Part III covers the period from the end of the Popular Front in 1938 through the German occupation of France. The Popular Front had led to the marginalization and disarticulation of neo-socialism as a distinct position in the political field. Déat and the neo-socialists became unmoored from the left and thus “available” for political conversion in the years immediately following the dissolution of the Popular Front. The vector through which this happened was the reclassification of the political field around the question of war and peace. As a leading pacifist, Déat took up an anti-anti-fascist position and rallied to the politics of collaboration after the 1940 armistice. Initially seeking his place within Vichy’s “national revolution,” his failure to impose himself there led him to occupied Paris, where he came to adopt an increasingly radicalized form of collaborationist fascism modeled on Nazism through his leadership of the Rassemblement National Populaire (RNP).

In this chapter I focus on the nature of theories in the social sciences, some philosophy of science behind the validation of theories (e.g., falsifiability, approaches to deciding the value of evidence for/against a theory), and some issues to consider with respect to the research process and theory development and evaluation. I discuss the value of deconstructing theories to assess their core and auxiliary assumptions and determine aspects of a theory that have yet to be examined. I also discuss modern approaches to assess the evidentiary value of this body of research. I suggest that in our interdisciplinary field, researchers should consider generating hypotheses, as well as research explorations, through carefully evaluating and questioning the assumptions of the theories typically applied in the study of personal relationships. This discussion includes the use of modern approaches such as computational models. The overarching theme of the chapter is that as a field we need to evaluate and develop our theories using some recommendations put forward for decades combined with recently developed techniques in order to advance our theories beyond vague verbal statements that are interesting yet not precise to theories that allow for more consistent deductions of specific hypotheses.

In the aftermath of a tornado, a 35-year-old man with a history of recurrent deep vein thromboses, on Eliquis for anticoagulation, suffers a severe chain saw injury while clearing debris. The chain saw strikes his left midthigh, causing substantial hemorrhage and limb-threatening trauma. Despite prompt EMS intervention, including tourniquet application, IV fluid resuscitation, and pain management, the patient arrives at a rural emergency department in critical condition with hypotension, tachycardia, and significant pain. The nearest surgical facility is an hour away, and helicopter transport is not feasible due to weather conditions. In the emergency department, the trauma team must navigate the complexities of resuscitation, including the challenges of reversing anticoagulation, administering uncrossmatched blood, and managing the time-sensitive issue of tourniquet removal.

The Introduction sets out how the book explores why and how Dogdom was recreated, by whom and with what consequences for both dogs and people. The cast runs from the very pinnacle of society, Queen Victoria, to near the bottom with Jemmy Shaw, a publican, boxer and promoter of dogfights and rat-killing. His activities often brought him before the courts, and he was enough of a roguish celebrity to feature in Henry Mayhew's study of the London poor. The remainder includes an artist, aristocrats, authors, bankers, clergymen, doctors, a dog dealer, a feminist, journalists, landowners, millionaires, philanthropists, scientists, veterinarians and a showman – Charles Cruft. Victorians had a term for these canine enthusiasts and activists – Doggy People.

The functional-typological approach to language recognizes that language features are shaped by functional forces: the strengths and limitations of human cognition and perception in creative tension with communitive needs. The results of this tension are evident in the phonology as well as in the morphosyntax. A functional-typological understanding of language reveals what features are likely to be common to different languages, as well as what features are likely to co-occur in the same language. This predictive knowledge prepares the teacher for what she will encounter in students L1, and helps her prepare students for what they will encounter in L2. Awareness of typologically less common features in particular will help the teacher to know where special effort may be needed to help students meet the challenge. An understanding of functional forces such as iconicity, metaphorical extension and language change also allows the L2 teacher to explain how a particular feature is motivated and not merely arbitrary, helping the learner to see how those facts make sense and thereby making them easier to learn.

Alice Stennard-Robinson, née Cornwell, challenged the authority of the male-only Kennel Club in canine affairs and helped develop a women’s alternative. Her initiative was orchestrated through the Ladies Kennel Association (LKA), which gave women a greater, though still subordinate, role in the British doggie world. Her influence came from her drive and wealth. Her brusque manner and unconventional personal life meant she attracted controversy. Scandal was never far away. Her millions came from the Australian gold rush, earning her the name Princess Midas. Pugs were her chosen breed, and while only she had only moderate success in shows, she helped establish the Black variety. Her mismanagement of the LKA saw her hounded out of the fancy.

Everett Millais established the Basset Hound as a breed in Britain and sought to bring a more scientific approach to dog breeding and disease control. As the eldest child of the Victorian superstar John Everett Millais and his wife Effie Gray, he enjoyed wealth and privilege. He was the first person to exhibit a Basset Hound at a British dog show and a founder member of the Basset Hound Club. He undertook scientific work in three areas: artificial insemination; ‘rational breeding’ using the ideas of Francis Galton; and the microbiology of dog distemper. His experience and expertise gave him the confidence to campaign for the reform of dog shows, which made him enemies in the Kennel Club.

Across England, between 1642 and 1648, numerous towns found themselves garrisoned. Whilst some issues were clearly military matters, relationships between civic authorities and garrison commanders over more generic matters often proved to be fraught. One such issue where responsibility was unclear was in the response to the arrival of endemic disease, such as typhus or plague, which impacted on all in a garrison town and where a degree of coordinated action was required to limit the spread of infection: who took charge, how and where were the infected treated and quarantined and who met the cost (both financial and logistical) in such situations? A rare survival of civilian sources from the town of Newark enables an exploration of some of the issues within this garrison town.

What is the effect of one’s personality on one’s close relationships? In this chapter, we review the literature on this topic, focusing especially on the personality dimensions of self-esteem and the Big 5 traits of neuroticism and agreeableness. We review empirical studies of each of these three traits as predictors of (a) interpersonal processes and (b) relationship outcomes, including relationship satisfaction and dissolution. We also summarize any existing theoretical perspectives on these associations, including the most complete theoretical account offered for the influence of any of these traits on relationships—namely, the Self-Esteem-Infuses-Relationships-through-Trust (SIRT) model. We expect that two core assumptions of the SIRT model would be fundamental to theoretical accounts concerning any personality dimension’s influence on relationships. Specifically, (a) any trait?s influence must exert its influence through a causal chain of mediators, and (b) one of the essential mediators is behaviors between partners. Finally, we also evaluate how complete theoretical accounts concerning neuroticism and agreeableness that are likely to be offered in the future are likely to differ from or be similar to the account for self-esteem offered by the SIRT.