugenics within the historiography ofboth movements from the late nineteenth centuryonwards.

The Introduction places the fall of the Tang and the trajectory of Gao Pian in historical perspective and surveys external and internal factors that challenged the cohesion of the empire. The first half of the Tang had been a phase of vigorous imperial expansion, until the An Lushan rebellion weakened the Tang’s capacity to project power beyond its borders and initiated the rise of regional autonomy that culminated in the empire’s territorial dissolution. The section “Tang and Its Neighbors” reviews the empire’s external relations with Tibet, Nanzhao, and the Korean peninsula. “Internal Fault Lines” pinpoints the conditions testing the late empire’s viability: border wars, socio-economic distress, geographical imbalances, internal insurrection, and government factionalism. “A Broken Compact” highlights the breakdown of vassal allegiance to the Tang sovereign. “The Historical Record” draws attention to the bias of official historiography as regards issues of allegiance and details the range and types of alternative sources used in this book. “The General’s Scribe,” finally, explains how Gao Pian’s Korean secretary Ch’oe Ch’iwŏn, author of a previously neglected key archive on the period, arrived in Tang China.

Chapter 1 situates Plath’s work within McCarthyism (anti-Communist witch-hunt) and looks at her knowledge of the Salem witch trials, from American literature to her encounters with contemporary political discourses. The chapter examines Plath’s poems inspired by the early modern witch-hunt, such as ‘Witch Burning’ and ‘The Times Are Tidy,’ and considers her employment of the witch figure as a metaphor for political and gender nonconformists during the Cold War, seeking inspiration the trials of witches and the Rosenbergs. The chapter then comparatively reads Plath’s novel The Bell Jar (1963) and Arthur Miller’s drama The Crucible (1953), arguing that Plath draws on the concept of witch-hunt as an abuse of institutional power, which was parallelled with McCarthyism and the return to Puritanical morals in post-war America. The chapter reviews Plath’s historical, literary, and political engagement with the legacies of the Salem witch trials and offers an understanding of her poetic deployment of the witch figure.

Patrick Blackett arrived at the University of Manchester from Cambridge University and Birkbeck College in 1937 as Langworthy Professor of Physics. He became close friends with the Hungarian-born Michael Polanyi who became Professor of Physical Chemistry at Manchester after leaving Berlin’s Kaiser Wilhelm Institutes in 1933. They would be for many years two of the intellectual luminaries of the University: Blackett as Nobel prizewinner in Physics in 1948, Polanyi as a celebrated polymath who in the same year moved to a chair in ‘Social Studies’ which the University created to reflect his growing interest in the philosophy of knowledge and the relationship between freedom and order. The two men shared dinner evenings and passionate commitment to scientific progress. They disagreed strongly, however, about many political developments in the tumultuous period of the 1930s and 1940s, with Blackett strongly influenced by Labour Party socialism and Polanyi by free-market Liberalism. Analysing their views reveals the role that political events could play in the lives of British scientists while maintaining friendship through the rest of their lives.