Although recent scholarship emphasizes William Burroughs’s impact on rock musicians, his significance for performance artist and musician Laurie Anderson has not been explicated. She absorbed Burroughs’ works when asked to appear at the Nova Convention, a celebration of the writer in New York City in 1978. Based on archival research, this article reveals that “The Language of the Future,” Anderson’s Nova piece, was inspired by Burroughs’ The Ticket That Exploded for its rendering of electronic miscommunication and technological collapse. Anderson credited Burroughs for stimulating a new direction in her career. After meeting him at Nova, she adopted an androgynous performance persona, composed an homage song entitled “Language Is a Virus” as the central theme of United States (a six-hour multimedia presentation that cemented her reputation), and toured with Burroughs and poet John Giorno. The relationship was never personally close but remained intellectually significant until Burroughs’ death.

Chapter 4 centres on the restitutive and injurious properties of documentary practices. Test veterans sought out state documents in order to locate evidence of radiation exposure and its evidentiary omission. I track three legal disputes originating in the UK before the Pension Appeals Tribunal, the British Information Commissioner, and the European Court of Human Rights in which test veterans sought to hold the state to account for failing to document injury and risk. Despite a lack of success in securing restitution, and a sense of compounding harm and injury endured across these claims, their claims nonetheless produced paper trails of the state’s moral failure and its lack of restitutive care. These legal disputes moreover brought to light the existence and contours of a secretive archive, clarified democratic avenues for accessing documents held within the state’s grip, and legally asserted the positive duties of the state to ensure the right of claimants to access health records.

Chapter 2 turns to the second betrayal. This chapter scales down into the personal accounts of test veterans post-service lives, when emergent illnesses eluded explanation and social recognition, and private shame and debility stalled their lives. I show how unsettled memories and unsettled illnesses coalesced with the slow-moving invisibility of radiation in ways that negatively impacted their families and their well-being. Claim-making thus began as prefigurative struggles driven by delegitimating encounters with medical actors, and the accumulating acts of sharing service memories in veteran spaces. This chapter charts how in these practices test veterans and their family members became claim-makers, a collectivity that produced the possibilities for political and legal action.

In this chapter we present a streamlined version of the original proof of Ando. We also discuss in full detail the well-known fact that the commutant lifting theorem and Ando’s dilation theorem are equivalent to each other. Interestingly, while a minimal isomeric lift of a given commuting contractive pair is not unique (up to a natural notion of unitary equivalence of lifts), we show that the unitary part in the Berger–Coburn–Lebow decomposition of every minimal isometric lift of a commuting contractive pair is unique up to unitary equivalence. We also present a class of commuting contractive pairs for which any two minimal isometric lifts are unique. This chapter also constructs a canonical commuting unitary pair corresponding to a commuting contractive pair. The canonical unitary pair plays a key role in later chapters.

Richard L. Fox analyzes the historical evolution of women running for seats in the US Congress. The fundamental question he addresses is why women continue to be so underrepresented in the congressional ranks. Fox examines the experiences of female and male candidates for Congress by comparing fundraising totals and vote totals through the 2024 elections. While acknowledging the historic number of women candidates in 2022 and 2024, his analysis also explores the subtler ways that gender dynamics manifest in the electoral arena, examining regional variation in the performance of women and men running for Congress, the difficulty of change in light of the incumbency advantage, and gender differences in political ambition to serve in the House or Senate. The chapter concludes with an assessment of the degree to which gender still plays an important role in congressional elections and the prospects for gender parity in the future.

Over successive centuries, Americans have routinely narrated war stories as love stories: melodramas in which men's dedication to soldiering is rewarded by women's devotion to soldiers. In reality, though, love and war rarely march in lockstep. This essay explores the multivalent languages of love that wartime Americans have spoken: patriotic love of country; homosocial love of comrades; sentimental love of home; and romantic love of absent partners. Although often invoked simultaneously, these attachments do not coexist easily. While love is conjured as the redeeming grace that makes suffering bearable, the experience of being at war—departure from home, separation from loved ones, and the specter of injury or death—is just as likely to corrode affective bonds as to strengthen them. Using a thematic approach, this essay proposes that the complexities of emotional life in wartime—from heteronormative expectations to homosocial bonds, and the fragility of wartime intimacy—can only be understood through a war and society approach. In short, we must be as attentive to service personnel and the armed forces as we are to civilians and the social structures within which they're embedded.

