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Both John Milton and Andrew Marvell have been revaluated in recent years. Yet this is the first sustained scholarly work to compare the two great seventeenth-century poets. In his new book, which stands as the culmination of a distinguished academic career, Warren Chernaik examines the relationship of the two writers and their complex responses to their troubled times. The poets were close friends, yet the trajectory of their careers and their posthumous reputations differed significantly. As well as taking an active part in the major political and religious upheavals of their times, both poets engaged seriously with classical, Christian, and humanist thought. Combining close readings of their poetry and prose with detailed consideration of historical and intellectual context, Chernaik sheds fresh light on the enduring works of poets whose words still resonate strongly with today’s readers.
Both linguistic and psychological constructionist approaches to emotion research recognize the crucial role of language in shaping emotion experience and communication. Multilingual individuals navigate multiple languages, and often multiple cultures, making it essential to understand how emotions are perceived, processed, experienced, and communicated in first and later learned languages. This chapter reviews previous findings from linguistics and psychology, shedding light on the complex and multifaceted relationships among emotion, language, and culture. While it is clear that multilinguals perceive, process, experience, and communicate emotions differently across their various languages, the chapter outlines possible directions for future research to further explore the impact of multilingualism and multiculturalism on emotions.
In this chapter, we examine how political antagonism is played out in online social spaces, taking the particular case of Internet blackout in Iran, implemented to quash mass protests in 2019. Using narratives of affective experiences of being disconnected from the Internet, a phenomenological analysis of presence and absence in online spaces is offered. We use Watsuji’s phenomenology of ‘betweenness’ to demonstrate how online social spaces create new possibilities for togetherness and examine the affective significance of being part of online communities. We show how, by being both ‘mine’ and ‘ours’, online social spaces afford new possibilities for individual self-expression and collective identity building. As such, these spaces acquire an empowering quality by encouraging and facilitating a plurality of narratives that challenges the singularity of narratives of power.
On 24 June 2021, China requested consultations with Australia pursuant to Article 4 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes (DSU) and Article XXII of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 (GATT 1994), Article 17 of the Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 (Anti-Dumping Agreement) and Article 30 of the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM Agreement) with respect to the measures and claims set out below.
This chapter introduces the ‘structuralist’ form of political settlements analysis employed in this book. The political settlements framework, initially developed by Mushtaq Khan, has gained increasing popularity but has evolved in very different directions. Political settlements analysis (PSA) was appealing to scholars because it encouraged analysis of power relations shaping development policy, highlighting how distributions of power among organised groups shaped how institutions operated. Influential donor-funded research programmes have aligned it more with neoclassical economics, and this has led to the obfuscation of the structuralist and historical materialist roots of the framework. This chapter elaborates the structuralist and historical materialist roots of political settlements analysis. It highlights the differences between non-structuralist and structuralist approaches to political settlements analysis in relation to the concept of holding power and its components: economic structure, rents, ideas and ideology, and violence and conflict. The chapter highlights how PSA can be used to help understand the contemporary transnational nature of vulnerabilities shaping late-development challenges.
Ignatius went from blessed to saint on 12 March 1622, with the Roman proclamation made by Gregory XV. Rosa De Marco has uncovered printed and manuscript newssheets of the canonization festivities throughout the world that enumerate the joy and fanfare involved in declarations of sainthood. Diarist Giacinto Gigli observed a Jesuit-led procession toward St. Peter’s held the day after the announcement: “with lit candles and surplices [cotte]: and then the Fathers of the Society of Jesus, all with surplices, and accompanied by music, raised a Standard [Stendardo] on which were likenesses of Saints Ignatius and Francis Xavier together.” Surplices are white vestments, which reach to the knees, have large sleeves, and do not need to be blessed, unlike other sacred garments. As for the festivities, recalled Gigli, they continued for more than a week at Il Gesù, the flagship church of the Society.
This chapter discusses the roles and functions of pointing in caring for preverbal children primarily in Western cultures seeking to raise verbally expressive, independent children. The chapter describes how preverbal children can use pointing to elicit sensitive and responsive care from caregivers, therefore supporting developmental outcomes in many domains (language, social, cognitive). It examines pointing within cultural contexts in which it occurs most, contrasting Western caregiving (distal style, prioritizing object labeling) with non-Western cultures (proximal style, favoring tactile interactions). The chapter underscores the necessity to extend research on infants’ pointing beyond the lab to capture caregiver–child interactions in real-world settings, providing an ecologically valid perspective on gestures in children’s everyday lives. It argues for an inclusive research approach that explores infant pointing beyond Western cultures, which so far dominate the literature on this topic.
This chapter describes Rwanda’s record within the manufacturing sector. Until recently, the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) did not prioritise manufacturing-based growth because of the high transport costs associated with its landlocked geographical position. While there has been some attempt at refocusing on industrial policy since 2015, because of a rising trade deficit and the urgent need to create employment, there has not been substantial progress. Rwanda has not achieved significant advances in increasing industrial employment, production and exports. After presenting the evolution of Rwanda’s industrial policy, the chapter provides detailed examples of three sectors: apparels (textiles and garments), construction materials and pharmaceuticals. In line with dynamics in other sectors, domestic capital has been marginalised in favour of supporting RPF-affiliated firms or relying on foreign investors. Some foreign investors like Volkswagen and BioNTech have invested in Rwanda with much fanfare, but most success has been driven by RPF-affiliated firms. Rwanda’s hopes for structural transformation fall at a key domestic hurdle: building effective state–business relationships aimed at technological capability acquisition for latecomer firms.