Chapter 4 addresses the data to be analyzed and "lines of vision" connecting it to relevant contexts. It investigates the ideological relevancies of the appeals' social, political, historical, linguistic and geographical contexts. While the geographical context of the discourses is the world, the appeals are directed at only 18 countries, two US States, and a corporation, seeking redress for human rights violations such as the denial of life-saving abortion, suppression of freedom of expression, torture and the death penalty, rights based on international declarations and laws. The analysis requires that Verschueren's broad guidelines be complemented and implemented by a range of discourse analytic apparatuses: speech act theory; Gricean and post-Gricean pragmatics; contextualization cues to spatial and temporal ordering; utterers’ and interpreters’ participant roles; positioning theory; theories of argumentation, justification, and epistemic vigilance; rhetorical move and step analysis; organizational discourse studies; intertextuality indicators; and detailed discussion of linguistic devices, notably problems in identifying deictic referents, especially of personal pronouns.

This chapter examines the behaviour of reflexives in L2 Chinese, primarily focusing on ziji, which can take both long-distance and local antecedents. A distinction is made between anaphoric and logophoric uses of ziji, with the former subject to a syntactic constraint and the latter regulated by pragmatic conditions. While L2 learners can easily acquire the local binding of ziji, acquiring its long-distance reading poses more challenges, particularly for English-speaking learners, whose L1 does not have a comparable reflexive. Japanese-speaking learners, whose L1 includes a similar reflexive, show better acquisition of the long-distance reading of ziji. The roles played by pragmatics and semantics in interpreting ziji are highlighted, demonstrating that Japanese-speaking learners benefit from the logophoric use of reflexives in their L1, while English-speaking learners struggle due to the lack of such a reflexive. The chapter emphasises the significance of L1 transfer in L2 acquisition of Chinese reflexives, suggesting that morphologically complex reflexives align cross-linguistically while the simplex reflexive ziji poses unique challenges due to its dual anaphoric and logophoric uses. This distinction is crucial for understanding the varied success rates among learners from different L1 backgrounds in acquiring Chinese reflexives.

To scholarship on contemporary Europe, this business history of European political economy challenges the linear teleology of European integration and reinforces its historical contingency in four ways. First, my narrative provincializes the Single Market by framing market integration as part of a long historical process, inflected by global events and affected by global actors like multinationals. Second, a focus on firms pluralizes the actors involved in market integration, expanding the scope of agency from nation states and supranational institutions to interest associations, companies, and even individual executives. Third, granular analyses of a wide range of firms problematize business influence on the market by uncovering instances in which business interests eclipsed those of the demos and by demonstrating the broad spectrum of firm perspectives on regional market integration – from active proponents to “business Eurosceptics." Fourth, engagement with arguments about the market’s winners and losers and the need for reform politicizes the history of market integration and situates this book among present debates about the future of regulating and doing business in Europe.

Richard L. Fox, Kelly Dittmar, and Susan J. Carroll introduce the volume by offering an overview of the gendered nature of elections, discussing why gender matters in electoral politics, and providing context for how gender factored into the 2024 election. In addition, the Introduction provides an overview of the volume’s organization and chapters.

Financial companies are increasingly leveraging financial technology (fintech) to monopolize financial data, ostensibly to maximize profit for their clients and enhance their power in society. This trend both exposes the serious limitations of individual consent models of data protection and undermines the nature of financial data as a shared resource by excluding data contributors from its governance. This chapter posits that consumer associations, acting as data trusts, can play a crucial role in overseeing financial data-opolies while fostering the development of the community governance of data. Beyond addressing privacy harms, these associations can promote the attainment of important social goods, including the prevention of predatory and discriminatory lending and the expansion of access to financial capital. By leveraging and shaping both formal and informal rules-in-use that may facilitate these efforts, consumer data trusts can ultimately enhance the legitimacy of financial data commons. A discussion of BlackRock’s Aladdin platform and a European consumer association’s lawsuit against Meta illustrates the argument.

No North American society before the twenty-first century has sanctioned female warriors as normative, creating a cultural context that privileges the male warrior. A war and society approach to the topic of masculinity connects cultural constructions of manhood to the organization, discipline, and fighting of military forces. This chapter first examines the connection between manhood and spiritual power for Native American warriors. It then considers the universality of honor across cultures and the role it played in military hierarchy, motivation, and group cohesion during battle. In the 19th and 20th centuries, conflicts over restrained and martial manhood, especially when connected to social class, impacted the bonding of military units, the relationship between officers and enlisted men, the implementation of military discipline, the combat effectiveness of armies, and how societies worked through the aftermath of war. Mass armies in the modern nation state forced military authorities to incorporate those whose manhood was denigrated, whether because of race or a perceived crisis of masculinity in the 20th century, impacting how units were structured, trained, and deployed.

This chapter takes the equilibrium conditions of the canonical New Keynesian model and log-linearizes them. This process yields the standard “three-equation” system (the IS curve, Phillips curve, and Taylor rule) often found in the literature. An example shows how Dynare can generate a stochastic simulation of the model and how monetary policy has real effects over the economy.

This chapter presents a second pass at parametrizing an economic model. The goal is to understand how Dynare can implement a Bayesian estimation procedure, and how Bayesian estimation can be used to complement the ideas behind calibration.